Showing papers in "Behavioral and Neural Biology in 1982"

TL;DR: A comparison of 11 inbred strains of Mus musculus domesticus was carried out for pup care behavior in a retrieving test, and the strains CBA/H, C3H/Ico, C57BL/6, andCBA/J are better retrievers than the strains BALB/C, NZB, DBA/2, XLII, A/J, AKR, and C57Br.

TL;DR: The results suggest that aged rats experience significantly more rapid forgetting in both short- and long-term memory systems.

TL;DR: Findings of this studies compared to findings of other studies of pre- and postnatal stimulation on offspring behavior and pituitary-adrenal activity indicated that offspring exposed to the apple solution in utero showed an increased preference for apple postnatally.

TL;DR: Neurochemical changes characteristic of learned helplessness required 30 min of training to develop and chronic, but not acute, administration of imipramine produced opposing changes in control rats and reversed the decreased release measured in helpless animals.

TL;DR: It was concluded that suppressed immunological functioning may be included among the pathophysiological consequences of maternal separation in infant monkeys.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that increased retention of passive avoidance conditioning in rats is produced by posttraining administration of each of the opiate antagonists employed in this investigation, providing strong support for the interpretation that naloxone facilitates retention of Passive avoidance conditioning as a function of its opiate antagonist properties.

TL;DR: The SHR may provide a valuable animal model for studying spontaneous hyperactivity and for investigating the neurochemical basis of the so-called “paradoxical response” to amphetamine as seen in children.

TL;DR: The results are interpreted as indicating a nonspecific effect of scopolamine on arousal and/or attention.

TL;DR: Rats who, prior to training, had been repeatedly placed on the platform in the correct location showed faster acquisition of spatial localization than naive rats or rats who had been placed onThe platform in an incorrect location.

TL;DR: The Pavlovian conditioning model of drug tolerance was examined in the context of tolerance to the locomotor activity-suppressing effects of morphine on rats and an explicitly unpaired procedure was more successful in extinguishing tolerance than was a morphine omission procedure.

TL;DR: Lesions in the sex steroid-binding area of the ventral telencephalon, the area ventralis telencephali pars supracommissuralis (Vs) and the posterior area ventralsized pars ventralIS (pVv) were effective in reducing male courtship and spawning behavior in goldfish.

TL;DR: The radial maze performances CD-1 mice and S-1 (Berkeley strain) rats were compared and it was concluded that one cannot be certain that radial maze performance necessarily reflects specific innate foot-search behaviors of animals until more investigations are carried out on food- search behaviors in the field, variables that affect search behaviors, and how these factors directly influence radial Maze performance.

TL;DR: Four experiments investigated the effects of amphetamine on retrieval of a “forgotten” maze task, finding no effect on acquisition and the possible role of catecholamines, central or peripheral, in memory retrieval processes.

TL;DR: Age, and age-influenced motivation were found to have a profound effect on learning and on its expression, while starved old animals learned readily and young snails which were well fed prior to training also acquired the association, but only expressed the learned response after food deprivation.

TL;DR: Alcohol-drinking male Wistar rats consuming a 10% v/v ethanol solution presented in a free choice with water did not alter their intake of ethanol during 5 days of treatment with pimozide, suggesting that the dopamine system is not involved in the mediation of the reinforcing effects of ethanol.

TL;DR: There was a significant decrease in the occurrence of cannibalism between the 2nd and 4th day following parturition and female poeciliids preferentially cannibalized the young of another female rather than their own.

TL;DR: Dominant and subordinate male bank voles from stable hierarchies were used as choice objects and urine donors in tests with estrogen-treated females and female preference here represents a case of sexual selection partly by olfaction, and may augment the reproductive success of dominant males.

TL;DR: Eight sexually inexperienced male rats were exposed to odors from female urine and showed an orienting reaction to the stimulus, characterized by sniffing and directing the head and body upward into the vertical air stream indicating that the response was not due to artefacts.

TL;DR: The present results demonstrate that the degree of sensitization can be varied by manipulation of the number of preexposures, and damage to the lateral nucleus of the septum appears to sensitize rats to available stimuli.

TL;DR: Despite some methodological constraints, electrical brain stimulation represents a powerful technique in elucidating the neurobiological basis of memory and can be applied readily to the study of memory within a number of different behavioral paradigms.

TL;DR: The results from this study and other physiological and morphological findings suggest that the retino-hypothalamic system is an anatomically independent component of the optic system.

TL;DR: No evidence was found that the odor of either substance influenced the students' judgments of attractiveness of the confederate, or of ExaltolideR, a synthetic musk, or no applied odor.

TL;DR: It is concluded that tadpoles can distinguish between siblings and nonsiblings by using waterborne chemical cues alone that are probably sensed by olfaction or taste and visual stimuli alone are not sufficient for such discrimination and sound production as a means of communication in tadpole is probably unimportant.

TL;DR: The data indicate that vasopressin may facilitate memory consolidation in rats, depending on the nature of prior experience with the training situation, as well as the time dependent effect of the peptide.

TL;DR: Initial learning of the eight-arm radial maze was examined in groups of rats having either bilateral superior colliculus or posterior (visual) cortical lesions, suggesting that these two types of lesion affect different aspects of performance.

TL;DR: These examples of mammalian scent marking thus appear to be similar in their species specificity to a wide variety of signaling behaviors in other animals.

TL;DR: The present findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the amnestic effect of ECS may be mediated, at least in part, by the release of endogenous opioid peptides; however, actions upon other neurochemical parameters, particularly upon other neurotransmitter systems, cannot be excluded from that effect.

TL;DR: Modification of one or more of several mechanisms such as habituation, memory, attention, and sensory acuity, as well as drug aversions, may be relevant when accounting for the effects of atropinics on various exploratory-motivated behaviors.

TL;DR: Female hamsters clearly show the “Coolidge effect” described for males, in which a novel stimulus leads to a renewal of sexual activity in the sexually satiated animal and the effect is very robust with the renewed mating resulting in a doubling of the total lordosis time over that found when mating occurs with a single male.