Showing papers in "Clinical Lung Cancer in 2016"

TL;DR: Computed tomography-based radiomic features of peripheral lung adenocarcinomas can capture useful information regarding tumor phenotype, and the model built can be useful to predict the presence of EGFR mutations in peripheral lung carcinomas in Asian patients when mutational profiling is not available or possible.

TL;DR: Patients with stage IV LCNEC do not respond as well to platinum/etoposide compared with historic data for extensive stage small-cell lung cancer; however, the prognosis is similar.

TL;DR: ARCTIC (NCT02352948) is a global, phase III, randomized, open-label multicenter study in patients with advanced NSCLC assessing the safety and clinical activity of durvalumab versus standard of care (SoC); safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and quality of life.

TL;DR: PD-L 1 expression in tumor cells markedly increased in a subset of patients after gefitinib treatment, and rebiopsy should be considered when using PD-L1 expression as a biomarker.

TL;DR: No consensus has yet been reached on whether PD-L1 expression is an ideal marker for patient selection, but recent research has shown promise for alternative markers, including T-cell immunohistochemistry, other immunologic markers, T- cell receptor clonality, and somatic mutational burden.

TL;DR: Concomitant EGFR, EML4-ALK, or KRAS mutations can occur in NSCLC and represents the most common double alteration and confers a poor prognosis.

TL;DR: The NLST eligibility criteria may not be effective in screening for lung cancer in Taiwan, and a risk-based prediction model based on the family history of lung cancer and female gender can potentially improve the efficiency of Lung cancer screening programs in Taiwan.

TL;DR: Despite adjustment for patient and tumor related characteristics, a sublobar resection is associated with significantly reduced long-term survival compared to a formal surgical lobectomy among patients with NSCLC, even for stage 1A tumors.

TL;DR: Sarcomatoid carcinoma is associated with a poor prognosis and the high resistance to chemotherapy emphasizes the need to test for new strategies through collaborative programs dedicated to this population.

TL;DR: The upregulation of miR-126 in NSCLC A549 cells can reduce the expression of the target gene PIK3R2 and influence the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, suppressing the proliferation, migration, and invasive abilities of A549 Cells.

TL;DR: It is found that further validation studies need to be considered for lung cancer risk prediction models, especially for the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial 2012 Model Version and Hoggart models, which recorded the best overall performance.

TL;DR: Post-treatment HRQOL scores indicate that SABR is an overall well-tolerated modality for patients with ES-NSCLC who either declined or were unfit for surgery.

TL;DR: No significant differences were found in the survival rates between patients with lung adenocarcinoma categorized as MIA or AIS, which raises questions regarding the evidence for TNM staging of AIS and MIA as recommended by the 2011 IASLC/ATS/ERS and 2015 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the lung.

TL;DR: In the setting of SBRT, an elevated pretreatment NLR, PLR, and neutrophil count and the presence of lymphocytopenia independently predicted for poor OS.

TL;DR: The amount of current evidence is small, with limitations in study design and use of outcome measures, and more high-quality research is needed to determine the frequency, duration, and overall magnitude of LCS-related psychological burden in nonclinical trial settings.

TL;DR: This systematic review with meta-analysis of 2 randomized trials indicates that TRT improves overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with extensive stage SCLC, with a small incremental risk of esophageal toxicity.

TL;DR: A brief review of EGFR testing methodologies to identify classical and other EGFR mutations; practical considerations; role of rebiopsy (to identify mechanisms of acquired resistance to first- and second-generation EGFR TKIs); and clinical vignettes highlighting the nuances of testing in day-to-day practice are reported.

TL;DR: Close monitoring with routine CT scans within the first 2 years after SBRT is effective in detecting early disease progression, and the risk for the development of an SPLC remains elevated beyond 2 years, particularly in former and current smokers.

TL;DR: New approaches of immunotherapy and other targeted therapies, which may yield new treatment options and improve the outcome of patients with SCLC are highlighted.

TL;DR: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase variants might have no correlation with clinical response to crizotinib, and the percentage of ALK-positive cells might correlate with the extent of benefit from criztotinib treatment.

TL;DR: In the largest series reported to date on postresection recurrence of NSCLC, increasing pathologic stage, advanced age, pneumonectomy, sublobar resection, lymphatic and blood vessel invasion, and visceral pleural invasion were independently associated with local and distant recurrence.

TL;DR: The relevant data concerning the diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic significance of 3 distinct but potentially complementary circulating biomarkers in non-small-cell lung cancer: circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA, and microRNAs are reviewed.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a geriatric assessment can detect multiple health issues not reflected in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status and have predictive value for mortality and appear to be associated with treatment completion.

TL;DR: Use of IMRT in patients with T3 and T4 tumors was associated with improved overall survival in this large population-based analysis, a novel finding that is in concordance with the well-described dosimetric benefits of IM RT in NSCLC.

TL;DR: JUNIPER as mentioned in this paper is a randomized study of abemaciclib (200 mg orally every 12 hours) with best supportive care (BSC) versus erlotinib (150 mg orallyevery 24 hours) in patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have detectable Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) mutations and whose disease has progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy and 1 other previous therapy, or who are not eligible for further chemotherapy.

TL;DR: If the primary endpoint of PFS is met, the erlotinib plus bevacizumab combination will be confirmed as the best first-line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC harboring activating EGFR mutations.

TL;DR: The Shh pathway is associated with resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC and the cisplatin-vismodegib combination displayed a synergistic cytotoxic effect in the most chemoresistant cells in vitro.

TL;DR: Conurrent use of AS did not affect the efficacy or toxicity of erlotinib and gefitinib in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations, and a multivariate analysis identified that AS use was not a significant factor for either PFS or OS.

TL;DR: SCLC with a mesenchymal-like phenotype (c-METHE-cadL) is associated with longer survival and showed a trend toward lower CTCs.

TL;DR: A confirmed case of germline EGFR T790M mutation and a case series of dual/multiple EGFR mutations in patients with lung adenocarcinoma are reported.