Showing papers in "Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology in 1981"

TL;DR: The specific UDP glucuronosyltransferase activity lowered considerably during the cooling of environmental temperature, and thereafter an increase in both sexes was observed towards the spawning time (significantly higher in females) and coming summer.

TL;DR: It is concluded that liver accounts for more triacylglycerol synthesis than adipose tissue which is adapted for the uptake and storage of preforned fatty acids.

TL;DR: The rainbow trout showed higher hepatic and intestinal biotransformation activities than the other species and high UDPglucuronosyltransferase activities were found in the liver and intestine.

TL;DR: The dermis responded (stiffened) to some chemicals: acetylcholine, high potassium seawater, a factor in coelomic fluid of sea cucumbers, and the homogenate of the dermis ofSea cucumbers.

TL;DR: Possible consequences of mercury-induced enhancement of mucus production for the respiratory and osmoregulatory functions of the gill epithelium of rainbow trout are discussed.

TL;DR: Serum amyloid P-component, C-reactive protein, and total protein concentrations were measured in the serum over the 25-day period following injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, Freund's complete adjuvant, turpentine, carrageenan or etiocholanolone.

TL;DR: It is concluded that a change in the permeability characteristics of the gills for water, rather than an inhibition of the Na + −K + -ATPase of thegills, is the primary reason for the mercury-induced effects on osmoregulation in rainbow trout.

TL;DR: Patterns of carp hepatic microsomal enzyme activities and responses to inhibitors resemble those seen in hepaticmicrosomes from 3-methylcholanthrene induced mammalian species, i.e. are cytochrome P448-like.

TL;DR: The effects of anaesthesia induced by immersion in urethane (3%), ethanol (2%) or seawater at 4°C were compared in octopus vulgaris.

TL;DR: Zinc may be able to replace divalent cations as cofactors or substrates thus accounting for the observed ATP hydrolysis and demonstrate the need to perform enzyme assays at or near the preferred temperature of the fish.

TL;DR: The gastrocnemius muscle contained a significantly higher zinc concentration than either the heart or pectoral muscle and there was also a positive correlation between the levels of cadmium in the livers and kidneys.

TL;DR: The amino acid composition was similar to a cadmium-binding protein of mussels reported by other researchers and the relatively low amounts of half-cystine and the presence of aromatic amino acids and histidine were not characteristic of metallothionein.

TL;DR: The bony fishes were found to contain the highest amounts of metabolites, and Unchanged phenanthrene was the most prominent compound in the green gland of Norway lobster.

TL;DR: Most tissues of the same type from rat and human origin had comparable activities, excepted rat liver and testes which were 7- and 3-fold higher respectively, and rat muscle which was 10-fold lower than similar activities in human tissues.

TL;DR: The observed alteration in corticosterone concentration could reduce tolerance to temperature and dietary fluctuations in the environment and reduce tolerance in ducks chronically exposed to crude oil.

TL;DR: Cytochromes P -450 in barnacles might be functionally related to the status of hormones regulating development and reproduction, with none of the complexity seen in vertebrates.

TL;DR: The worms seem to be devoid of transmethylase activity and “ligandin” properties, and the molecular weight, as established by gel filtration, was slightly lower for GSH S-transferase in the worm Eisenia foetida than in rat liver.

TL;DR: The natural enantiomer L-[14C]tryptophan was more strongly bound than the D-enantiomer for all animals studied, which included two avian species.

TL;DR: The uptake of radiolabelled phosphine by a resistant strain of Rhyzopertha dominica was much reduced compared to that of the susceptible strain, and the production of metabolites was qualitatively the same in both strains though the resistant insects metabolised a higher percentage of the absorbed dose.

TL;DR: The toxicity data for cadmium, 48 hr LC 50 for water fleas 69 μg Cd/1 and embryo-larval toxicity for rainbow trout 5.0 μg CD/1, agreed with previously reported data.

TL;DR: The promptness and magnitude of the increase in plasma epinephrine and nonepinephrine level is adequate to account for the pressor response to angiotensin II in dogfish.

TL;DR: Release of [3H]lysine-labelled peptides from the neurointermediate lobe of black adapted Xenopus laevis was studied using a microsuperfusion system and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis and it appeared that all newly synthesized peptide, inclusive the precursor for these peptides, were concomitantly released.

TL;DR: The neurones of recently aestivating snails had about twice the activity of cells from continually nonaestivating animals and the FMRFamide-like factor in the giant cell F1 is probably the same as that found in whole brain extracts.

TL;DR: Arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, the precursors of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGE3, represent 3 and 9% respectively of the total fatty acids isolated from plaice skin and could influence the inflammatory response resulting from the release of PGE2 in plaICE skin.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the distribution of AlDH in mouse liver is different from that in rat liver and that the differences in enzyme activity among the mouse strains may play some role in their behavioral responses to ethanol.

TL;DR: Cu levels in the water decreased with distance from the estuary and this decrease was accompanied by a fall in Cu concentrations in M. edulis and Littorina rudis, and no significant trend was observed in the flesh weight of L. rudis.

TL;DR: It is suggested that estrogenic and/or proestrogenic xenobiotics from the environment of the fish induces the formation of this protein (VLP), in non-reproductive resistant fish, which can bind and transport insecticides.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the drug is bound to the parasite and support the hypothesis that the toxic effect of sodium stibogluconate on the parasite is not a direct one.

TL;DR: The results were consistent with the hypotheses that 5-hydroxytryptamine triggers release of a red pigment-dispersing hormone and that dopamine triggersRelease of aRed pigment-concentrating hormone in Uca pugilator.

TL;DR: The monooxygenase activity seems to be very sensitive to temperature and it is already inactivated at temperatures above 20°C and the UDPglucuronosyltransferase activity in vendace gills was much higher than in the liver of all the species studied.