Showing papers in "Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases in 2020"

TL;DR: Closing gaps in the care cascade will require investments in a bold and innovative action-oriented research agenda and research on interventions to reduce death and loss to follow-up during treatment should move beyond a focus on monitoring (or observation) strategies.

TL;DR: The goal of reducing tuberculosis (TB) mortality in the END TB Strategy can be achieved if TB deaths are considered predictable and preventable, and programs to examine and address some key gaps in the understanding of the distribution and determinants of TB mortality and the current model of assessment and care in high burden countries.

TL;DR: The gap between notification and the extension of quality program services for provision of treatment and care appears to be growing and there is increasing evidence that quality of TB care in the private sector falls short of international standards in many places and urgently needs improvement.

TL;DR: This work aims to consolidate potential areas of research in the diagnosis and management of spinal TB and to revisit the latest published evidence on its redressal.

TL;DR: This method eliminates the time-consuming phenol and chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation steps, and high quality DNA from up to 96 samples can be extracted in about 2–3 h of hands-on time, suitable for long and short read sequencing technologies as well as PCR and qPCR amplification.

TL;DR: The burden of TB was high in the study setting, and frequent interruption of laboratory reagents and supplies hampered TB screening and diagnostic services, which were the major challenges in the screening and diagnosis of TB.

TL;DR: Clinicians should utilize a combination of diagnostic modalities in order to prevent morbidity in patients with TBM and the availability of Xpert Ultra and point-of-care lipoarabinomannan (LAM) testing could represent a new era of prompt diagnosis and early treatment.

TL;DR: Oral M. vaccae is safe, can overcome TB-associated weight loss and inflammation, reduce hepatotoxicity of TB drugs, improve sputum conversion three-fold, and cut treatment length by at least six-fold.

TL;DR: The data suggest that oral swab sampling, assayed by Xpert, has comparable sensitivity to sputum in participants with high and medium mycobacterial load in thesputum.

TL;DR: This study aims to systematically review quantitative studies evaluating user experience and TB patient satisfaction within the health care system in low and middle-income countries and shows large variability in measurement of user experiences and patient satisfaction.

TL;DR: It is shown that BCG scarring is an essential marker of a well-functioning immune system and plays a role in the Tuberculosis during its active phase development.

TL;DR: There is a need for harmonization of case definitions and reporting standards to optimize TB control programs within Europe and a significant negative correlation between the number of immigrants and TB rate was found.

TL;DR: Gaps in cascade of care remain with referral-based xpert testing in Uganda and systematic approach identified key reasons for gaps at multiple levels, and theory-informed strategy to streamline TB diagnosis reduced the gaps.

TL;DR: The key issues surrounding quality of TB care in the low- and middle-income country pharmacy setting are conceptualised; the empirical evidence on quality of care is examined; and the interventions employed to improve this are reviewed.

TL;DR: Issues to providing patient-centered LTBI services are reviewed and an example framework to formally assess the quality of LTBI patient care is offered, by applying the LTBI cascade of care model.

TL;DR: Health systems across the world have been baffled by the COVID19 pandemic but have become resilient by adapting interesting strategies to overcome these obstacles and its time to unite these forces to build a more resilient health system.

TL;DR: The Commission concludes that the prospect of a TB-free world is a realistic objective that can be achieved with the right commitment of leadership and resources but will only be realized as and when quality of care is prioritized as a central tenet of all TB programs.

TL;DR: To maximize treatment benefits while minimizing toxicity, DST remains an important tool to identify linezolid resistance.

TL;DR: Based on the binding interaction showed, the sulfonamide substituted xanthone has potential being the anti-tuberculosis drugs by KasA inhibitor for target drug activity.

TL;DR: BCG severe adverse events were mostly seen in patients with a traumatic instillation, and a standardized diagnostic and treatment approach should be implemented to help physicians tackle these life-threatening complications.

TL;DR: There is a need for urgent action on identified gaps in the DR-TB cascade in order to improve care continuity at multiple stages, improve health service delivery and facilitate TB control in Nigeria.

TL;DR: In adults and children with PTB and EPTB, the Xpert assay achieved a low positivity detection rate for MTBC in samples from new or previously treated cases, and this could be the result of many factors.

TL;DR: Low prevalence of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant TB among patients treated at PSMMC over a 17-year period is shown, which is needed to get a clear picture of the TB burden across Saudi Arabia and inform national policies for eradication of TB.

TL;DR: This poster presents a probabilistic procedure called a “cell reprograming” that can be used to identify the cells in the immune system that secrete the substance “tournoisomerase”, a substance responsible foricrobial resistance.

TL;DR: A considerable number of patients with NTMLD were not managed in accordance with the German guidelines and a substantial proportion also discontinue therapy prematurely, which should be improved through appropriate referral pathways and collaboration between expert centers and primary or secondary care physicians.

TL;DR: The frequency of dominant lineages in Iran was determined to evaluate the possible relationship of each of the Beijing, Delhi/ Cas, Haarlem and EAI lineages with the first-line drug resistance, especially isoniazid, rifampin and MDR-TB (Multi-drug resistant TB).

TL;DR: It is shown that discordance does exist between different methods of testing, and given the burden of HIV and Tuberculosis in Sub-Saharan Africa, these findings have clinical significance and huge public health implications.

TL;DR: This is the first confirmed case where the patient was cured with explantation only, and macrolide resistant M. Chelonae in healthy hosts is exceedingly rare.

TL;DR: This paper attempts to examine the current state of quality of care extended to patients of TB, and to improve the scope of this care for the affected individuals, by the government, the healthcare system, and the society.

TL;DR: It is recommended to utilize AO staining with LED microscopy for better diagnosis of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) from TB suspected cases and patients with pauci-bacillary TB in Ethiopia.