Showing papers in "Applied Spectroscopy Reviews in 2018"
TL;DR: FTIR analysis of collagen-containing materials used for dental applications, cleft-palate, and in alveolar-ridge preservation has been highlighted, and the use of FTIR to study collagen-based biomaterials used for characterization of collagen extracted from various sources is highlighted.
Abstract: Collagen is the most abundant protein in humans and animals, comprising of one third of the total proteins that accounts for three quarters of the dry weight skin in humans. Collagen containing a r...
267 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the most recent applications of NIR spectroscopy for cereal grain evaluation, then focused on the use of HSI in this field.
Abstract: Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combines spectroscopy and imaging, providing information about the chemical properties of a material and their spatial distribution. It represents an advance of traditional Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The present work reviews the most recent applications of NIR spectroscopy for cereal grain evaluation, then focused on the use of HSI in this field. The progress of research from ground material to whole grains and single kernels is detailed. The potential of NIR-based methods to predict protein content, sprout damage and α-amylase activity in wheat and barley is shown, in addition to assessment of quality parameters in other cereals such as rice, maize and oats, and the estimation of fungal infection. This analytical technique also offers the possibility to rapidly classify grains based on properties such as variety, geographical origin, kernel hardness, etc. Further applications of HSI are expected in the near future, for its potential for rapid single-kernel analysis.
122 citations
TL;DR: A review of the methods of signal enhancement in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is presented in this paper, where the authors show that conventional LIBS suffers from disadvantages of low sensitivity and high limits of detecti...
Abstract: A review of the methods of signal enhancement in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is presented. Conventional LIBS suffers from disadvantages of low sensitivity and high limits of detecti...
112 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been used extensively for chemical characterization of mineralized tissues in the past few decades, and it is an ideal technique to analyze...
Abstract: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been used extensively for chemical characterization of mineralized tissues in the past few decades. FTIR is an ideal technique to analyze ...
102 citations
TL;DR: Two complementary vibrational microspectroscopic approaches, Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Microspectroscopy and Confocal Raman spectroscopy, are based on different physical principles and the resulting different drawbacks and advantages in plant applications are reviewed.
Abstract: Vibrational spectroscopy provides non-destructively the molecular fingerprint of plant cells in the native state. In combination with microscopy, the chemical composition can be followed in context...
98 citations
TL;DR: The applications and limitations of spectroscopy techniques (visible/infrared, electrical impedance and fluorescence spectroscope) in early detection of plant disease are reviewed, with particular emphasis given to different spectral level, challenges and future outlook.
Abstract: Plant diseases can greatly affect the total production of food and agricultural materials, which may lead to high amount of losses in terms of quality, quantity and also in economic sense. To reduce the losses due to plant diseases, early diseases detection either based on a visual inspection or laboratory tests are widely employed. However, these techniques are labor-intensive and time consuming. In a view to overcome the shortcoming of these conventional approaches, several researchers have developed non-invasive techniques. Recently, spectroscopy technique has become one of the most available non-invasive methods utilized in detecting plant diseases. However, most of the studies on the application of this novel technology are still in the experimental stages, and are carried out in isolation with no comprehensive information on the most suitable approach. This problem could affect the advancement and commercialization of spectroscopy technology in early plant disease detection. Here, we review ...
72 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a brief overview of the versatility of nanomaterials in spectrometric elemental speciation analysis with focus on four elements: mercury, arsenic, chromium, and selenium.
Abstract: The toxicity of elements largely depends on their chemical forms. Therefore, the elemental speciation analysis is of great importance and a hot topic in environmental science and engineering, food science, and biology. The use of nanomaterials in spectrometric detection provides a convenient, versatile, and sensitive technique for elemental speciation analysis. In this concise review, we aim to provide a brief overview of the versatility of nanomaterials in spectrometric elemental speciation analysis with focus on four elements: mercury, arsenic, chromium, and selenium. Various types of nanomaterials, together with their roles in the speciation analysis developed with prevailing spectrometric techniques, are discussed. We also offer an insight into the research trend of the application of nanomaterials for chemical speciation analysis.
53 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, heavy metal soil contamination is a severe environmental problem globally, and its mapping is vital for environmental managers and policymakers to determine its distributions and hotspots. This pap...
Abstract: Heavy metal soil contamination is a severe environmental problem globally, and its mapping is vital for environmental managers and policymakers to determine its distributions and hotspots. This pap...
51 citations
TL;DR: One of the biggest struggles of biological anthropology is to estimate the biological profile from burned human skeletal remains as discussed by the authors, and bio-anthropological methods are seriously compromised due to bone he...
Abstract: One of the biggest struggles of biological anthropology is to estimate the biological profile from burned human skeletal remains. Bioanthropological methods are seriously compromised due to bone he...
48 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a small number of super-resolution microscopic techniques, which are called nanoscopy, are classified by their working principles, including fluorescence microscopy, photo-activated localized microscopy (PALM), stimulated emission depletion (STED), and structured illumination microscopy.
Abstract: The advancement of super-resolution imaging technologies has significantly extended microscopy to nanoscopy, making it possible for the study of physical, chemical, and biological processes at the length scale that is much smaller than the wavelength of light. However, challenges still remain, including the development of high-resolution devices for real-time imaging of living cells in cost effective ways. In this review, a small number of super-resolution microscopic techniques, which we call “nanoscopy,” are classified by their working principles. Not only is fluorescence microscopy such as stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) or photo-activated localized microscopy (PALM), stimulated emission depletion (STED), and structured illumination microscopy (SIM) reviewed in detail, but also label-free microscopy whose functions are originated from nanostructures such as micro-curvilinear lens, disordered media, super-oscillation, and metamaterials. Comprehensive discussion including the...
32 citations
TL;DR: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a 3D high-resolution imaging modality based on an interferometry and is widely used in a large variety of medical fields as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a 3-dimensional high-resolution imaging modality based on an interferometry and is widely used in a large variety of medical fields. Spectroscopic OCT (S-OCT) ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present analytical techniques for quality control of wine, which is a commodity of significant commercial value, and the demand for high quality wine by consumers has been increasing.
Abstract: Wine has become a commodity of significant commercial value, and the demand for high quality wine by consumers has been increasing. Suitable analytical techniques are needed for its quality control...
TL;DR: In this article, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have attracted considerable interest by virtue of their promise to deliver a unique range of properties and properties. But their performance has not yet been evaluated.
Abstract: Since the early conceptual and practical demonstrations in the late 1990s, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have attracted considerable interest by virtue of their promise to deliver a unique range o
TL;DR: Fluorescence molecular imaging is an easy-to-use imaging tool that can be implemented for intraoperative cancer surgery to delineate tumor margins and near-infrared fluorescence is useful for image-guided cancer surgery.
Abstract: Despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic technology of human diseases, cancer remains among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of molecular imaging has made it possible to diagnose and treat cancer at early stages, which increases the likelihood of survival. Nuclear medicine has played a key role in diagnosis and staging of human malignancy. However, most imaging technology can only be used in the preoperative diagnosis stage, and these methods are time consuming and often expose patients to a high amount of radiation. Combined with appropriate contrast agents, fluorescence molecular imaging is an easy-to-use imaging tool that can be implemented for intraoperative cancer surgery to delineate tumor margins. In particular, near-infrared fluorescence is useful for image-guided cancer surgery because of the relatively high tissue penetration, low tissue absorption and scattering, and reduced autofluorescence. In this review, the basic principles of fluoresce...
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive overview of current advances in optical imaging for cell-based therapy and tissue engineering and discusses different types of fluorescent probes and their labeling methods with a special focus on cardiovascular disease, cancer immunotherapy, and tissue regeneration.
Abstract: Cell-based therapies hold great potential to treat a wide range of human diseases, yet the mechanisms responsible for cell migration and homing are not fully understood. Emerging molecular imaging technology enables in vivo tracking of transplanted cells and their therapeutic efficacy, which together will improve the clinical outcome of cell-based therapy. Particularly, optical imaging provides highly sensitive, safe (non-radioactive), cost-effective, and fast solutions for real-time cellular trafficking compared to other conventional molecular imaging modalities. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current advances in optical imaging for cell-based therapy and tissue engineering. We discuss different types of fluorescent probes and their labeling methods with a special focus on cardiovascular disease, cancer immunotherapy, and tissue regeneration. In addition, advantages and limitations of optical imaging-based cell tracking strategies along with the future perspectives to translate this imaging technique for a clinical realm are discussed.
TL;DR: The advances in nanomaterials, molecular probes, and photonic system constructions that have led to improvements in the sensitivity, diagnostic speed, and capability to analyze multiple medical parameters are highlighted.
Abstract: Optical measurement methods are widely employed in both industrial and medical fields for two reasons: (1) they are non-invasive and (2) they have a high resolution. Among the various optical methods currently available, those based on spectroscopy are actively employed to monitor multiple factors using spectral information. In this review article, three categories of optical spectroscopic methods for biomedical diagnosis are discussed: (1) in vitro preclinical diagnosis using optical spectroscopy, (2) non-invasive early-stage diagnosis based on optical spectroscopy at the surface of the skin and (3) minimally-invasive diagnosis using spectroscopy-integrated endoscopies. We also highlight the advances in nanomaterials, molecular probes, and photonic system constructions that have led to improvements in the sensitivity, diagnostic speed, and capability to analyze multiple medical parameters. Additionally, we briefly discuss the future prospects of these spectroscopic applications and the combinatio...
TL;DR: Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) has been playing more and more important roles in investigating electromagnetic properties of various materials and structures on the... as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) has been playing more and more important roles in investigating electromagnetic properties of various materials and structures on the...
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of new types of imaging systems and optical components that cannot be achieved with existing technologies is discussed, and the authors propose a method to study sensory light in nature.
Abstract: Studying sensory light in nature provides opportunities for the development of new types of imaging systems and optical components that cannot be achieved with existing technologies. Insect eyes, i...
TL;DR: The size-dependent properties of optical quantum dots (QDs) such as broad excitation spectra, narrow, tunable, and symmetric emission spectra; and high resistance to photo-bleaching lead them to be a promising candidate for optosensing diverse targets, including metal ions, drugs, biochemical compounds, and pathogenic bacteria as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The size-dependent properties of optical quantum dots (QDs), such as broad excitation spectra; narrow, tunable, and symmetric emission spectra; and high resistance to photo-bleaching lead them to be a promising candidate for optosensing diverse targets, including metal ions, drugs, biochemical compounds, and pathogenic bacteria. Here, we report on the recent developments of synthetic and functionalized methods for preparing cadmium (Cd)-based QDs. We discuss their surface modification and toxicity. In particular, we focus on how optosensing techniques have progressed for biochemical analysis using Cd-based QDs over the years.
TL;DR: Ergot alkaloids (EA) are toxins produced mainly by Claviceps fungi and are considered as one of the most important groups of mycotoxins as mentioned in this paper, and Rapid and reliable detection techniques are urgently require.
Abstract: Ergot alkaloids (EA) are toxins produced mainly by Claviceps fungi and are considered as one of the most important groups of mycotoxins. Rapid and reliable detection techniques are urgently require...
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental concepts and typical applications of propagating surface plasmon scattering (RE-SERS) are reviewed, and the attractive potentials of remote-excitation surface enhanced Raman scattering are illustrated.
Abstract: To illustrate the attractive potentials of remote-excitation surface enhanced Raman scattering (RE-SERS), we review the fundamental concepts and typical applications of propagating surface plasmon ...
TL;DR: In this paper, multimodal imaging, as an important approach to circumvent the limitations of single imaging modality, has attracted extensive attention in recent years, with the rapid development of nanotechnolog...
Abstract: Multimodal imaging, as an important approach to circumvent the limitations of single imaging modality, has attracted extensive attention in recent years. With the rapid development of nanotechnolog...
TL;DR: This review demonstrates the applications of such conjugated fluorescent molecular probes in different domains of biological activities and brings out the advantages and disadvantages of this particular type of fluorophores with the insight to the future perspectives.
Abstract: Bio-molecules are principal building blocks of living species and their inter-play is the cause of bio-activities. Various sophisticated experimental techniques as well as theoretical studies have ...
TL;DR: A review of fabrication, materials, simulation schemes and new designs of wire grid polarizer is presented in this paper, where the research trend of grid-type polarizers in terahertz time domain spectroscopy is addressed.
Abstract: Wire grid polarizer has high extinction ratio, brightness, excellent durability and large acceptance angle of light The interest in grid-type polarizer has maintained continuously over recent decades since it can cover from ultraviolet to terahertz range As nanotechnology advances, size, shape and material of wire grid can be controlled by various fabrication processes A review of fabrication, materials, simulation schemes and new designs of wire grid polarizer is presented Additionally, research trend of wire grid polarizers in terahertz time domain spectroscopy is addressed
TL;DR: In this article, drug efficacy is improved by selective delivery of the drug to the target by encapsulation within liposomes, but only a few new and generic liposomal drugs are under development.
Abstract: Drug efficacy is improved by selective delivery of the drug to the target by encapsulation within liposomes. Although many new and generic liposomal drugs are under development, only a limi...
TL;DR: In this article, the historical development of spectroscopy is examined and the Spectroscopy devices used today are described, and the authors focus on infrared (IR) spectrograms, which cannot give valuable signal in aqueous solution.
Abstract: In this article, the historical development of spectroscopy is examined and the spectroscopy devices used today are described. Then, we focus on infrared (IR) spectroscopy, which cannot give valuable signal in aqueous solution. Attenuated total reflection (ATR)-IR technique solves the problem. In addition, we specifically mention newly developed disposable ATR-IR crystals and micromachined silicon (Si) ATR-IR. Disposable crystal systems and microfluidics systems can be integrated with existing miniature ATR analyzers. If the integration is successful, the technique might be used in biomedical measuring instruments, reactions' analyses, and ultra-high-pressure analyses.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described the occurrences of Hydrohalite on icy roads under very different occasions and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of using this substance in road salt deicing, such as less traffic accidents and lower environmental impact and corrosion from NaCl, but with increased costs of investments and consumption of non-NaCl deicing agents.
Abstract: The common substance Hydrohalite has a role to play in as diverse areas as Geology, Earth Climatology, Universe Cosmology, and Cryobiology. In this review, the occurrences under very different occasions are described. These relations are not commonly appreciated. During the work, we realized that there is yet an aspect that has been overlooked. Hydrohalite formed sometimes on icy roads resists common salt deicing procedures. Also, hydrohalite can be detected by rather simple Raman spectroscopy instrumentation. It means that it is possible to avoid accidents on icy roads in the following way: Common salt deicing trucks may be equipped with “artificial intelligence” based on a duel deicing system that switches between normal NaCl deicing and non-NaCl deicing based on Raman spectroscopy. The advantages are first of all less traffic accidents and lower environmental impact and corrosion from NaCl, but disadvantages are increased costs of investments and consumption of non-NaCl deicing agents.
TL;DR: In this article, the various methods for synthesizing ceramics powder materials have been already been already discussed. But the authors focus on the application of these materials in various applications and are significantly important in our daily life.
Abstract: Ceramic materials have been widely used in various applications and are significantly important in our daily life. The various methods for synthesizing ceramics powder materials have been already r...
TL;DR: The photorefractive holograms have received great attention for decades due to their transmissive geometries and dynamic nature as discussed by the authors, and it is anticipated that PR materials will be the center of optoelectronic material research in the near future.
Abstract: Photorefractive holograms have received great attention for decades due to their transmissive geometries and dynamic nature. The PR mechanism involves charge generation, charge transport, charge trapping, and modulation of the refractive index. So far, photorefractive hologram is regarded as one of the most important holographic materials with dynamic features. Since the first PR mechanism was described about 50 years ago, extensive investigations have been undertaken by many researchers and it is anticipated that PR materials will be the center of optoelectronic material research in the near future. This article reviews the current understanding of the mechanism responsible for the PR effect and current research trends, and briefly introduces recent progress in applications and material design.
TL;DR: In agriculture, monitoring and observing insect pest populations is a major and crucial issue in agriculture, especially for crop protection as mentioned in this paper, and Spectroscopic techniques are well recognized for dete...
Abstract: Nowadays, monitoring and observing insect pest populations is a major and crucial issue in agriculture, especially for crop protection. Spectroscopic techniques are well recognized for dete...