Showing papers in "European Journal of Agronomy in 2006"

TL;DR: It was concluded that inhibition of germination at the same water potential of NaCl and PEG resulted from osmotic effect rather than salt toxicity, and hydropriming increased germination and seedling growth under salt and drought stresses.

TL;DR: In this article, a field experiment was carried out on wheat and chickpea with various weeding (0, 1, or 2 hand-weeding operations) and row spacing (20- or 30-cm) treatments in the eastern plateau region of India over consecutive five winter seasons (1997/2001).

TL;DR: It is inferred that mixed intercropping of faba bean in normal barley culture at a density not less than 37.5% of the sole faba Bean density may give better overall yield and income than sole culture of each crop species.

TL;DR: Investigation in durum wheat varieties Creso, Simeto and Svevo found the increase of seeding rate increased both the post-heading dry matter accumulation and the dry matter remobilization from vegetative plant parts to grain.

TL;DR: Four trials were conducted to study the grain magnesium, zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentrations in bread wheat, finding high genotype effects and Spearman rank correlations indicated moderate genotype by environment (G x E) interactions, so breeding for high Mg concentration can reasonably be envisaged.

TL;DR: In this article, the intensity of agricultural production was assessed in 25 landscape test sites across temperate Europe using a standardised farmer questionnaire and the intensity indicators, nitrogen input (to arable crops and to permanent grassland), density of livestock units and number of pesticide applications (herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and retardants), were recorded and integrated into an overall intensity index.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used hyperspectral canopy reflectance data to predict four crop variables: leaf area index, leaf dry weight, leaf N concentration, and leaf N density.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of mineral nutrition and temperature on accumulation and composition of protein in wheat grains and on baking quality were studied under controlled environments under a moderate temperature regimen of 24 °C days and 17 °C nights (24/17 °C) under a post-anthesis N:P:K 20:20:20 (NPK) supplied by continuous drip irrigation.

TL;DR: SiriusQuality1 provides a simple mechanistic framework that explains environmental effects on grain protein concentration and composition and confirmed that accumulation of grain N is overall source- rather than sink-regulated, at least under non-luxury N conditions.

TL;DR: The results show that pod abortion is one of the key traits impacting on seed yield in chickpeas exposed to terminal drought and that irrespective of differences in phenology, kabuli types have greater pod abortion than desi types when water deficits develop shortly after first pod set.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that N stress indirectly affects cotton growth, as N deficiency decreased fiber length, strength and micronaire primarily in flowering groups with large percentage of bolls, and K deficiency adversely affects reproductive growth, boll weight, and sugar translocation in cotton.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of heat stress on grain dry mass and quality were investigated in spring wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.). Three cultivars were chosen with respect to heat tolerance: Lavett (genotype 1), selected for temperate growing conditions and two CIMMYT cultivars, Ciano-79 (generative 2) and Attila (generating heat sensitive and heat tolerant varieties for warm environments).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the relationship between yield and protein concentration in wheat and found that the relationship is primarily determined at the stem level and that the grain itself is more limiting for starch synthesis than for protein synthesis and overall any increase in yield is followed by an increase of N utilisation and use efficiency.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a calibrated crop growth simulation model to quantify wheat yields for potential and water-limited production situations using 40 years of weather data from 32 meteorological stations in the North China Plain (NCP).

TL;DR: Data from a field experiment conducted on a fertile sandy loess in the Hercynian dry region of central Germany were used to determine the energy efficiency of winter oilseed rape as affected by previous crop and nitrogen (N) fertilization.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied soil organic carbon (SOC) pools using physical fractionation in two long-term arable field experiments in Hungary (Martonvasar and Keszthely), which started in 1950 and 1963, respectively.

TL;DR: Nitrogen budget at harvest was clearly influenced by applied fertilizer and plant uptake, whereas nutrient losses as ammonia volatilization and nitrate leaching and natural supplies along with precipitation played a less relevant role.

TL;DR: The time course of the reproductive phase and the N repartition in the plant suggest that a threshold in grain filling or in shoot nitrogen decrease could be the internal signal triggering senescence of uppermost leaves.

TL;DR: Mustard genotypes (JM 25 and JM 33) with greater tolerance to stressful environments showed above average phenotypic stability and Seed yield was strongly correlated to final above ground dry matter, post-anthesis drymatter, harvest index (HI), total number of pods/plant, 1000 seed weight, final plant height and number of primary branches.

TL;DR: Grain selection could be used to increase the nutritional value of wheat products, since einkorn appears to be a parent of interest for breeding, since it presents a high carotenoid concentration to LOX activity ratio, a selection criteria that predicts an optimal conservation of carotanoid pigments in bread.

TL;DR: In this article, a simple model of olive orchard productivity based on the Radiation-Use Efficiency (RUE) concept of Monteith is presented. But it is difficult to provide solutions to the numerous management questions using a pure experimental approach.

TL;DR: It is concluded that attainment of high LAI that reduces soil water evaporation, intercepts and converts radiation into dry matter efficiently, and partitioning of the dry matter to the seed is the major requirement of a high seed yield in grain legumes in semi-arid environments.

TL;DR: In this article, the role of the chlorophyll meter was evaluated to identify sites in which application of a third dressing increases yield, and decide if a supplemental N application would increase grai n N concentration; predict wheat yield and grain N concentration at harvest.

TL;DR: Results concerning crop yield revealed that irrigation of olive trees from the beginning of pit hardening could be recommended, at least in the experimental conditions of this study and in view of differences between genotypes.

TL;DR: Neither the water input by rainfall and irrigation nor the climatic water balance adequately described the growth of the leaves or taproot, but it was shown that the increase in taproot dry matter during July and August depended on the amount of available water in the soil.

TL;DR: Cotton and sorghum yields and N uptake can be optimized and potentials for soil erosion and N leaching can be reduced by using conservation tillage, such as no-till or strip till, with vetch/rye biculture cover crop and 60–65 kg N ha −1 .

TL;DR: It is concluded, that choosing a resistant cultivar is a powerful tool to ensure a low DON concentration in wheat grain even under highly infectious conditions and enables farmers to make use of the benefits of conservation tillage and, simultaneously, produce high quality wheat grain.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of different genotypes of sugar beet on water-use efficiency and showed that the genotype's sensitivity of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence was correlated with the severity of the drought.

TL;DR: In this paper, a computer-based diagnosis tool was developed and used to characterise the typology of soil water deficit experienced by grapevine in field sites over the cropping season with the aim of producing acceptable yields and achieving good quality red wine.

TL;DR: In this article, a model was developed for a frequent and harmful weed, i.e., Alopecurus myosuroides Huds, to simulate the effects of cropping systems on black-grass emergence, in interaction with seed characteristics, tillage and soil climate.