Showing papers in "Atmospheric Environment in 2002"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that the relative concentration of CO, BC and particle number decreased exponentially and tracked each other well as one moves away from the freeway, and both atmospheric dispersion and coagulation appeared to contribute to the rapid decrease in particle number concentration and change in particle size distribution with increasing distance from a freeway.

TL;DR: In this article, metal emissions from road traffic were studied in two heavily trafficked tunnels in Gothenburg, Sweden, and five runs were made in each tunnel, generally extending over several hours, during which air concentrations of metals in tunnel inlet and outlet, traffic flow and composition and air ventilation were determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the performance and pollutant emission of a commercial SI engine using ethanol-gasoline blended fuels with various blended rates (0, 5, 10, 20, 30%).

TL;DR: In this paper, a year-long field study to characterize the ionic species in PM2.5 was carried out in Shanghai and Beijing, China, in 1999-2000.

TL;DR: In this paper, daily particulate and vapor-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) samples were collected at an urban site in Seoul, Korea, during five intensive sampling campaigns between October 1998 and December 1999.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive, spatially resolved (0.25°×0.75°) fossil fuel consumption database and emissions inventory was constructed, for India, for the first time, and emissions for various pollutants were derived using India specific fuel characteristics and information on combustion/air pollution control technologies for the power and industrial sectors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of furnishings and air speed on particle deposition to surfaces have been investigated in an isolated room (volume=14.2m3) using three different indoor furnishing levels (bare, carpeted, and fully furnished) and four different air flow conditions.

TL;DR: The average slopes mr of log K p versus log PLo for n-alkanes (−0.46), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 2,3,7,8-substituted poly-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were well correlated with the sub-cooled liquid vapor pressure PLo as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the emissions of a large number of chemical compounds emitted from birch wood combustion in a wood stove were analyzed and the results were compared to the size distribution in road traffic emissions.

TL;DR: A passive-type air-cleaning material and an air cleaner using manganese oxide (77% MnO2) as an active component and successfully reduced indoor HCHO concentrations in newly built multi-family houses was discussed in this article.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured in a street canyon in a German urban area were made, and the maximum of the number size distribution measured during rush hour near a busy city street was at a particle diameter of 15 nm.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors characterize trace elements associated with atmospheric particulate matter of 2.5μm and smaller in size (PM2.5) over the New York-New Jersey (NY-NJ) Harbor Bight.

TL;DR: A spatially resolved biomass burning data set, and related emissions of sulphur dioxide and aerosol chemical constituents was constructed for India, for 1996-1997 and extrapolated to the INDOEX period (1998-1999) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In the ALERT2000 polar sunrise experiment at Alert, Nunavut, Canada, the authors performed measurements of boundary layer bromine oxide radicals (BrO) by differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) using scattered sunlight in the spectral range from 320 to 400 nm as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The results from a 1-year measurement period concerning the diurnal PM2.5 and PM10 organic carbon (OC) and black carbon (BC) concentrations are presented for a traffic-influenced site in the Helsinki metropolitan area as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the indoor air quality of domestic kitchens and domestic living rooms in Hong Kong and found that the 8-h average concentrations of CO2 and PM10 in domestic kitchens were 14% and 67% higher than those measured in the living rooms.

TL;DR: The water soluble organic compounds (WSOC) in soot samples as a function of the extent of ozone oxidation have been measured by a new methodology which utilises ion exchange chromatography, total carbon analysis and proton nuclear magnetic resonance as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors examined commuters' exposure to respirable suspended particulate (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) and carbon monoxide (CO) in public transportation modes in Guangzhou, China.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of light on mercury emissions from substrates amended with pure synthetic mercury species, and from naturally and anthropogenically mercury-enriched substrates were investigated using laboratory experiments and in situ flux measurements.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined commuters' exposure to respirable suspended particulate matters while commuting in public transportation modes in Hong Kong and found that the particulate level is greatly affected by the mode of transport as well as the ventilation system of the transport.

TL;DR: In order to understand the possible influence of aerosols on the environment in the agricultural Yangtze delta region of China, a one-month field sampling campaign was carried out during November 1999 in Linan, China as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical speciation of 11 metals in aerosols has been studied in 12 areas of the city of Seville (Spain) using a high-volume sampling system equipped with a cascade impactor, which effectively separates the particulate matter into six size ranges.

TL;DR: In this article, a Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM) and cluster analysis of the particle positions are used to derive more representative single trajectories and trajectory ensembles.

TL;DR: The first time that volatile organic compound (VOC) levels in Karachi have been extensively characterized, the overall air quality of the urban environment was determined using air samples collected at six locations throughout Karachi as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the vertical gradients of NO x, HONO, and HNO 3 were measured in the lower 1-2 m above the snowpack at Summit, Greenland, during summer 2000.

TL;DR: In this paper, the indoor and outdoor elemental compositions of the particulate samples collected in 34 homes and their adjacent outdoor environments in Hong Kong during the fall and winter seasons were identified by proton-induced X-ray emission analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, total, labile and bioaccessible concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were determined in the airborne particulate matter.

TL;DR: In this paper, a statistical analysis of European ammonia (NH3) volatilization data (from Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and UK) collated in a database produced a model that is supported by theoretical considerations of the effect of explanatory variables (see www.alfam.dk).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the indoor air quality in selected indoor environments in Hong Kong such as homes, offices, schools, shopping malls and restaurants and found that the highest indoor PM10 levels were observed at restaurants due to the presence of cigarette smoking and extensive use of gas stoves for cooking.