Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery

About: Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery is a nonprofit organization based out in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Nanocarriers & Matrix (mathematics). The organization has 69 authors who have published 90 publications receiving 4629 citations.

High-performance green flexible electronics based on biodegradable cellulose nanofibril paper

Abstract: The rapid evolution of consumer electronics means that out-of-date devices quickly end up in the scrap heap. Here, the authors fabricate electrical components using biodegradable and flexible cellulose nanofibril paper—a natural sustainable resource derived from wood.

Astrocytes regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis through ephrin-B signaling

Abstract: Neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus involves activation of quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) to yield transiently amplifying NSCs, progenitors, and, ultimately, neurons that affect learning and memory. This process is tightly controlled by microenvironmental cues, although a few endogenous factors are known to regulate neuronal differentiation. Astrocytes have been implicated, but their role in juxtacrine (that is, cell-cell contact dependent) signaling in NSC niches has not been investigated. We found that ephrin-B2 presented from rodent hippocampal astrocytes regulated neurogenesis in vivo. Furthermore, clonal analysis in NSC fate-mapping studies revealed a previously unknown role for ephrin-B2 in instructing neuronal differentiation. In addition, ephrin-B2 signaling, transduced by EphB4 receptors on NSCs, activated β-catenin in vitro and in vivo independently of Wnt signaling and upregulated proneural transcription factors. Ephrin-B2(+) astrocytes therefore promote neuronal differentiation of adult NSCs through juxtacrine signaling, findings that advance our understanding of adult neurogenesis and may have future regenerative medicine implications.