Showing papers in "Journal of Clinical Epidemiology in 2001"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated standard error, precision (inverse of standard error), variance, inverse of variance, sample size and log sample size (vertical axis) and log odds ratio, log risk ratio and risk difference (horizontal axis).

TL;DR: The existing multiple test procedures are summarized for the most important multiplicity situations and it is emphasized that adjustments for multiple testing are required in confirmatory studies whenever results from multiple tests have to be combined in one final conclusion and decision.

TL;DR: It is concluded that split-sample validation is inefficient, and bootstrapping is recommended for estimation of internal validity of a predictive logistic regression model.

TL;DR: Angiography recommendations appear to select patients who are likely to benefit from the procedure and the consequent interventions, and the 3-year survival benefit was largest for patients rated necessary and smallest for those rated uncertain.

TL;DR: It is found comorbidity in general to be associated with mortality, quality of life, and health care, and the consequences of specific disease combinations depended on many factors.

TL;DR: This study provides a fall-risk screening test based on four easily measurable predictors that can be used for fall- risk stratification in community-dwelling elderly.

TL;DR: Substantial shortcomings were found in both use of LR and reporting of results, and it is recommended that authors, reviewers, and editors pay greater attention to guidelines concerning the use and Reporting of LR models.

TL;DR: The article examines the possibility that some of this "deviation from truth" may be the result of artifacts introduced by the masked RCT itself, and indicates that the double-blind RCT may not be objective in the realist sense, but rather is objective in a "softer" disciplinary sense.

TL;DR: Whether there is evidence that randomized controlled trials are systematically beneficial, or harmful, for patients is assessed to examine whether the evidence sheds light on the likely sources of the difference in outcomes and potential biases.

TL;DR: It is concluded that responsiveness should be considered a highly contextualized attribute of an instrument, rather than a static property, and should be described only in that way in the new taxonomy.

TL;DR: This article provides an up-to-date review of the literature on medication adherence in chronic disease and recommends a number of strategies to improve adherence to treatment regimens.

TL;DR: There was no association between demographic or health variables and the tendency toward discrepancy between self-report and computerized utilization record reports, however, there was a tendency for the discrepancy to increase as the amount of record utilization increased.

TL;DR: A brief, self-reported HIV symptom index tailored to patients exposed to multidrug antiretroviral therapies and protease inhibitors has demonstrated construct validity, and offers a simple and rational approach to measuring HIV symptoms for clinical management, patient-oriented research, and adverse drug reporting.

TL;DR: It is concluded that physical exercise and cigarette smoking appear to protect against development of clinical BPH, and elevated free PSA levels predictclinical BPH independent of total PSA Levels.

TL;DR: In these elderly men prevalent morbidity and comorbidity was relatively common and it explained a large proportion of excess in all-cause mortality in 10 years of follow-up.

TL;DR: Indicators of the metabolic syndrome are moderately stable from childhood and adolescence into young adulthood, and principal components analysis revealed a composite risk factor index (RFI) of 0.46.

TL;DR: It is confirmed that dementia and cognitive impairment are the main contributors to institutionalization in the elderly, independently of their sociodemographic status, social network, or functional status.

TL;DR: It is confirmed that Mongo ethnic group is associated with an increased risk of OAG, and age, sex, ethnicity, family history of glaucoma, the length of stay in Kinshasa, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, alcohol, diet habits are presented.

TL;DR: It is suggested that higher WBC counts are a predictor of CHD mortality independent of the effects of smoking and other traditional CVD risk factors, which may indicate a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis ofCHD.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors elaborate on questions such as: what is the concept of quality of individual studies (RCTs), can quality be measured validly and reliably? Plans for future research on this issue are proposed.

TL;DR: The results showed that those with hypertension scored lower in the linear regression analyses in most of the eight domains of the SF-36 than those without hypertension after controlling for age, sex, sociodemographic factors, and comorbidity.

TL;DR: Physical performance decreased, and disease frequency increased, in association with decreasing self-reported mobility function, across three self-report categories: High Function, Preclinical Disability (Task Modification but No Difficulty) and Disability (Difficulty).

TL;DR: A critique is presented of the use of tree-based partitioning algorithms to formulate classification rules and identify subgroups from clinical and epidemiological data, and the issue of redundancy in tree-derived decision rules is discussed.

TL;DR: The Faroese provide an ideal location to determine the nature of multiple sclerosis affection (PMSA), since the disease has remained geographically stable for 50 years without further spread throughout the islands.

TL;DR: Choices regarding the number and type of diseases studied have great impact on the observed incidence and prevalence rates of comorbidity and multimorbidities and which analytic approaches are available for the evaluation of multiple pathology.

TL;DR: Those with asthma are less likely to be employed at all, while among those remaining on the job, rhinitis is a more potent cause of decreased work effectiveness.

TL;DR: Locomotive diseases, insomnia, sinusitis, migraine, depression, stomach or duodenal ulcers and cancer were significantly more common in the subject group than in the control group, and high blood pressure, insomnia and heart disease were most common.

TL;DR: The model offers good medical plausibility and satisfactory predictive performance and can be used by national health agencies to compute expected first fall rates accounting for case mix, and hospitals can use these rates for evaluation.

TL;DR: Body fat distribution has independent effects on lung function that are more prominent in men than women, and larger values of WHR were associated with greater reductions of forced vital capacity in 1 s.

TL;DR: Higher stage-specific mortality rates and more advanced stage at diagnosis both contribute to the higher case-fatality rates from colorectal cancer among black adults, only some of which is due to socioeconomic differences.