Institution
Museum für Naturkunde
Archive•Berlin, Germany•
About: Museum für Naturkunde is a archive organization based out in Berlin, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Genus & Population. The organization has 900 authors who have published 2769 publications receiving 57240 citations.
Topics: Genus, Population, Biodiversity, Permian, Impact crater
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation1, University of Queensland2, Museum für Naturkunde3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg4, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University5, University of the Sunshine Coast6, Edith Cowan University7, Aberystwyth University8, Technical University of Denmark9, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill10, University of Western Australia11, Spanish National Research Council12, University of California, Santa Barbara13, University of British Columbia14, University of Texas at Austin15, University of Plymouth16, National Marine Fisheries Service17
TL;DR: This article synthesized all available studies of the consistency of marine ecological observations with expectations under climate change This yielded a meta-database of 1,735 marine biological responses for which either regional or global climate change was considered as a driver.
Abstract: Research that combines all available studies of biological responses to regional and global climate change shows that 81–83% of all observations were consistent with the expected impacts of climate change These findings were replicated across taxa and oceanic basins Past meta-analyses of the response of marine organisms to climate change have examined a limited range of locations1,2, taxonomic groups2,3,4 and/or biological responses5,6 This has precluded a robust overview of the effect of climate change in the global ocean Here, we synthesized all available studies of the consistency of marine ecological observations with expectations under climate change This yielded a meta-database of 1,735 marine biological responses for which either regional or global climate change was considered as a driver Included were instances of marine taxa responding as expected, in a manner inconsistent with expectations, and taxa demonstrating no response From this database, 81–83% of all observations for distribution, phenology, community composition, abundance, demography and calcification across taxa and ocean basins were consistent with the expected impacts of climate change Of the species responding to climate change, rates of distribution shifts were, on average, consistent with those required to track ocean surface temperature changes Conversely, we did not find a relationship between regional shifts in spring phenology and the seasonality of temperature Rates of observed shifts in species’ distributions and phenology are comparable to, or greater, than those for terrestrial systems
1,504 citations
Scottish Association for Marine Science1, Ulster University2, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University3, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill4, Edith Cowan University5, Aberystwyth University6, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation7, Technical University of Denmark8, University of Queensland9, University of Western Australia10, Spanish National Research Council11, University of California, Santa Barbara12, Museum für Naturkunde13, University of British Columbia14, University of Texas at Austin15, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration16
TL;DR: Two measures of thermal shifts from analyses of global temperatures over the past 50 years are used to describe the pace of climate change that species should track: the velocity ofClimate change (geographic shifts of isotherms over time) and the shift in seasonal timing of temperatures.
Abstract: Climate change challenges organisms to adapt or move to track changes in environments in space and time. We used two measures of thermal shifts from analyses of global temperatures over the past 50 years to describe the pace of climate change that species should track: the velocity of climate change (geographic shifts of isotherms over time) and the shift in seasonal timing of temperatures. Both measures are higher in the ocean than on land at some latitudes, despite slower ocean warming. These indices give a complex mosaic of predicted range shifts and phenology changes that deviate from simple poleward migration and earlier springs or later falls. They also emphasize potential conservation concerns, because areas of high marine biodiversity often have greater velocities of climate change and seasonal shifts.
1,101 citations
William F. Laurance1, William F. Laurance2, D. Carolina Useche1, Julio Rendeiro1 +213 more•Institutions (101)
TL;DR: These findings suggest that tropical protected areas are often intimately linked ecologically to their surrounding habitats, and that a failure to stem broad-scale loss and degradation of such habitats could sharply increase the likelihood of serious biodiversity declines.
Abstract: The rapid disruption of tropical forests probably imperils global biodiversity more than any other contemporary phenomenon(1-3). With deforestation advancing quickly, protected areas are increasingly becoming final refuges for threatened species and natural ecosystem processes. However, many protected areas in the tropics are themselves vulnerable to human encroachment and other environmental stresses(4-9). As pressures mount, it is vital to know whether existing reserves can sustain their biodiversity. A critical constraint in addressing this question has been that data describing a broad array of biodiversity groups have been unavailable for a sufficiently large and representative sample of reserves. Here we present a uniquely comprehensive data set on changes over the past 20 to 30 years in 31 functional groups of species and 21 potential drivers of environmental change, for 60 protected areas stratified across the world's major tropical regions. Our analysis reveals great variation in reserve 'health': about half of all reserves have been effective or performed passably, but the rest are experiencing an erosion of biodiversity that is often alarmingly widespread taxonomically and functionally. Habitat disruption, hunting and forest-product exploitation were the strongest predictors of declining reserve health. Crucially, environmental changes immediately outside reserves seemed nearly as important as those inside in determining their ecological fate, with changes inside reserves strongly mirroring those occurring around them. These findings suggest that tropical protected areas are often intimately linked ecologically to their surrounding habitats, and that a failure to stem broad-scale loss and degradation of such habitats could sharply increase the likelihood of serious biodiversity declines.
962 citations
Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory1, University of Bristol2, Wesleyan University3, Yale University4, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton5, Utrecht University6, University of Hawaii at Manoa7, Pennsylvania State University8, University of Southern California9, Museum für Naturkunde10, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill11, University of California, Santa Cruz12, Cardiff University13, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research14, University of South Florida St. Petersburg15, VU University Amsterdam16, Autonomous University of Barcelona17, Claremont McKenna College18
TL;DR: This paper reviewed events exhibiting evidence for elevated atmospheric CO2, global warming, and ocean acidification over the past ~300 million years of Earth's history, some with contemporaneous extinction or evolutionary turnover among marine calcifiers.
Abstract: Ocean acidification may have severe consequences for marine ecosystems; however, assessing its future impact is difficult because laboratory experiments and field observations are limited by their reduced ecologic complexity and sample period, respectively. In contrast, the geological record contains long-term evidence for a variety of global environmental perturbations, including ocean acidification plus their associated biotic responses. We review events exhibiting evidence for elevated atmospheric CO2, global warming, and ocean acidification over the past ~300 million years of Earth’s history, some with contemporaneous extinction or evolutionary turnover among marine calcifiers. Although similarities exist, no past event perfectly parallels future projections in terms of disrupting the balance of ocean carbonate chemistry—a consequence of the unprecedented rapidity of CO2 release currently taking place.
838 citations
Flanders Marine Institute1, Australian Museum2, University of New South Wales3, University of Southern Mississippi4, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton5, University of Hasselt6, WorldFish7, American Museum of Natural History8, San Diego State University9, Museum Victoria10, Natural History Museum11, Dowling College12, University of Hamburg13, James Cook University14, University of Johannesburg15, National Museum of Natural History16, National Taiwan Ocean University17, Scripps Institution of Oceanography18, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration19, University of Queensland20, University of Sassari21, Université libre de Bruxelles22, Vrije Universiteit Brussel23, Queensland Museum24, University of California, Merced25, Ghent University26, Naturalis27, Howard University28, University of Gothenburg29, California Academy of Sciences30, Florida Museum of Natural History31, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science32, Osaka University33, University of Santiago de Compostela34, University of Alaska Anchorage35, University of Málaga36, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research37, National University of Ireland, Galway38, University of Alaska Fairbanks39, Spanish National Research Council40, CABI41, University of Siegen42, Massey University43, University of Copenhagen44, Naturhistorisches Museum45, University of Washington46, Museum für Naturkunde47, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution48, Western Washington University49, University of Bergen50, Nova Southeastern University51, Shirshov Institute of Oceanology52, National University of Singapore53, Shimane University54, Agnes Scott College55, University of the Ryukyus56, University of California, Davis57, Federal University of Paraná58, University of the Basque Country59, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover60, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences61, Tel Aviv University62, Swedish Museum of Natural History63, Joint Nature Conservation Committee64, The Evergreen State College65, Estonian University of Life Sciences66, University of Maine67, Virginia Commonwealth University68, Trinity College, Dublin69, University of Auckland70
TL;DR: The first register of the marine species of the world is compiled and it is estimated that between one-third and two-thirds of marine species may be undescribed, and previous estimates of there being well over one million marine species appear highly unlikely.
822 citations
Authors
Showing all 913 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew F. Thirlwall | 83 | 217 | 17959 |
| Robert Hall | 81 | 525 | 28159 |
| Mikael Fortelius | 56 | 181 | 10404 |
| Rudolf Meier | 54 | 181 | 14041 |
| Jürgen Deckert | 52 | 300 | 10227 |
| Kjell Johansen | 51 | 164 | 7584 |
| Peter Berthold | 49 | 302 | 11124 |
| Falko Langenhorst | 48 | 206 | 8983 |
| Peter K. L. Ng | 46 | 542 | 16191 |
| Wolfgang Kiessling | 44 | 148 | 10087 |
| Michel Laurin | 41 | 183 | 5760 |
| Dieter Stöffler | 40 | 109 | 6972 |
| Philippe Claeys | 40 | 278 | 6454 |
| Wolfgang Stephan | 40 | 103 | 7775 |
| Karsten Wesche | 38 | 149 | 4444 |