Showing papers in "Advances in Environmental Research in 2003"

TL;DR: In this article, the results of investigation of methane fermentation of sewage sludge and organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) as well as the cofermentation of both substrates under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions were presented.

TL;DR: In this article, activated carbon prepared from coirpith, an agricultural solid waste byproduct, has been used for the adsorption of Cd(II) from aqueous solution.

TL;DR: In this article, a battery of relevant tests, rather than just one single assay, involving important microbial activities should therefore be included in ecotoxicity studies, since most field studies on Cd-microorganism interactions in soils are based on sewage sludge containing multimetals and organic substances.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use the case of toxic metals in sewage sludges applied to agricultural land to illustrate that metal behavior in soils and plant uptake is difficult to generalize because it is strongly dependent on the nature of the metal, sludge, soil properties and crop.

TL;DR: In this article, a process of competitive biosorption of Cr(VI) and Fe(III) ions on Streptococcus equisimilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger is described and compared to single metal ion adsorption in solution.

TL;DR: In this article, the results of tests indicated that the sludge proportion and the firing temperature were the two key factors determining the brick quality, increasing sludge content results in a decrease of brick shrinkage, water absorption, and compressive strength.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive review of high-pH-magnesium coagulation-flocculation processes in wastewater treatment, describes their applicability and reveals the contribution of such treatment strategies to the chemical clarification of various wastewaters.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aeration, nutrients (i.e., nitrogen and phosphorus) and inoculation of extraneous microbial consortia on the bioremediation process were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of disintegration on anaerobic degradation, sludge water reload, foaming in digesters and sanitisation was analyzed in laboratory-scale digestion tests with thermally, enzymatically or mechanically pre-treated surplus sludge.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the survival and behaviour of water hyacinth under varying conditions of heavy metal concentrations, groups of the plants were grown in different media (distilled water, Nile water, wastewater and different concentrations of heavy metals).

TL;DR: In this article, two newly developed parameters, the redistribution index and the reduced partitioning parameter, were proposed to quantify the relative binding intensity of heavy metals in contaminated soils, and the results showed that the rates of redistribution of metals and their binding intensity in soils were affected by the metal species, loading levels and soil properties, and that metal salt-spiked and sludge-amended soils at low loading levels approach the fractional distribution pattern more rapidly than those at high loading levels.

TL;DR: This study investigated the performance of a Continuous Flow Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) reactor producing hydrogen using sucrose as a substrate and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) effect was also investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, three concepts for capturing CO 2 from natural gas-fired combined gas/steam turbine power plants are evaluated and compared and compared in this paper: (a) separation of CO2 from exhaust gas coming from a standard gas turbine power plant, using chemical absorption by amine solutions.

TL;DR: In this article, a method for metal removal from industrial wastes without prior treatment using solid adsorbents such as sand, silica, coal and alumina was proposed, where the removal was performed on several metals at a pH range in which a given metal undergoes an adsorption process.

TL;DR: In this article, a long-term field-scale demonstration project on the feasibility of using P to immobilize Pb in a Pb-contaminated urban soil was conducted.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of Fe2+ concentration on the reduction of specific resistance was investigated in a wastewater treatment plant of An-Ping Industrial Park in Tainan, Taiwan.

TL;DR: In this article, a fixed-film bioreactor system was constructed with a highly porous polyurethane foam to incubate microorganisms at concentrations up to 8000 mg/l, and the support frame was built from cylindrical plastic pall rings to form a packed bed of mixed media.

TL;DR: In this paper, the importance of sludge properties on heavy metal behavior in sludges and sludge-amended soils is addressed, through the use of incubation studies, isotope dilution techniques, ion-selective electrode measurements and 13C-NMR spectroscopy.

TL;DR: In this paper, the degradation of formic acid has been studied using different cavitation equipments such as ultrasonic horn, ultrasonic bath, dual frequency flow cell and triple frequency flow cells.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors collected samples from municipal and petrochemical active sludge to assess the potential for biotreating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated sludge.

TL;DR: Anaerobic digestion of distillery waste was studied in a mesophilic two-stage system consisting of an anaerobic filter (AF) and an upflow an aerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor.

TL;DR: In this paper, three pedons (Beaverell, Cetrack and Judco) were analyzed by routine soil characterization methods, aqua regia microwave digestion, sequential chemical extraction, and X-ray diffraction analysis with the objective of providing a better understanding of chemical forms and potential reactivity of selected trace elements (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb).

TL;DR: A newly developed, standardized sequential extraction procedure (optimized BCR) was applied to two contaminated certified reference soils from Montana, US (SRM 2710 and SRM 2711) for Cu, Pb and Zn as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the basic properties of carbon products from sludge, and compare them with mainly those of wooden charcoal, were investigated, and it was found that carbon products are more porous and contain some useful minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

TL;DR: In this paper, a sludge cake from a wastewater treatment plant was used to investigate the effects of processing time and potential gradient on the water removal by an electrokinetic (EK) process.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the results of several case studies designed to assess the feasibility of land application of fly ash (FA) and sewage sludge (SS) under laboratory, greenhouse and field conditions, and conclude that combined use of FA and SS at a rational rate of application should not cause any significant effect on drainage water quality.

TL;DR: The fate and bioavailability of pollutant metals is important to the long-term health of freshwater wetland systems, particularly in areas with elevated background levels of trace metals as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, a 15% inoculation of either iron- or sulfur-oxidizing bacteria with 4 g FeSO4 l−1 and 0.75% elemental sulfur, respectively, was added to sewage sludge with or without autoclaving in the bioleaching experiment.

TL;DR: The toxicity of hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide radical anion to Escherichia coli was investigated as a basis for understanding the effects of HPC when it is injected into the subsurface for in situ bioremediation or in situ chemical oxidation as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, experiments with solutions containing multiple metal ions were performed in order to determine the effect of other ions on gold accumulation by alfalfa biomass, and it was found that the selectivity of the immobilized alfale biomass could be shifted towards Au(III) by decreasing the pH of the multi-metal solution to 2.0.