Showing papers in "Journal of Management in 1992"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss six theoretical models (behavioral perspective, cybernetic models, agency-transaction cost theory, resource-based view of the firm, power/resource dependence models, and institutional theory) that are useful for understanding both strategic and non-strategic determinants of HR practices.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors go beyond description and suggest causal linkages that hypothesize how performance is affected and how effective change occurs, and depict change in terms of both process and content, with particular emphasis on transformational as compared with transactional factors.

TL;DR: For instance, this article found that feedback, job autonomy, skill variety, and opportunity for promotion contributed significantly to the explanation of variance in perceptions of organizational politics, after controlling for variance due to organization.

TL;DR: In this paper, a system model that integrates four components of a firm's "distinctive competencies" (managerial competencies and strategic focus, resource-based, transformation-based and output-based competencies) is proposed.

TL;DR: In this article, a review examines the performance appraisal literature published in both academic and practitioner outlets between 1985 and 1990, briefly discusses the current state of performance appraisal practice, highlights the juxtaposition of research and practice, and suggests directions for further research.

TL;DR: In this article, a longitudinal study was conducted of transformational leadership and the performance of project groups in three industrial research and development organizations, and it was found that transformational leaders predicted higher project quality and budget/schedule performance ratings at time I and one-year later at time 2.

TL;DR: In this article, the causal relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment was investigated using a combination of pseudo-generalized least squares, and full information maximum likelihood estimation procedures, and the results supported the commitment-causes-satisfaction model.

TL;DR: This paper reviewed and summarized two decades of empirical literature concerned with both direct and moderating variable-based analyses of the relationship of organizational stress with job satisfaction and job performance and provided four guidelines for improving the quality of both theoretical rigor and methodological robustness in this important area of organizational inquiry.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors review and summarize the literature on cross-functional organization forms that has been published since 1976, focusing on the commonalities of the literatures that deal with matrix organization and project management.

TL;DR: In this article, an approach to the understanding of women's careers that takes into account non-work as well as work issues is presented, incorporating subjective and objective measures of career and life success, incorporating the influence of personal, organizational, and societalfactors on women's choices and outcomes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a selective review of important issues, themes, and topics regarding the effects of personality on organizational behavior, focusing on positive affectivity and negative affectivity as the key dispositional determinants of affective reactions at work.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine four factors that shape the relationship between innovation and competitive advantage and compare the routes to corporate entrepreneurship (research and development units, intrapreneurshiplinternal ventures, external joint ventures and acquisition) in terms of these criteria.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provided evidence that collective strategy is prevalent in small firms in fragmented industries and found that agglomerate and organic collective strategies are the most frequently employed, and that munificent environments were positively associated with collective behavior and performance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined how agency problems affect the dynamics of internal corporate entrepreneurship and the level of entrepreneurial behavior, and suggested solutions to agency problems that also promote internal corporate entrepreneurial behavior.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a measure of the innovation management process, specifically organizational norms toward innovation, and examined its relationship to innovation (as measured by effective entrepreneurial strategy) in combination with measures of organizational structure and environment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effect of commitment propensity (a summary concept comprising personal characteristics and experiences that individuals bring to the organization) on the development of subsequent organizational commitment and voluntary turnover.

TL;DR: A test of the complete Job Characteristics Model (Hackman & Oldham, 1976, 1980) was conducted, with particular emphasis on the little-investigated mediating and moderating effects specified by the model as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a study with 152 members of a large urban hospital and found that the relationship between the quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) and subordinate performance is moderated by perceptions of task analyzability and variety.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify and explore issues associated with the use of participation in conjunction with Organization Development activities and suggest that practitioners pay more attention to combining individual and organization development efforts and that researchers devote more energy to exploring the effects of mediating variables on participation outcomes.

TL;DR: In this article, the antecedents of personal goal level, and antecedent and consequences of goal commitment based on 78 goal-setting studies were examined. And the results of the meta-analyses on the consequences of personal commitment showed goal commitment to significantly affect goal achievement.

TL;DR: This article explored the relationships between the environmental scanning activities of chief executives from a single industry and their organizations' strategies, on the premise that executives employing different types of Porter's generic business-level strategies would use different scanning activities.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of transaction cost efficiency in generating subsidiary governance structures is redefined to be compatible with the demands of these additional considerations of the multinational strategic manager, and the perspective described here suggests that strategy-making under conditions of uncertainty and the drive to gain competitive advantage from deployment of firm-specific resources are important issues in the internalization decision of the MNE in a host market.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the moderating effects of growth need strength (GNS) and context satisfactions (viz., pay, job security, co-worker, and supervision) on the relations among the core job characteristics, critical psychological states, and work outcomes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined a number of issues involving the conceptualization and measurement of work value congruence using interpersonal value comparisons and made comparisons for supervisor-subordinate pairs using work value-congruence indexes composed of single versus multiple value measures and specific versus general value measures.

TL;DR: This article investigated how punishment of varying severity (no punishment, appropriate punishment, and harsh punishment) in response to unethical organizational behavior influenced observers' outcome expectancies, justice evaluations, and emotional responses.

TL;DR: In this paper, the threat-rigidity model about organizational responses to financial adversity was used to find that decreasing funding levels and numbers of funding sources will be associated with four classes of rigidities in organizations: (a) restriction in information processing (rigid use of existing organizational procedures), constriction of control (less participative decision making), conservation of resources (work force reduction), and competition among members).

TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between work conditions and substance use, drug testing, Employee Assistance Programs, and legal issues is discussed. But the focus is on the use of drugs and alcohol in the workplace.

TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of the business-level strategy of domestic businesses was compared to businesses engaged in domestic and international activities, suggesting the importance of internationalization as a contingency variable to examining the content of business level strategy.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of incentive type, incentive level, and goal level on valence, goal commitment, and performance were investigated for a class scheduling task under either piece-rate, hourly, goal attainment bonus, or no-pay conditions under either high or low amounts of money.

TL;DR: In this article, the utility of three decision-making characteristics (risk taking, openness in decision making, and group consensus) for global and multidomestic strategies is evaluated for a contingency framework, examining the simultaneousfit of all three characteristics to both international strategy types.