Showing papers in "Journal of Criminal Justice in 2006"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared perceptions of safety and the fear of personal and property victimization among male and female respondents, and found that respondents' perceptions of their neighborhood as orderly and satisfactory had the largest effect on perceptions.

TL;DR: This paper examined the effect of victimization on delinquency and found that violent victimization significantly predicted later involvement in delinquency, even when controlling for the individual's earlier involvement in crime.

TL;DR: This article found that there were significant costs, both social and economic, to a prisoner's family if they desired to maintain the most basic level of connection with him, and that families and prisoners were put in a position requiring constant negotiation of competing interests.

TL;DR: An overview of the development of school police officers is provided, an outline of issues which should be considered in conceptualizing school policeOfficers, and a discussion of methodological issues pertaining to the assessment of schoolPolice officers are provided.

TL;DR: Using a sample of 1,005 inmates from the southwestern U.S., this article explored racial, ethnic, and citizenship correlates among male and female prisoners and found that Hispanics and Native Americans were the most violent male prisoners, while African Americans and Native American were the more violent female inmates.

TL;DR: A review of the experimental literature on alcohol and interpersonal aggression is presented in this article, where the dominant experimental paradigms are reviewed and a synthesis of findings from seven published meta-analytic studies is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess whether background variables, job stress, and personality traits could predict the work-related well-being (burnout and work engagement) of police members, and find that age, gender, and race explained a small percentage of the variance in exhaustion, cynicism, and vigor/dedication.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the applicability of institutional anomie theory to a form of white-collar crime, embezzlement, as defined by the UCR.

TL;DR: In this paper, the predictive validity of the Level of Service Inventory-Revised (LOSI) was evaluated using a sample of Native American and White offenders in a northern midwestern state.

TL;DR: The authors found that Whites show significantly higher levels of support for capital punishment than Blacks, and that the effect of race/ethnicity on capital punishment support continued to hold while controlling for the effects of nearly all of these "explanations".

TL;DR: The Level of Service Inventory-Revised (LSI-R) is a risk/need assessment instrument that was designed to assist correctional agencies in classifying offenders based upon risk of re-offending, thereby allowing agencies to assign appropriate levels of risk and develop intervention/case-plans accordingly as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Results indicate that prison crowding has little substantive impact on inmate misconduct.

TL;DR: This article presented an alternative explanation for the reoccurring findings of racial/ethnic disparities in searches and seizures, based on research findings regarding the accuracy of clues of deception and suspicious behavior taught to officers through highway criminal interdiction training.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined a more complete model of the classic strain perspective whereby relative deprivation, monetary dissatisfaction, monetary goals, and objective structural factors lead to crime and explored the interactions between these factors and the conditioning effects of peers, beliefs, and attributions.

TL;DR: The results indicated that survey research was by far the dominant mode of acquiring criminological information, that cross-sectional nonexperimental designs still predominated, and that multivariate statistical methods were the norm as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the presentation of sex crime in local television newscasts and found that approximately 10 percent of crime stories were sex related and that sex crime stories are more likely to present fear, while being less likely to appear sensational or report motives.

TL;DR: In this paper, the dimensions of occupational stress of employees of the Department of Correctional Services in a management area of the Freestate Province of South Africa were determined by a cross-sectional design, and a simple random sample (n = 157) was taken.

TL;DR: There was, however, no evidence of a single, uniform career path that all chronic methamphetamine users follow, and the findings suggest that methamphetamine use is a risk factor for violence.

TL;DR: This paper investigated the etiological differences between gang and non-gang homicides at the multivariate level or attempted to examine the relative robustness of the primary explanations of gang homicides, social disorganization and Decker's (1996) collective behavior hypothesis of gang violence.

TL;DR: The negative relationship between age of first arrest and subsequent criminal career severity is well known, however, it lacks empirical specificity as mentioned in this paper, which is the threshold in differentiating early from late starters.

TL;DR: In this article, critical questions about the nature and effects of faith-based reentry programs remain largely unaddressed, however: What is a "faith-based" program? How does or could such a program reduce recidivism and improve other behavioral outcomes among released offenders? What are critical implementation issues that may affect the operations and impacts of such programs?

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the involvement of young African American women in personal violence while living in a disadvantaged neighborhood and highlighted the young women's use of the street code script to establish violent identities and earn respect among their peers.

TL;DR: This article examined the influences of race, gender, and recent court experience on citizens' perceptions of the courts in their communities and found that racial minorities, including Blacks and Latinos, were more likely than Whites to have negative attitudes toward the courts.

TL;DR: This paper used negative binomial regression models to show that women and men residing in a common ecological area are not equally subject to relationship factors that help control criminal behavior, and that women tend to be affected more strongly by such factors than men are.

TL;DR: This article investigated the relationship between indicators of interracial and intraracial economic inequality and violent crime rates, including White-On-Black, White-on-White, Black-onWhite, and Black-OnBlack offenses, using data drawn from the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the census.

TL;DR: This article examined the institutional affiliations of authors in leading criminology and criminal justice journals in the subsequent five-year period after their study and found that the University of Cincinnati and University of Maryland were the most productive institutions.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper examined the rate of change for property and violent crimes in China and employed longitudinal methods to analyze the crime series, and extended the conclusions of modernization theories regarding general crime patterns during modernization.

TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual framework for examining discretion, criminal justice decision-making, and criminal justice system behavior is proposed, using Gottfredson and Hirschi's self-control construct for theoretical leverage.

TL;DR: This article explored the causes of disproportionate minority contact (DMC) from the clientele perspective using focus group discussions and interviews with the stakeholders, and found that the causes and mechanisms of DMC were multi-faceted and complex.

TL;DR: This article conducted an interrupted time series analysis of juvenile arrests in San Bernardino and surrounding cities before and after the implementation of Operation Nightlight, which paired police officers with probation officers to conduct enhanced supervision of juvenile probationers.