Showing papers in "Journal of Clinical Epidemiology in 2008"

TL;DR: It is recommended that the MID is based primarily on relevant patient-based and clinical anchors, with clinical trial experience used to further inform understanding of MID.

TL;DR: TSA may establish when firm evidence is reached in meta-analysis, and six randomly selected neonatal meta-analyses showed early potentially spurious P<0.05 values, establishing firm evidence of an intervention effect.

TL;DR: The contour-enhanced funnel plot is proposed as an aid to differentiating asymmetry due to publication bias from that due to other factors and is simple to implement, widely applicable, and greatly improves interpretability.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed a meta-analysis of published literature to determine which simple index of overweight and obesity is the best discriminator of cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, type-2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia.

TL;DR: TSA reveals insufficient information size and potentially false positive results in many meta-analyses.

TL;DR: The adapted comorbidity index can be used to predict resource utilization and may help to identify targets for reducing high costs, by prospectively identifying those at high risk.

TL;DR: An overview of the research steps that need to follow the development of diagnostic or prognostic prediction rules are provided, including validity assessment, updating, and impact assessment of clinical prediction rules.

TL;DR: The methods of the PROMIS project are likely to substantially improve measures of physical function and to increase the efficiency of their administration using CAT.

TL;DR: The exact likelihood approach is the method of preference and should be used whenever feasible because it performs always better than the approximate approach and gives unbiased estimates.

TL;DR: Meta-analysis provides a robust tool to investigate contradictory results in genetic association studies by estimating population-wide effects of genetic risk factors in diseases and explaining sources of bias and heterogeneity.

TL;DR: When the performance is poor in new patients, updating methods can be applied to adjust the model, rather than to develop a new model.

TL;DR: When estimating relative risks, propensity-score matching resulted in estimates with less bias than did stratification on the quintiles of the propensity score, but stratified estimates with greater precision.

TL;DR: The closely related hierarchical summary ROC curve or bivariate models should be used as the standard method for meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy.

TL;DR: Investigation of discrepancies between direct comparison and adjusted indirect comparison in meta-analyses of new versus conventional pharmaceutical interventions suggested that the indirect method might have produced less biased results than head-to-head randomized trials, and Simulations found that adjustedirect comparison may counterbalance bias under certain circumstances.

TL;DR: Although most models agree on the three most important predictors, many were developed on small sample sizes within single centers and hence lack generalizability.

TL;DR: Multimorbidity was most prevalent in nursing homes, followed by the general population and general practitioner registries and the hospital setting, and combinations of heart diseases had the highest prevalence.

TL;DR: Radar plotting, a form of radial graphing, could have great utility in the presentation of health-related research, especially in situations in which there are large numbers of independent variables, possibly with different measurement scales.

TL;DR: In both questionnaire survey and health check-ups, associations between other study variables and participation were not affected by health status, suggesting that even when the data are not fully representative associations between the study variables need not to be biased.

TL;DR: The summed PHQ-9 score seems a valid and reliable screening instrument for depression in elderly primary care patients with DM and COPD.

TL;DR: At group level, gait velocity and TUG were, from all investigated tests, most sensitive to change and in this perspective the best outcome variables.

TL;DR: An easy mathematical proof is derived investigating the nature of time-dependent bias and whether it always leads to biased effect estimation, which can be avoided by proper hazard-based analyses.

TL;DR: The meta-analysis results change sensitively to the chosen threshold defining large sample sizes, because of the high heterogeneity between the trials, and Shang's results and conclusions are less definite than had been presented.

TL;DR: This work provides a practical approach in which existing statistical methods are applied in the field of reproducibility, thus leading to parameters of reproducecibility which can be interpreted on the original scale.

TL;DR: The article presents a threefold approach: a low P-value as the threshold for stopping at the time of interim analyses, not to look before a sufficiently large number of events has accrued and continuation of enrollment and follow-up for a further period.

TL;DR: Internal consistency and validity of the modified WHODAS-II was generally supported, but use of filter questions impaired measurement properties, including distributional properties, reliability, and validity.

TL;DR: Investigation of primary total hip replacement and total knee replacement surgeries using the Western Ontario McMaster University (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index found improvement that is "a good deal better" is an appropriate threshold for the positive CID.

TL;DR: Researchers should consider the approach to prognosis (explanatory or outcome prediction) and phase of investigation, use best methods to limit biases, report completely, and cautiously interpret results.

TL;DR: There is no simple and completely satisfactory solution to the problem of multiple comparisons in systematic reviews and there is guidance on how to deal with multiplicity when it is unavoidable.

TL;DR: These multimorbidity indexes predict mortality, health service use, help with ADL, and HRQOL in older women with weighted scores having a better chance of discriminating between patient groups than unweighted scores.