Showing papers in "Animal Feed Science and Technology in 2000"

TL;DR: The overall effect of carbohydrase enzyme use is to reduce the variation between good and bad samples of a target ingredient substantially, which means that the nutrient requirements of the animal are met more frequently, and with diets of lower nutrient concentration.

TL;DR: The paper gives examples of situations in which particular factors have significant effects on microbialprotein synthesis, but moves on to discuss the development of new less-invasive approaches for estimating microbial protein synthesis.

TL;DR: The use of two closely related species, Lathyrus cicera and L. sativus, as grain legumes for human and animal consumption, dates to the Neolithic period and is still used widely for human food in Ethiopia and the Indian sub-continent, although cultivation has diminished in many other regions.

TL;DR: It is possible to simulate the influence of sward defoliation depth on the chemical composition of the diet selected by grazing ruminants with relatively little variation with month, regrowth age or time of day within the vegetative stage studied.

TL;DR: The effects of coconut oil, crushed whole oilseeds and rumen-protected crystalline fat on methane release, digestion and energy balance in growing lambs were evaluated in relation to an unsupplemented control diet.

TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive potential value of six species of acacia tree leaves: Acacia brevispica, nubica, tortilis, seyal, nilotica, and mellifera from Kenya.

TL;DR: Fibrolytic enzymes enhance fiber degradation by altering the structure of alfalfa hay by interacting with xylanases and esterases, and are implicated as activities responsible for the initiation of this stimulatory effect.

TL;DR: A 4-week feeding trial was conducted on 90-day-old broiler chickens, fed on diets based on maize and soyabean meal, to study the efficacy of phytase enzyme on growth performance, apparent availability of P and Ca, tibia-and-toe ash and mineral contents of tibia.

TL;DR: In fresh wheat silages, the LAB inoculants did not improve fermentation and aerobic stability, however, in the wilted wheat silage, the amounts of CO 2 produced were highest for the control and lower for inoculant A, while L. pentosus seems to have the most potential in protecting wilted Wheat silage from yeast and moulds upon aerobic exposure.

TL;DR: The results obtained show that the automated system is a useful tool for the determination of fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds and is considerably less labour intensive than manual gas measurement techniques.

TL;DR: Given the reputation of goats as highly-selective feeders, range management programmes should aim at preserving plant communities that are highly diversified in botanical structure as well as ensuring the survival of the tree species that arehighly browsed by herbivores.

TL;DR: Soya bean hulls in the diet increased the level of total VFA by 15 or 30% when compared with the wheat bran or with the sugar beet pulp and the alfalfa meal, respectively, the later producing a higher proportion of acetic acidOP < 0:05U.

TL;DR: In this article, seven birdsfoot trefoil (BFT) varieties (Lotus corniculatus) were harvested at the 50% flowering stage and analyzed for tannins by the radial diffusion and HCl-butanol methods.

TL;DR: Oligosaccharides had relatively minor effects on bacterial growth in the large intestine and VFA proportions in the small intestine of the canine and greater amounts of oligOSaccharide may be required, or it may require application in select dietary situations.

TL;DR: Thirteen plant extracts, selected for their high flavonoid content, were screened on their action on fermentation and protozoa numbers in 1 l dual outflow fermenters supplied with a 50:50 orchard grass hay+barley diet and found that Protozoa numbers were little affected by plant extracts.

TL;DR: The physical methods gave new information about the nutritive value of feedstuffs for ruminants and they can be used to differentiate between feedstUFFs.

TL;DR: The bioavailability of iron from Availa-Fe 1 is significantly better compared to ferrous sulfate, and skin redness with an ‘a’ value in color measurement increased significantly as the level of Availa -Fe 1 supplement increased, while the total iron content, heme-iron concentration in the muscle and skin color responded to increases in the level.

TL;DR: In order to avoid the effects of betaine as methyl group donor or as osmoprotectant or coccidiostat enhancer, sufficient amounts of methyl donating compounds were added and clean conditions were used to reduce the coccidiosis challenge.

TL;DR: This study evaluated the effect of the physical form of a hay diet on total tract digestibility in ponies, with particular emphasis in fibre digestion and digesta passage rate, and found a reduction in the rate of fibre degradation in the hindgut in the GPH fed animals.

TL;DR: The inclusion of all three intercrops significantly increased nitrogen digestibility when compared with maize silage, and the metabolisable energy values for maize and MK silage were both substantially higher than those recorded for MRB and MS silage.

TL;DR: It is concluded that some of the MPT tested may prove to be useful dietary supplements for ruminants receiving poor quality forages like teff straw, but chemical analysis alone will be of limited value in predicting the nutritive value of a new MPT which contains antimicrobial components or material toxic to the animal itself.

TL;DR: Commercial solvent extracted soybean meal and fish meal subjected to additional moist heat for 30 min at 120 or 130°C were investigated in terms of amino acid (AA) composition, total tract digestibility in mink, rumen and total tract Digestibility in dairy cows of crude protein (CP) and individual AA.

TL;DR: Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of an algae derived feed additive, Spirulina platensis, on weanling pig performance and found that pigs fed diets containing 1 or 2 g SP kg −1 for the entire 28 days had better feed efficiency.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that the introduction of a microorganism with superior fibrolytic activity into the rumen can improve nutrient utilization in ruminants and indicate that these proteins may be rapidly degraded by ruminal microbes or that these enzymes could reduce the growth or activity ofRuminal microbes.

TL;DR: Results indicated that microbial protein synthesis might not be impaired due to the sufficient N supplied in the rumen, but the high positive OEB values in the most treatments except 1368C/15 min was highly increased and the net absorbable DVE in the small intestine was highly increase.

TL;DR: A metabolism trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplying a yeast culture containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Levucell) and monensin to sheep, on ruminal fermentation and digestibility of diets as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Productive and digestive parameters (feed:gain conversion rates, whole-tract digestibility, intestinal viscosity and kinetics of digesta flow) were determined in broiler chickens fed on three diets of different viscosities.

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TL;DR: In in vivo trial, goats and sheep performed better with rations formulated from CaP and CPPW compared to other BPF such as MC and GNS, and the results indicate that estimates of digestibility are of use for BPF evaluation and these estimates can be readily accomplished by the in vitro techniques available.

TL;DR: The apparent digestibilities of organic matter, CP, ether extract and CF decreased linearly, with the reduction being higher after sun-drying and lower after ensiling.