Showing papers in "Fungal Ecology in 2009"

TL;DR: The recently discovered roles played by many entomopathogenic fungi are reviewed and new research strategies focused on alternate uses for these fungi are proposed.

TL;DR: Data from studies of AM, ECM and ERM colonisation along a latitudinal transect through the Arctic indicate that the frequency of plant species not colonised by mycorrhizas increases at higher latitudes, largely owing to an increase in non-mycorrhIZal and a decrease in obligately myCorrhizal plant families at more northerly locations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions of rDNA followed by cloning to determine the fungi present in soil from three sites at Mars Oasis in the southern maritime Antarctic.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the structures of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities may be ecologically important in terms of ecosystem C and N dynamics.

TL;DR: Diversity of anaerobic fungal populations in cattle revealed by selective enrichment culture using different carbon sources by Griffith, G. W., Ozkose, E. and Theodorou, M. (2009).

TL;DR: Mesh treatments had no effect on seedling mycorrhizal colonization, richness, or diversity, suggesting that MN-mediated colonization was not an essential mechanism by which EM communities were perpetuated to seedlings, and wind-borne and soil inoculum played an important role in seedling colonization.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that members of the Helotiales, including several widely-recognised DSE genera, commonly colonise the roots of C. quitensis and D. antarctica in the Antarctic.

TL;DR: Current knowledge of the physiology and ecology of zoospores lags far behind knowledge of phylogenetic relationships, so some aspects of the ecology of fungal Zoospores are discussed in this review.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the molecular tools now exist to quantitatively analyse the effect of environment, management or inoculation of soils on AMF communities within roots.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the physiological differences required to support the concept of niche differentiation amongst ectomycorrhizal fungi exist in the field.

TL;DR: Torzilli et al. as mentioned in this paper used ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) to assess salt-marsh fungal diversity and showed that the importance of substrate type is an important factor in determining fungal community composition.

TL;DR: In the combined analysis of ITS and elongation factor 1-α sequence data, isolates of B. dothidea from Australia and South Africa form distinct sub-clades and needs to be understood if Asphondylia species are to be utilised for biological control of invasive Australian acacias.

TL;DR: Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that species distribution patterns were closely related to the major environmental-complex gradients associated with differences in elevation/temperature/moisture conditions that occur from one locality to another; and the different types of microhabitat.

TL;DR: It is suggested that C. geophilum is the dominant ectomycorrhizal fungus and is distributed ubiquitously in coastal pine forests of Japan.

TL;DR: Positive evidence for the horizontal transmission of P. scopiformis and its apparent specificity to P. glauca under field conditions is found.

TL;DR: The results suggest that black rats might perform an important spore dispersal role in degraded and fragmented landscapes where native rodents have been extirpated, and might complement the disperseal role played by larger mycophagous mammals like swamp wallabies.

TL;DR: Ectomycorrhizal community structure and functioning is closely linked to soil nutrient availability, which is strongly affected by liming, and liming was the major determinant of fungal community structure, then tree host.

TL;DR: The results show that the study area is rich in nematode destroying fungi with A. oligospora being widespread and a possible candidate for biological control of plant parasitic nematodes.

TL;DR: It cannot exclude the possibility that the population genetic structure underlying E. muscae epidemics could be panmictic consisting of several lineages with a high level of reciprocal migration.

TL;DR: A high potential for transition from local to systemic infection was found, at least in ornamental sunflower cultivation under the typical weather conditions in Central Europe, and questions the paradigm that economically and epidemiologically relevant sunflower downy mildew incidences are only derived from subterranean infections.

TL;DR: The data show that the sclerotia characteristics of A. flavus and A. parasiticus were influenced by natural phytochemicals and modifications of growth media and water potential to prevent the survival of Aspergillus species in grain.

TL;DR: Through effects on basidiocarp production, higher log diameter could promote higher sexual spore production and dispersal hence a higher genetic variability and viable populations of wood-decay species.

TL;DR: The study indicates that vegetative stages of most protostelids seem to be able to survive and probably multiply on litter submerged in fresh water, but do not live as plankton.

TL;DR: Overall, while SSU appeared to be influential in determining fungal community structure, community changes were largely driven by interacting environmental factors.