Showing papers in "Journal of Maps in 2016"
TL;DR: Carmignani et al. as mentioned in this paper published a geological map for Sardinia Island at 1:200,000 scale and a book with explanatory notes for the map was later published, summarizing all the geological information available at that time.
Abstract: Over the last 25 years the Italian national geological mapping program of the Italian Geological Survey (CARG Project, italian: Progetto Carta Geologica) at 1:50,000 scale has led to significant improvements in the geological knowledge for the Island of Sardinia (Italy). As a result, about one half of the island now is covered by new geological maps with 1:10,000–1:25,000 accuracy and geological maps at the 1:50,000 scale whose explanatory notes are available electronically. At the beginning of the CARG Project a geological map for Sardinia Island at 1:200,000 scale was published [Carmignani, L. (1996). Carta Geologica della Sardegna (1:200.000). Servizio Geologico Nazionale, Regione Autonoma della Sardegna], summarizing all the geological information available at that time, and a book with explanatory notes for the map was later published [Carmignani, L., Oggiano, G., Barca, S., Conti, P., Salvadori, I., Eltrudis, … Pasci, S. (2001). Geologia della Sardegna: Note Illustrative della Carta Geologic...
80 citations
TL;DR: In this article, hundreds of fossil marine vertebrates cropping out at Cerro Colorado (Pisco Basin, Peru) are identified and reported on a 1:6500 scale geological map and in a joined stratigraphic section.
Abstract: Hundreds of fossil marine vertebrates cropping out at Cerro Colorado (Pisco Basin, Peru) are identified and reported on a 1:6500 scale geological map and in a joined stratigraphic section. All the fossils are from the lower strata of the Pisco Formation, dated in this area to the late middle or early late Miocene. They are particularly concentrated (88%) in the stratigraphic interval from 40 to 75 m above the unconformity with the underlying Chilcatay Formation. The impressive fossil assemblage includes more than 300 specimens preserved as bone elements belonging mostly to cetaceans (81%), represented by mysticetes (cetotheriids and balaenopteroids) and odontocetes (kentriodontid-like delphinidans, pontoporiids, ziphiids, and physeteroids, including the giant raptorial sperm whale Livyatan melvillei). Seals, crocodiles, sea turtles, seabirds, bony fish, and sharks are also reported. Isolated large teeth of Carcharocles and Cosmopolitodus are common throughout the investigated stratigraphical interval, whe...
77 citations
TL;DR: A first map at European scale of EU fishing activities extracted using Automatic Identification System ship tracking data is introduced, which is a density of points that identify fishing activities.
Abstract: Information and understanding of fishing activities at sea are fundamental components of marine knowledge and maritime situational awareness. Such information is important to fisheries science, public authorities and policy-makers. In this paper we introduce a first map at European scale of EU fishing activities extracted using Automatic Identification System ship tracking data. The resulting map is a density of points that identify fishing activities. A measure of the reliability of such information is also presented as a map of coverage reception capabilities.
69 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a map of the glacial geomorphology of the Altai and Western Sayan mountains is presented, covering an area of almost 600,000 km2.
Abstract: In this article, we present a map of the glacial geomorphology of the Altai andWestern Sayan Mountains, covering an area of almost 600,000 km2. Although numerous studies provide evidence for restri ...
67 citations
TL;DR: The results of a long-lasting geomorphological survey carried out in Rome are summarized in this article, where a method aimed at integrating survey data, historical maps, aerial photographs and archaeological and geomorphology literature produced a geomorphic map of the present-day historical centre.
Abstract: The results of a long-lasting geomorphological survey carried out in Rome are summarized. A method aimed at integrating survey data, historical maps, aerial photographs and archaeological and geomorphological literature produced a geomorphological map of the present-day historical centre. The geomorphology of Rome is related to the paleogeographical conditions prior to the founding of the City; they allow us to recognize the stages of landscape evolution of the ancient Caput Mundi (Capital of the World). The study area has been affected by continuous man-made changes to the drainage network and to the topographic surface over the last 3000 years. It has forced the authors to develop innovative solutions to undertake effective analysis of the urban environment and the legend of the geomorphological map in this peculiar context. The resulting map is useful for urban planning and archaeological research.
58 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the geology of the western part of the classical Karst (NW Dinarides), located at the border between Slovenia and Italy, is presented, based on archive, published and new data collected by Slovenian and Italian researchers within several scientific national and cross border cooperation projects.
Abstract: The paper aims to present the geology of the western part of the Classical Karst (NW Dinarides), located at the border between Slovenia and Italy. The work is based on archive, published and new data collected by Slovenian and Italian researchers within several scientific national and Cross Border Cooperation projects. The map, produced at a scale of 1:50,000, summarizes the lithological and structural setting and is supplemented by three geological cross-sections of the study area.
57 citations
TL;DR: A 1:6250 map of the foreland of Flaajokull's north lobe as it appeared in 1989, together with a 1:350 scale map of a sample area of recently exposed glacial landforms from 2014, enables an assessment of the spatial and temporal evolution of glacial assemblages at the margin of an active temperate piedmont lobe terminating at ice-marginal thickening till wedges as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A 1:6250 map of the foreland of Flaajokull's north lobe as it appeared in 1989, together with a 1:350 scale map of a sample area of recently exposed glacial landforms from 2014, enables an assessment of the spatial and temporal evolution of glacial landform assemblages at the margin of an active temperate piedmont lobe terminating at ice-marginal thickening till wedges. The pattern of landform development captured in these maps indicates that the glacier margin developed strong longitudinal crevassing and well-developed ice-marginal pecten (three-dimensional crenulations) during its historical recession. This is recorded by early recessional phase linear push moraines on well-drained distal slopes of the foreland and the later development of interrelated sawtooth moraines, crevasse squeeze ridges and till eskers, indicative of extending ice flow and poorly drained submarginal conditions. This landform record is a palaeoglaciological signature of a changing process–form regime inherent within the a...
55 citations
TL;DR: One hundred and ninety-two fossil marine vertebrate specimens, preserved as bone elements cropping out at Cerro Los Quesos (Pisco Basin, Peru), are identified and reported on a 1:4,000 scale geological map and in the corresponding stratigraphic section.
Abstract: One-hundred and ninety-two fossil marine vertebrate specimens, preserved as bone elements cropping out at Cerro Los Quesos (Pisco Basin, Peru), are identified and reported on a 1:4,000 scale geological map and in the corresponding stratigraphic section. All the fossils originate from the Pisco Formation, which is dated in this area to the late Miocene (from 7.55 Ma to ≥6.71 Ma, based on 40Ar/39Ar analyses of three volcanic ash layers along the section). Specimens are particularly concentrated near the top of the two main hills, where the geologically youngest portion of the examined section crops out. The impressive fossil assemblage includes cetaceans (91.6%), represented by mysticetes (balaenopteroids and cetotheriids) and odontocetes (phocoenids, physeteroids, and ziphiids, including the holotype of Nazcacetus urbinai). Seals, a crocodile, a seabird, bony fish, and sharks are also reported. Isolated large teeth of Carcharocles and Cosmopolitodus are common and, in several instances, associated ...
55 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a ∼200m-thick section of the Pisco Formation exposed at Cerro Colorado, an important fossiliferous site in the Ica desert, and establish the stratigraphic framework within which the different fossilbearing intervals of this site can be compared and may prove invaluable in future high-resolution studies on the faunal change.
Abstract: This paper describes a ∼200 m-thick section of the Pisco Formation exposed at Cerro Colorado, an important fossiliferous site in the Ica desert. In order to properly place the fauna in its correct relative position, this study establishes the stratigraphic framework within which the different fossil-bearing intervals of this site can be compared and may prove invaluable in future high-resolution studies on the faunal change. Most of the Pisco Formation deposits exposed at Cerro Colorado consist of gently dipping fine-grained sandstones, diatomaceous siltstones and diatomites with minor ash layers and dolomites deposited within nearshore and offshore settings. To facilitate detailed stratigraphic correlations within the Pisco strata for a 30 km2 area, eight marker beds have been defined and large-scale (1:10,000 scale) geological mapping conducted to determine fault positions, styles and offsets. The geological map shows that there are two important angular unconformities in the study area. The first one i...
52 citations
TL;DR: A map of historical ponds of the whole Czech Republic which was created on the basis of the 2nd Military Survey (1: 28,000) from the period 1836 to 1852 is presented in this article.
Abstract: The paper presents a map of historical ponds of the whole Czech Republic which was created on the basis of the 2nd Military Survey (1: 28,000) from the period 1836 to 1852. This source was selected with respect to its age, precision, validity and accessibility at the Czech National Geoportal via the Web Map Service. All water areas, which had existed in the 2nd Military Survey within the current Czech Republic, were identified on this basis and vectorised in the Geographic Information System. Historical ponds larger than 0.5 ha were then picked from this layer, complemented with other attributes and analysed in combination with the current geodata (occurrence of pond, prevailing land use of extinct ponds, etc.). The resulting map may serve as a measure for potential attempts at restoring some extinct ponds, out of which over 3400 ponds larger than 15,500 ha have been discovered. This map source may be practically applied in Spatial Planning and in particular measures taken against changes in the g...
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the methodologies developed for the production, verification, and enhancement of the high-resolution layers (HRLs) in Italy, mainly based on the use of available reference data for the enhancement process, and the reduction of the manual work of operators by using a semi-automatic approach.
Abstract: The high-resolution layers (HRLs) are land cover maps produced for the entire Italian territory (approximately 30 million hectares) in 2012 by the European Environment Agency, aimed at monitoring soil imperviousness and natural cover, such as forest, grassland, wetland, and water surface, with a high spatial resolution of 20 m. This study presents the methodologies developed for the production, verification, and enhancement of the HRLs in Italy. The innovative approach is mainly based on (a) the use of available reference data for the enhancement process, (b) the reduction of the manual work of operators by using a semi-automatic approach, and (c) the overall increase in the cost-efficiency in relation to the production and updating of land cover maps. The results show the reliability of these methodologies in assessing and enhancing the quality of the HRLs. Finally, an integration of the individual layers, represented by the HRLs, was performed in order to produce a National High-Resolution Land ...
TL;DR: A detailed bathymetric survey of Pozzuoli Bay (Gulf of Naples, Italy) is presented in this paper, where the main cartographic product consists of a 1:10,000 scale morpho-bathymetric map, derived from 1m cell-size, colour hill-shaded, digital terrain model of the seafloor.
Abstract: We present the results of a detailed bathymetric survey of Pozzuoli Bay (Gulf of Naples, Italy). This shallow marine area, along with the Campi Flegrei inland, is a highly active volcanic district in the coastal zone of SW Italy. The area has been active since at least 78 ka B.P., and is structurally dominated by a caldera collapse (∼8 km in diameter) associated with the eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT), a 30–50 km3 dense rock equivalent (DRE) ignimbrite dated ∼15 ka B.P. The main cartographic product consists of a 1:10,000 scale morpho-bathymetric map of Pozzuoli Bay, derived from 1 m cell-size, colour hill-shaded, digital terrain model of the seafloor. Multibeam bathymetry data reveal the precise extent of Roman underwater archaeological remains located in the N–NW infralittoral zone of the Bay. Morphometric analysis allowed for the development of thematic representations, including slope and aspect maps. A complete data set of active fluid vents seafloor locations were also recorded during ...
TL;DR: The results of field surveys supported by air-photo interpretation have led to the production of a coastal geomorphological map at 1:30,000 scale which outlines the processes and related deposits and landforms as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: This paper presents the outcomes of a geomorphological investigation carried out along the coasts of the island of Malta and provides a detailed classification of the Maltese coastline based on the identification and definition of specific coastal geomorphotypes. The results of field surveys, supported by air-photo interpretation, have led to the production of a coastal geomorphological map at 1:30,000 scale which outlines the processes and related deposits and landforms. The latter are the result of the complex interplay of structural, gravitational, coastal and karst processes. Moreover, radiocarbon dates of marine organisms encrusted on boulders mapped along the NE coast are presented.
TL;DR: A 1:1,500,000 scale map of the Iberian Peninsula is presented in this article, which is based on the compilation of 210,283 gravity stations covering the entire peninsula.
Abstract: Bouguer anomaly maps are powerful cartographic tools used mainly by geoscientists and natural resources' companies (oil, mining, etc.) since they reflect rock density distribution at different depths, allowing the identification of different tectonic features. At upper crustal levels, Bouguer anomaly maps can help, for instance, in characterizing possible ore deposits, ground water reservoirs, petroleum resources, CO2 storage sites and sedimentary basins; at deeper crustal levels they can help to further refine seismic velocity models or other integrated geophysical models and thus help in deciphering the lateral density variations within the crust and the geometry of the base of the crust. This new Bouguer anomaly map at a 1:1,500,000 scale is based on the compilation of 210,283 gravity stations covering the Iberian Peninsula (c. 583,254 km2). The new map upgrades previous maps in two ways: (1) it is built up from a database with a 15% more spatial coverage than previous compilations and (2) it i...
TL;DR: In this article, a 1:10,000 scale geological map covering an area of about 21 km2, a detailed measured section spanning 290 km of strata, and a refined chronostratigraphy for the studied succession well constrained by diatom biostratigy and high-resolution 40Ar/39Ar isotopic dating of three interbedded ash layers.
Abstract: The enormous concentration of marine vertebrates documented within the Pisco Formation is unique for Peru and South America and places this unit among the prime fossil Lagerstatten for Miocene to Pliocene marine mammals worldwide. In order to provide a robust stratigraphic framework for the fossil-bearing locality of Cerro Los Quesos, this study presents a 1:10,000 scale geological map covering an area of about 21 km2, a detailed measured section spanning 290 m of strata, and a refined chronostratigraphy for the studied succession well constrained by diatom biostratigraphy and high-resolution 40Ar/39Ar isotopic dating of three interbedded ash layers. Within the apparently monotonous, diatomite-dominated sedimentary section, the Pisco Formation has been subdivided into six local members, with stratigraphic control over the different outcrops facilitated by the establishment of a detailed marker bed stratigraphy based on 15 readily distinguishable sediment layers of different nature.
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a study aimed at developing a vegetation map of Sicily (Italy) including the smaller circum-Sicilian islands, for an area of approximately 25,703 km2.
Abstract: We present the results of a study aimed at developing a vegetation map of Sicily (Italy) including the smaller circum-Sicilian islands, for an area of approximately 25,703 km2. The work is a synthesis of studies carried out in accordance with the survey methodology of phytosociology in the last 40 years over the whole study area. The vegetation map of Sicily was compiled in a Geographical Information Systems (GIS) environment, in order to produce a cartographic representation at a scale of 1:10,000 (reduced to a scale of 1:250,000). The physiognomic-structural characteristics of the plant landscape of Sicily are analyzed, providing a general and, at the same time, detailed overview of the phytocoenotic aspects represented on the territory, as well as of the relative bibliographic references. At the reference scale, 36 types are represented, 16 of which are related to zonal vegetation (Mediterranean maquis, Quercus ilex woods, Quercus suber woods, Castanea sativa woods, Quercus pubescens deciduous ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present detailed glacial geomorphological maps of recessional push moraines on the foreland of Skalafellsjokull, SE Iceland.
Abstract: Small-scale recessional push moraines are a characteristic signature of the active temperate glacial landsystem, and are often clearly linked to annual re-advances. These recessional push moraines represent a potentially valuable terrestrial climate archive, and may provide valuable insights into glacier dynamics. This paper presents detailed glacial geomorphological maps of recessional push moraines on the foreland of Skalafellsjokull, SE Iceland. Geomorphological maps have been produced at a scale of 1:3750 based on 2006 aerial photographs and 2012 satellite imagery. Using unmanned aerial vehicle-captured imagery, large-scale sample mapping of two selected areas of the glacier foreland has also been conducted, with the maps reproduced as A4-sized figures at scales of ∼1:2500 and ∼1:2000, respectively. Desk- and field-based mapping reveals suites of recessional push moraines distributed across the glacier foreland, often found in close association with flutings. Moraines on the foreland typically...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a 1:3,000,000-scale geologic map of the Victoria quadrangle of the planet's northern hemisphere by photo-interpretation of remotely sensed orbital images captured by the MESSENGER spacecraft.
Abstract: Mercury’s quadrangle H02 ‘Victoria’ is located in the planet’s northern hemisphere and lies between latitudes 22.5° N and 65° N, and between longitudes 270° E and 360° E. This quadrangle covers 6.5% of the planet’s surface with a total area of almost 5 million km2. Our 1:3,000,000-scale geologic map of the quadrangle was produced by photo-interpretation of remotely sensed orbital images captured by the MESSENGER spacecraft. Geologic contacts were drawn between 1:300,000 and 1:600,000 mapping scale and constitute the boundaries of intercrater, intermediate and smooth plains units; in addition, three morpho-stratigraphic classes of craters larger than 20 km were mapped. The geologic map reveals that this area is dominated by Intercrater Plains encompassing some almost-coeval, probably younger, Intermediate Plains patches and interrupted to the north-west, north-east and east by the Calorian Northern Smooth Plains. This map represents the first complete geologic survey of the Victoria quadrangle at t...
TL;DR: In this article, the map and temporal scale of the territory known as the Land of Maramureș outlines a real heritage treasure, built in historical time and formed of 74 wooden churches Varying in terms of architecture, dimensions and cult, the wooden churches are indeed heritage objects, 33 of them being on the list of historical monuments in Romania, while 5 are included in the UNESCO world heritage list.
Abstract: The map and temporal scale of the territory known as ‘The Land of Maramureș’ outlines a real heritage treasure, built in historical time and formed of 74 wooden churches Varying in terms of architecture, dimensions and cult, the wooden churches are indeed heritage objects, 33 of them being on the list of historical monuments in Romania, while 5 are included in the UNESCO world heritage list An impressive database, which includes the edifices built during 1531–2015 period, is processed, analyzed, synthesized and mapped in this project By using cartographic methods and specific programs (ArcGis, CorelDRAW), suggestive pictograms are generated, expressing relevant elements for the proposed purpose: spatiality, a series of technical details (height, architectural style, etc), monument type and oldness Such a complex material is useful in the process of territorial planning and organization from the point of view of those concerned with issues of urban development and tourism as well as for the ge
TL;DR: In this article, a 1:4000 scale map of the terrestrial margins of the foreland of Nordenskioldbreen depicts a polythermal glacial landsystem containing a record of the landform signatures of individual ice flow units that operate within the glacier snout.
Abstract: A 1:4000 scale map of the terrestrial margins of the foreland of Nordenskioldbreen depicts a polythermal glacial landsystem containing a record of the landform signatures of individual ice flow units that operate within the glacier snout. A 1:700 map provides a detailed overview of fluted terrain, based on unmanned aerial vehicle images captured in 2014. The pattern of landforms lying inside the Little Ice Age (LIA) latero-frontal moraine on the northern side of the fjord comprises a fluted till surface, which in turn grades into ice-moulded bedrock. This signature records the recession of a single, wide ice flow unit, which was characterised by limited incorporation of subglacial material and restricted delivery of supraglacial debris. Inside the latero-frontal moraine on the south side of the fjord, a fluted surface is subordinate to a pronounced and large ice-cored moraine complex related to the confluence of five narrower ice flow units, each of which transported significant quantities of engl...
TL;DR: In this article, a geomorphological map of the Herens valley in the Western Swiss Alps is presented, with an area of 270 km2 and altitudes ranging from 470 to 4357 m a.s.
Abstract: This paper presents a geomorphological map of the Herens valley in the Western Swiss Alps. With an area of 270 km2 and altitudes ranging from 470 to 4357 m a.s.l., this valley is one of the main secondary catchments of the Upper Rhone valley. The high differences in altitudes, combined with a varied geology, create an important geomorphic diversity. The main processes active in mountain areas, that is, glacial, periglacial, gravitational and fluvial processes, are well represented. The map was produced in ArcGIS using a specific legend developed at the University of Lausanne.
TL;DR: The resulting map condenses a complex estimation process into an interpretable visualization of the spatial distribution of physical disorder in New York City.
Abstract: Neighborhood physical disorder, or the deterioration of urban environments, is associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes. Eleven trained raters used CANVAS, a web-based system for conducting reliable virtual street audits, to collect data on nine indicators of physical disorder using Google Street View imagery of 532 block faces in New York City, New York, USA. We combined the block face indicator data into a disorder scale using item response theory; indicators ranged in severity from presence of litter, a weak indicator of disorder, to abandoned cars, a strong indicator. Using this scale, we estimated disorder at the center point of each sampled block. We then used ordinary kriging to interpolate estimates of disorder levels throughout the city. The resulting map condenses a complex estimation process into an interpretable visualization of the spatial distribution of physical disorder in New York City.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the methodology and techniques for the compilation of a thematic geological map based on detailed mapping of the weathering grade of crystalline rocks occurring in a portion of the Sila Massif close to the San Giovanni in Fiore Village (Calabria, Italy).
Abstract: This paper illustrates the methodology and techniques for the compilation of a thematic (engineering) geological map based on detailed mapping of the weathering grade of crystalline rocks occurring in a portion of the Sila Massif close to the San Giovanni in Fiore Village (Calabria, Italy). The map (1:5000 scale), covering an area of about 20 km2, was compiled combining new geological and structural data with the results of a weathering grade field survey. The methodology, used to distinguish and map the weathering grade classes, was performed using qualitative criteria, semi-quantitative tests, and petrographic analysis of weathered rock samples. The Main Map, presented in this paper, aims to provide a useful tool for land-use planning, for geological hazard assessment and engineering perspectives.
TL;DR: In this paper, a geomorphological and palaeoglaciological map of 8 sections of the Julian Alps related to the late Holocene distribution of glaciers, at a scale of 1:6000, is presented.
Abstract: The Julian Alps (in the southeastern European Alps, Italy and Slovenia) represent an important case study area for the study of small and very small maritime glaciers. High mean annual precipitation results in great snow accumulation during the winter, permitting the presence of ice bodies with the lowest Equilibrium Line Altitudes in the Alps. During the Little Ice Age (LIA) 19 small glaciers (<1 km2) existed, covering a total area of 2.4 km2. By 2012, the glacierized area had shrunk by 84% and only isolated glacierets and ice patches survived, each having a total area less than 0.5 km2. We present here a geomorphological and palaeoglaciological map of 8 sections of the Julian Alps related to the late Holocene distribution of glaciers, at a scale of 1:6000. Glacier topography during the LIA maximum was reconstructed on the basis of well-expressed geomorphological features together with historical archive data. The present-day distribution of ice bodies was inferred from orthophotos and 1 m resolu...
TL;DR: In this article, a large-scale map of landslide phenomena in the Scrivia valley is presented, where several previously unknown deep-seated gravitational slope deformations (DSGSDs) are also identified.
Abstract: The Scrivia river is a right tributary of the Po river, the main Italian water course, which flows eastwards into the Adriatic Sea. The head of the Scrivia valley is located in the Northern Apennines, a very short distance from the Ligurian Sea. Its catchment is characterized by landslide areas greater than both the regional and national average. In this work, the causes of this high landslide density have been investigated and a large-scale map of landslide phenomena is produced. Based on geomorphological constraints, several previously unknown deep-seated gravitational slope deformations (DSGSDs) were also identified. DSGSDs have been distinguished in sackungen and lateral spreads. Their characteristics were analyzed in a geographical information system (GIS) environment and compared with landslide distribution. Field surveys, aerial photo-interpretation and GIS analyses led to the production of a large-scale landslide and DSGSD overview map at 1:35,000. The massive presence of DSGSDs and their connecti...
TL;DR: In this paper, a 1:3,000,000-scale geologic map of the Raditladi quadrangle (H04) of Mercury is presented, which covers nearly 7% of the entire planet and encompasses several features of interest.
Abstract: In this work, we present a 1:3,000,000-scale geologic map of the Raditladi quadrangle (H04) of Mercury. The area covers nearly 7% of the entire planet and encompasses several features of interest such as the Caloris basin, the Raditladi basin, hollow clusters and volcanic features. The mapping took advantage of the data produced during MESSENGER's orbital phase. The mapped deposits include impact-related units observed at several scales from the Caloris basin to the secondary crater chains. The Smooth Plains unit covers the majority of the area, mantling the older Intercrater Plains and Bright Intercrater Plains units. Results show that the emplacement of all the main units and the Caloris impact event, representing the main geologic events in the quadrangle, were concentrated between 3.96 and 3.72 Ga. After this intense phase, the geologic framework was modified only by local events such as impact craters and hollow formation. This map is among the first products for the detailed geologic charact...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors employed Landsat imagery, open source software and the random forest classification algorithm to produce a high-resolution national land cover map for 2010, achieving an overall accuracy of 83%.
Abstract: Information about land cover (LC) and land use is fundamental in various areas of research regarding the Earth's surface. However, field campaigns are costly and time consuming while existing data sets have strong limitations. Classification of LC by remote sensing, although considered a technically and methodologically challenging task, can facilitate mapping initiatives at various scales. This study suggests an efficient and robust methodology of LC classification with minimal user requirements. The study site is Greece which faces a lack of up to date LC maps at national scale. In this context we employed Landsat imagery, open source software and the random forest classification algorithm to produce a high resolution national LC map for 2010. The algorithm was trained semi-automatically, extracting information from available data sets. The results are promising, achieving an overall accuracy of 83%. The methodology presented minimizes many obstacles that lead to data deficiencies and can act as...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compiled the published literature associated with the Loch Lomond Stadial (LLS) into a glacial map and accompanying geographical information system database that is available electronically as supplementary information.
Abstract: The Loch Lomond Stadial (LLS) was an abrupt period of renewed cooling between 12.9 and 11.7 ka and has long been associated with the regrowth of glaciers in much of upland Britain. Mapping the glacial landforms associated with this period has been undertaken for over a century, but in a non-systematic nature and at specific locations. In this paper, glacial geomorphology associated with the LLS in Britain has been compiled from the published literature into a glacial map and accompanying geographical information system database that is available electronically as supplementary information. A variety of scales have been used to best represent the evidence in the database. Map A is at 1:310 000; B, C, D, E, F, J, L, M and O are at 1:175 000; K, N, P are at 1:100 000 and G, H and I are at 1:50,000. The database contains over 95,000 individual features, which are organised into thematic layers and each attributed to its original citation. The evidence includes moraines, drift and boulder limits, drift...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated this remote and densely forested area on the border between Slovenia and Croatia between 2011 and 2014 and presented a 1:30,000 geomorphological map covering almost 600 km2.
Abstract: Snežnik and Gorski Kotar are mountainous areas in the Northern Dinaric Alps. We investigated this remote and densely forested area on the border between Slovenia and Croatia between 2011 and 2014. The result of the fieldwork campaign is a 1:30,000 geomorphological map covering almost 600 km2. The study area mainly consists of Mesozoic age limestone and dolostone. Karstified carbonate lithology results in almost the complete absence of surface run-off and a dominance of typical karst morphology. The extensive karstified area was modified by Quaternary glaciations; therefore, the recent landscape is characterized as a glaciokarst. The focus of the presented map is to provide a basis for further research of Quaternary glaciations in the areas of Snežnik and Gorski Kotar. Along with the map, we propose a legend for glaciokarst landscape mapping.
TL;DR: A detailed, high-resolution map of a 4.6 ha Neotropical river island and mainland plot with the location of every tree >5 cm DBH and all structures on the forest floor, which is relevant to the study species, the territorial frog Allobates femoralis.
Abstract: For animals with spatially complex behaviours at relatively small scales, the resolution of a global positioning system (GPS) receiver location is often below the resolution needed to correctly map animals' spatial behaviour. Natural conditions such as canopy cover, canyons or clouds can further degrade GPS receiver reception. Here we present a detailed, high-resolution map of a 4.6 ha Neotropical river island and a 8.3 ha mainland plot with the location of every tree >5 cm DBH and all structures on the forest floor, which are relevant to our study species, the territorial frog Allobates femoralis (Dendrobatidae). The map was derived using distance- and compass-based survey techniques, rooted on dGPS reference points, and incorporates altitudinal information based on a LiDAR survey of the area.