Showing papers in "Arthropod Structure & Development in 2014"

TL;DR: The main characteristics of the sperm structure of Hexapoda are reported in the review, including the aberrant models giving rise to a reduced number of sperm cells.

TL;DR: The present article reviews the current knowledge on morphology, molecular composition and functioning of these organelles in main lineages of arthropods and different ovary types on the backdrop of data derived from the studies of the model vertebrate species.

TL;DR: A detailed overview of the present state of knowledge of the primary male reproductive system, sperm morphology and the structural diversity of seminal fluids with a focus on functional and evolutionary implications is provided.

TL;DR: It is shown how micro-computer tomography (μCT) can be used to assess and illustrate specific parts of the Platydesmida and support a Verhoeffian classification of the Diplopoda: Polyxenida + Chilognatha.

TL;DR: The ultrastructural and molecular analyses have shown that in the body of the C. viridis two types of bacteriocyte endosymbionts are present, and that the Sodalis-like bacteria harboring the same bacteriocytes as bacterium Sulcia may invade the cells of the latter.

TL;DR: Detailed insights are provided into the adaptations for a dual diet using an elongated sucking proboscis, and in the context of the evolution of nectar feeding in Brachycera.

TL;DR: Ulastructural features of different species support two strikingly different models of male and female reproductive apparatus in the small order Zoraptera, likely that sexual selection played a decisive role in the evolution of the reproductive system.

TL;DR: The 'transparent insect protocol' presented here is especially suited for small arthropods where dissection of organs is very demanding and difficult to achieve and the insect organs are preserved in situ thus allowing a more precise three-dimensional reconstruction of the structures of interest compared to, e.g., dissected or sectioned tissue.

TL;DR: It is concluded that regenerative cells play the role of unipotent midgut stem cells in millipedes.

TL;DR: There were no significant differences in the distribution or density of sensilla present on the ninth flagellomere of males and females, except that males had significantly more sensilla chaetica type 1, which are put forward as the putative contact chemoreceptors for T. fuscum.

TL;DR: The size, numbers and distribution of sensilla of M. pyriformis compared to other ant species are discussed and the inconsistent use of sensillum nomenclature and difficulties associated in reliable identification are consolidated to make possible interspecific comparisons.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that campaniform sensilla can provide information about the effectiveness of the leg muscles in generating substrate adherence and can also produce positive force feedback that could contribute to the development of substrate grip and stabilization of the tarsal chain.

TL;DR: The sexual difference in distribution of the grooved peg sensilla suggests that this type of sensilla may play a role in sex-pheromone detection in mantis, which is a rare case of double-walled sensilla mediating this function.

TL;DR: A new model is established to compare MpT development across insects, and a framework is provided to help understand how an evolutionary novelty - the cryptonephridial system - arose during organ evolution.

TL;DR: A putative counter-current flux of fluid from posterior to anterior midgut may propel enzyme digestive recycling, confirmed by the low rate of enzyme excretion.

TL;DR: The functionality of butterfly mouthparts (proboscis) plays an important role in pollination systems, which is driven by the reward of nectar, and it was hypothesized that proboscides of eastern black swallowtail and cabbage butterflies that were experimentally split would retain the ability to feed and display evidence of proboscis functionality.

TL;DR: The fossil evidence and the findings suggest that distinct modifications in the genital apparatus occurred before the fragmentation of the Gondwanan landmass in the middle Cretaceous.

TL;DR: The ultrastructure of the autophagic structures in their midgut epithelium cells was studied by light microscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) during this non-feeding period.

TL;DR: The ultrastructure of three types of epithelial cells and hemocytes of the midgut has been described with the special emphasis on the role of regenerative cells in the protection of midGut epithelium.

TL;DR: The head morphology of larvae of two undescribed species of the corylophid genus Holopsis were examined, and one of the disc-shaped larvae is characterized by an elongate weevil-like snout, which is a unique feature in larval beetles.

TL;DR: It is shown that the maxilliped is, in fact, highly specialized as in modern Geophilomorpha, and supports one of the two supposed hypotheses of centipede phylogeny, the Pleurostigmophora hypothesis.

TL;DR: The defensive device of N. taracua is truly exceptional as it involves a new gland and a previously undescribed function for parietal cells, being a remarkable example of evolution of morphological innovation.

TL;DR: Smooth hairs resembled gustatory sensilla previously described in Cimex hemipterus F. lectularius, and cuticular pores were present in the two types of pegs, indicating that the pegs have an olfactory function.

TL;DR: A study to determine whether the mandibles of the detrito-/bryophagous groundhopper Tetrix tenuicornis are subject to mechanical wear as a result of feeding found that mandible abrasion increased with age, and cuticular mandible structures may reduce the effectiveness of food processing late in the season.

TL;DR: In this communication, the morphologies and mechanical characteristics of nodi from the hindwings of seven Indonesian Libellulidae dragonfly species are identified and a correlation is found to exist between the mechanical forces that build up in the resilin, the face under investigation (dorsal or ventral) and the elongational shape factor of the resilIn.

TL;DR: Reconstructed cladograms based on all three datasets show very high bootstrap values for clades representing distinct genera, suggesting that cuticular organs are suitable characters for studying phylogenetic relationships, and that they could be quite useful in the study of old museum specimens and fossil crustaceans.

TL;DR: The ultrastructural organization of the differentiating precuticular matrices and exoskeletal cuticles during embryonic and larval intramarsupial development is revealed in the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber.

TL;DR: The results confirmed the importance of the feeding processes in the formation of the PMM and showed the nature of the biochemical composition of the vectors' intestine in this important Mexican vector of Chagas disease.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors review morphological and ultrastructural features of the ovary architecture and oogenesis in these crustacean groups in search of traits potentially suitable for phylogenetic considerations.

TL;DR: Aiming to reveal the morphological changes that salivary gland and fat body cells undergo during metamorphosis, microscopy analyses were conducted to detect chromatin condensation and fragmentation, as well as alterations in the cytoplasm of late pupal tissues of Rhynchosciara americana.