Showing papers in "Earth and Planetary Science Letters in 1978"

TL;DR: A simple model for the development and evolution of sedimentary basins is proposed in this paper, which consists of a rapid stretching of continental lithosphere, which produces thinning and passive upwelling of hot asthenosphere.

TL;DR: The mixing equation applied by Vollmer [1] to Pb and Sr isotope ratios is shown to be a general equation applicable to consideration of element and isotope ratio.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the evolution of Apollo 15 green glass and found that the ICE age of 3.8 + or - 0.4 eons overlaps the range of reported (Ar-39)-(Ar-40) ages and implies a distinct source region for green glass.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors classified ultramafic inclusions from San Carlos, Arizona into two groups: Group I inclusions are dominated by magnesian (Mg/Mg + ΣFe= 0.86-0.91), olivine-rich peridotites containing Cr-rich clinopyroxene and spinel.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used biostratigraphic data from the COST B-2 well to examine the origin of the subsidence of the continental margin off New York.

TL;DR: In this paper, the present status of the utilization of trace elements in igneous processes, which acknowledges the deep-seated conviction of Paul Gast that the trace element approach was at least as powerful as experimental petrology to solve the major petrological problems.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of these minerals on the rare earth elements (REE) patterns of granitic melts during partial melting or differentiation are exaggerated as compared to basaltic systems, making detection of residual phases easier.

TL;DR: Partitioning of Ni between olivine and silicate melt has been determined for compositions in the system Fo-Ab-An (1 atm) for temperatures ranging from 1250°C to 1450°c.

TL;DR: In this paper, Pb isotopic compositions and U, Th, and Pb concentrations of basalts from the island of Hawaii were reported. But the results of the study were limited to the island and not to all the islands of Hawaii.

TL;DR: In this article, a small fraction of river dissolved organic matter is preferentially and rapidly flocculated during estuarine mixing and this fraction is the high molecular weight component of dissolved humic acids (0.45−0.1 μm filtered).

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that Cordilleran tectonics, including high mountains and broad zones of deformation, are present on the margins of the eastern Pacific where the subducted oceanic lithosphere is younger than about 50 m.y.

TL;DR: In this paper, Euler vectors (relative angular velocity vectors) have been determined for twelve major plates by global inversion of carefully selected sea-floor spreading rates, transform fault trends, and earthquake slip vectors.

TL;DR: In this article, the ages of Pb-Pb and Rb-Sr internal isochrons have been determined in the Saint Severin amphoterite and the initial ratio is 4.61 ± 0.15 b.y.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors found olivine to be the liquidus phase from 1 atm to 10.5 kbar where it is replaced by clinopyroxene.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the scale of isotopic heterogeneity in a partially molten asthenosphere and assess the available experimental data on diffusion kinetics in minerals and melts similar to those existing in the mantle, showing that a fluid-free mantle can maintain a state of disequilibrium on a centimeter scale for periods of 108 to 109 years.

TL;DR: In this paper, a laboratory experiment was carried out in which the flocculation products, formed from the mixing of filtered (0.4 μm) river water and seawater, were analysed.

TL;DR: The primary δD values of the biotites and hornblendes in granitic batholiths are remarkably constant at about −50 to −85, identical to the values in regional metamorphic rocks, marine sediments and greenstones, and most weathering products in temperate climates as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived a relation for total earth heat loss as a function of the rate of plate creation and the amount of heat transported to the base of plates, which suggests that a significant proportion of the heat loss in the Archaean must have taken place by the processes of plate creating and subduction.

TL;DR: Samples dredged from the sediment mounds have a unique chemistry and mineralogy which reveals details of the hydrothermal processes that produce these deposits as discussed by the authors, where the mounds form primarily by deposition of Fe, Mn and Si from hydrotherm fluids which circulate through the basalt crust and the overlying sediments.

TL;DR: The Onverwacht data combined with all published oxygen isotope data for cherts suggest a secular trend similar to that initially suggested by Perry (1967) in which younger cherts are progressively enriched in18O as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The initial gradient of dissolved sulfate in the pore waters of anoxic marine sediments, representing a wide variety of environments from the deep-sea to estuaries, has been found to be directly proportional, within a factor of two, to the rate of sedimentation as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors suggest that the anomalous transverse ridges are not the result of excess volcanism, but rather of tectonic uplift of upper mantle and crustal blocks.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined the best differentiation age for eucrites 4.57 ± 0.13 b.y. which is better than any previous determination, and (87Sr/86Sr)BABIBI = 0.69899 − 0.00004.

TL;DR: In this paper, four major isotopic groups are recognized: (1) C1 and C2 carbonaceous chondrites, (2) enstatite chondrite, (3) C3 chondites, and (4) ordinary chondritic.

TL;DR: In this paper, a falling-sphere method was used to determine the viscosity and density of anhydrous albite and jadeite melts, and the melting curve of albite showed an inflexion at about 16 kbar.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined available marine geophysical and seismological data from the Caroline Sea region and concluded that a separate Caroline plate currently exists, which is a separate body of plate that is moving relative to the Pacific plate on its northern and eastern boundaries.

TL;DR: A broad zone of dominantly subaerial silicicic volcanism associated with regional extensional faulting developed in southern South America during the Middle Jurassic, contemporaneously with the initiation of plutonism along the present Pacific continental margin this article.

TL;DR: In this article, the chemistry of 33 basaltic rocks dredged from the West Mariana basin and from the Mariana trench during the R/V “Dmitry Mendeleev” 1976 cruise in the western Pacific is described.

TL;DR: The orthorhombic MgSiO3 perovskite has been synthesized with the aid of a double-stage split-sphere-type high-pressure apparatus at about 280 kbar and 1000°C.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the two-error regression technique to determine the quality of fit and in some cases underestimating the error limits assigned to the isochron parameters.