Showing papers in "Journal of Clinical Epidemiology in 2007"

TL;DR: The criteria can be used in systematic reviews of health status questionnaires, to detect shortcomings and gaps in knowledge of measurement properties, and to design validation studies.

TL;DR: A hierarchy of evidence-for-practice specific to qualitative methods provides a useful guide for the critical appraisal of papers using these methods and for defining the strength of evidence as a basis for decision making and policy generation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a method for the sample size calculation when ANCOVA is used and derived an approximate sample size formula for small randomized clinical trials that compare two treatments on a continuous outcome using analysis of covariance or a t -test approach.

TL;DR: A single question with either a Likert Scale or VAS response may be an adequate replacement for the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and may be useful for research purposes when researchers have very limited time or questionnaire space.

TL;DR: The developed procedures are generally applicable in linkage of health data with partially identifying information and provide useful source date even if cohorts are only partly overlapping and if within the cohort, multiple entities and twins exist.

TL;DR: The Millennium Cohort was successfully launched and is becoming especially relevant, given current deployment and exposure concerns, and promises to provide new insight into the long-term effects of military occupations on health for years to come.

TL;DR: This study shows that predictors of sickness absence can be identified in a homogeneous manner and provides leads to public health interventions to successfully improve psychosocial health and to reduce sickness absence.

TL;DR: These analyses suggest that although the Millennium Cohort compares favorably to other populations, there are military subpopulations, including women, younger, less educated, single, white, short-term service, enlisted, and Army members, who are at greater odds for some mental disorders.

TL;DR: Especially when outcomes are common, relative risks and confidence intervals are easily computed indirectly from multivariable logistic regression, and log-linear regression models, by contrast, are problematic when outcome are common.

TL;DR: The Postoperative Morbidity Survey is a reliable and valid survey of short-term postoperative morbidity in major elective surgery and many patients remain in hospital without any morbidity as recorded by the POMS.

TL;DR: A systematic review of studies with a primary focus on strategies to retain participants in health care research was conducted by as discussed by the authors, where the authors conducted a systematic review with the goal of identifying strategies to limit participant attrition.

TL;DR: The CONSORT guidelines improved RCT reporting when they were implemented but did not substantially improve reported attrition rates, which may undermine the credibility of published randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

TL;DR: Combining IPD and AD is a relevant issue for evidence synthesis, and the further development and validation of suitable meta-analysis methods is needed.

TL;DR: The Pda method seems to perform better than P&P in most of the selected outcomes, and technical malfunction is the chief disadvantage with the PDA method.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the rationale, potential problems and solutions of using composite endpoints (CEPs) for the assessment of intervention effects and concluded that the risk of misinterpretation when heterogeneity among components with respect to either patient importance or magnitude of treatment effects was the most salient disadvantage.

TL;DR: This is the first randomized controlled trial to shed light on the issue concerning the hypoglycemic effects of M. charantia and the results can be used to estimate the sample size for bigger studies.

TL;DR: By considering fundamental principles, it may be possible to identify approaches that are different than those used in drug development, while preserving reliability and efficiency, in the process to develop molecular markers for cancer diagnosis.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that ICD-9 codes of selected serious infections from hospital discharge files can be used as substitutes for chart-based diagnoses.

TL;DR: It is confirmed that missing values may cause both systematic and unpredictable bias in CTs and further efforts should be made to minimize protocol deviations and to use better statistical methods to highlight the drawbacks of missing information.

TL;DR: Findings support the possibility that physical activity has an independent effect on functional autonomy among frail and old people.

TL;DR: This note provides a simple method to allow studies that report outcome variability in terms of ranges to be included in systematic reviews by conversion to equivalent standard deviations (SDs).

TL;DR: Limitations are important to understand for placing research findings in context, interpreting the validity of the scientific work, and ascribing a credibility level to the conclusions of published research, and journals should give better guidance and promote the discussion of limitations.

TL;DR: Knowledge of study characteristics affecting participation of GPs and patients may help investigators to improve their study design and fieldwork characteristics as well as success of patient recruitment.

TL;DR: Diagnostic tests evaluation should consider the technical accuracy, the test's place in the clinical pathway, its diagnostic accuracy, and its impact on patient outcome.

TL;DR: The case-cohort design combines the advantages of a prospective cohort study and the efficiency of a case-control design and in the above-mentioned situations, the effect estimates and SE of Prentice's method most resembled the estimates of the full- cohort estimates.

TL;DR: Somatization, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, and a long duration of complaints at baseline were significantly related to the persistence of complaints over 6 months in the total population.

TL;DR: Results suggest walking ≥1 mile per day may provide strong protection from all-cause and non-CHD CVD mortality in older adults with diabetes.

TL;DR: A short, valid MMSE, which is as sensitive and specific as the original MMSE for the screening of cognitive impairments and dementia is attractive for research and clinical practice, particularly if predictive power can be enhanced by combining the short MMSE with neuropsychological tests or informant reports.

TL;DR: In end-stage renal disease patients, self-report agreement with the medical record varies with the specific disease, and African American and male ESRD patients are at risk of low awareness of disease and educational interventions are needed.

TL;DR: Depending on the method for determining utility values used in the calculation of QALYs, very different incremental cost-utility ratios are generated.