Showing papers in "Journal of Siberian Federal University in 2019"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantitatively estimate the antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles compared with that of silver ions and check the efficacy of nanosilver as an antimicrobial agent against a range of microbes.
Abstract: Over the last 20 years, metallic silver in the form of Ag nanoparticles has made a remarkable comeback as an example of a nanomaterial for control of microorganisms. The purpose of our study was a) to quantitatively estimate the antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles compared with that of silver ions and b) to check the efficacy of nanosilver as an antimicrobial agent against a range of microbes on the surface of water-soluble paint, 100% cotton fabric, and fibrous chemisorbent. Minimum inhibitory concentration tests quantitatively showed that Ag nanoparticles were less efficient than Ag+ ions against representatives of gram-positive / gram-negative bacteria and cosmopolitan saprotrophic fungi. Antifungal/antibacterial effects against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium phoeniceum, and Staphylococcus aureus were confirmed for nanosilver concentrations of even 1 μg/cm2 on the surface of cotton fabric and 0.8 μg/cm2 in water-soluble paint. As the concentration of nanosilver in water-soluble paint/cotton fabric was increased to 7 μg/cm2, the growth of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli was suppressed as well. Microbiological tests conducted over a period of 60 days showed that there was no biofilm growth on the surface of a silver nanoparticle-coated fiber sorbent during its everyday operation as a household water treatment filter. Thus, silver nanoparticles as an add-on to water-soluble paints, textile fabrics or fiber chemisorbents had a remarkable antibacterial/antifungal effect, although some of the Ag nanoparticles were agglomerated into larger colloidal clusters
30 citations
TL;DR: The article describes mathematical models that adequately reflect strategies for the development of people and stable small groups, as well as large dynamic human communities, on the basis of which recommendations are proposed for developing such strategies.
Abstract: The article describes the changes in the modern socio-economic environment, which affect the digitalization of society, including the socio-educational sphere. On the basis of the authors’ proposals for the development of the concept of “information-educational systems”, mathematical models for their description and mechanisms for analysing their essential characteristics determined by modern processes of development and digitalization of society are indicated. Through the example of using elements of the theory of dynamic deductive databases and the theory of neural networks, the article describes mathematical models that adequately reflect strategies for the development of people and stable small groups, as well as large dynamic human communities, on the basis of which recommendations are proposed for developing such strategies. The results can be used in the pedagogical design of various models of educational activities and information and educational systems for various purposes, including education management and direct training. It also seems that the mechanisms and features of information and educational systems described in the article will allow us to establish an evidence-based educational policy at various levels in the context of digitalization
21 citations
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of studies on the problem of the harmful effects of forest pests classified by their localization is presented, which includes mainly boreal forests located in a number of European countries, the USA, Canada and Russia.
Abstract: Outbreaks of pests are considered one of the most destructive types of natural forest disorders. In recent years the severity of such outbreaks has rapidly increased due to the process of global warming, which affects the rate of reproduction of pests and the range of their natural distribution. Economic consequences of these types of disturbances are of particular importance. Though many studies have been conducted in the field of tree phytophages ecology, the issues of estimating economic damage and the formation of mechanisms for its minimization have been poorly studied. This article presents a review of studies on the problem of the harmful effects of forest pests classified by their localization. The area of study includes mainly boreal forests located in a number of European countries, the USA, Canada and Russia. Our study reviews the range of instruments applied to prevent disturbances mentioned above and mitigate corresponding negative consequences. Despite the fact that there are theoretical approaches to the analysis of the economic consequences of forest damage by pests, they still cannot find practical application
19 citations
TL;DR: It was determined that the differentiation of vegetative and generative spheres in Prunella vulgaris L. shoots in Siberia occurs in early spring within the year of flowering, which can be described as a summer-winter green plant with a long growing season.
Abstract: Seasonal rhythms of plant development are related to plant adaptation to surrounding ecological coenotic and climatic conditions. To discover the patterns of seasonal development of plants in different phytocoenoses, it is essential to observe individual shoots and the entire course of shoot formation. So far the data on the rhythm of seasonal development of Prunella vulgaris L., a plant of the circumboreal region, have been available for the European part of Russia only. We examined the rhythm of seasonal development and minor life cycle of Prunella vulgaris L., the long-rhizome life form, in Siberia (Khakasia) in 2012-2013. Observations were carried out in a forest meadow every 5-7 days in the spring-summer-autumn period and 1-2 times a month in the winter. The development of dicyclic meso-rosetted and winter monocyclic semi-rosetted generative monocarpic shoots was observed using the method by I.G. Serebryakov. It was determined that the differentiation of vegetative and generative spheres in Prunella vulgaris L. shoots in Siberia occurs in early spring within the year of flowering. The species forms spring and autumn leaf generations and phenologically can be described as a summer-winter green plant with a long growing season. The period of shoot development from its initiation to dying the above-ground parts lasts 26 and 14 months in dicyclic meso-rosetted shoots and winter monocyclic semi-rosetted shoots, respectively. In both cases the development of the primordial shoot inside the bud lasts 8 months while the duration of shoot development after emerging from the bud varies. The latter phase lasts 18 months in dicyclic meso-rosetted shoots and only 6 months in winter monocyclic semi-rosetted shoots. Start times and duration of phenological phases (budding, flowering, fruiting and dissemination) are related to the weather conditions in the habitats including fluctuations in air temperature, precipitation patterns and types
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the main directions of asphaltene thermal transformations during thermolysis are an increase aromaticity and decrease content of naphthenic and aliphatic carbon.
Abstract: Thermolysis of asphaltenes from three heavy oils was carried out at a temperature of 120 °C in a current of N2 with the withdrawal of the resulting products from the reaction zone. Composition and structure analysis of thermolysis products showed, that at 120 °C petroleum afaltenes are subject to thermal destruction due to breaking of covalent bonds with the formation of gas, oils and resins, exceed 13 % by weight. It is established that the main directions of asphaltene thermal transformations during thermolysis are an increase aromaticity and decrease content of naphthenic and aliphatic carbon. The reactivity and thermal transformations intensity of asphaltene molecules depend on the number of reaction centers in them. Reaction centers represent a weak aliphatic heteroatomic C–Het and/or Het–Het bond, destabilized by electron acceptor functional groups and naphthenicaromatic structural blocks with a high content of heteroatoms. It is complex effect of destabilizing factors reduces the energy of breaking the C–Het and/or Het–Het bond and makes it possible for it to decompose at 120 °C.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental and mathematical optimization of abies wood peroxide delignification process in the formic acid-water medium in the presence of TiO2 catalyst was carried out.
Abstract: The experimental and mathematical optimization of abies wood peroxide delignification process in the formic acid – water medium in the presence of TiO2 catalyst was carried out. It was established that in the temperature range 70-100 °С the rate constants of the delignification process vary between 0.4 and 3.2 · 10-4 min-1. The optimal parameters for the production of cellulose product with a residual lignin content of ≤ 3 wt.% were determined (temperature 100 °С, concentration Н2О2 10 wt.%, НCOOН 38 wt.%, LWR 15, time 4 h). The features of abies wood peroxide delignification processes in the presence of TiO2 catalyst in “ formic acid – water” and “acetic acid – water” were compared. It was shown the possibility of abies wood fractionation in the medium “ formic acid-water” to high-quality cellulose with the yield of 94 wt.% (the content of residual lignin 2.3 wt.%) and to low molecular weight lignin with the yield of 21 wt.% (average molecular weight 1854 g/mol and polydispersity 1.65). The obtained chemically active lignin can be used for the production such valuable products as enterosorbents, nanoporous carbon materials, aerogels.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the main conceptual and methodological prerequisite that distinguishes the proposed approach, should take into account the effects of interregional and inter-sectoral interaction or, in other words, the effect of cluster transfers.
Abstract: Challenges and search for sustainable ways of territories’ development cause serious concern to authorities around the globe. The choice of methodological approaches for assessment and monitoring, indicators for sustainability criteria, as well as the ways of their processing are an important conceptual basis that provides effective facilitation of the administered territories development. The study is aimed at finding and analyzing the existing approaches and tools for territorial development monitoring, as well as elaboration of methodological and procedural framework for assessing the territories sustainability to solve social and economic problems. Herewith, in the authors’ opinion, the main conceptual and methodological prerequisite that distinguishes the proposed approach, should take into account the effects of interregional and intersectoral interaction or, in other words, the effects of cluster transfers. It has been revealed that there is still no consensus among the scientific works’ authors not only concerning theoretical aspects, but also on methodological issues of the monitoring procedure and tools for assessing the development sustainability, especially in the context of cluster approach. The analysis of the main methodological approaches to assessing the sustainable development of various levels systems (national and regional economies, territories, industries, enterprises and products) is given in the paper. Systematization of the approaches and tools used by scientists from different countries, as well as international organizations and institutions, has been carried out. Advantages, disadvantages and limitations for the practical application of the selected methodological approaches are indicated. The essence of the TOPSIS method as a tool for assessing the sustainability of the territories’ development, taking into account the multiplicative effects of interregional and intersectoral interaction is given. It has been shown that it is the cluster approach that acts as an effective tool for managing the sustainable development of territorial systems
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the flow properties of viscous compositions consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polymeric oil resin, and water were studied and three component cryogels were formed from them.
Abstract: The paper presents the results of studies of the flow properties of viscous compositions consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polymeric oil resin, and water. After a freeze-thaw cycle three-component cryogels are formed from them. Mechanical, thermal, physical, and chemical properties of the resulted elastic samples are studied. The prospects of using hydrophobic cryogels filled with polymeric oil resin as a binder component for road pavement construction are presented
10 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize all available information including the latest data in order to develop practical recommendations for rare legume species conservation in the examined region, and make recommendations based on protection of their habitats and sustainable use of plant communities containing rare legumes.
Abstract: Complex studies of rare plant species allow to evaluate the status of their populations and develop an approach to their conservation. During the last years, detailed studies of rare legume species have been performed on the territory of Buryatia. They revealed new species localities, and characteristic features of species distribution and population structures. The goal of the current research is to summarize all available information including the latest data in order to develop practical recommendations for rare legume species conservation in the examined region. Populations of rare legumes and plant communities containing them were studied by traditional methods. Species distribution was analyzed using the locality database for rare vascular plants in Buryatia which contains critical information from the last edition of Red Data Book for the examined area. Distribution, ecocoenotic confinement and population structure of rare legume species in Buryatia were studied. The structure of key species populations was estimated with respect to their phytocoenotic and geographic confinement. Rare legumes populations are mostly insufficient (excluding juvenile and senile individuals), definitive, normal, and mature. Unimodal age spectra with prevalence of generative plants typical of populations from undisturbed habitats. Human impact or other exogenous factors led to formation of bimodal age spectra. The strategy for conservation of the examined species should be based on protection of their habitats and sustainable use of plant communities containing rare legumes. Further research into biological and ecological features of rare legumes, strict protection of isolated habitats, regular monitoring of populations sizes are required.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the genesis of religious ideas of the Kets and Selkup groups in a historical and cultural context and provide an analytical review of classical and modern studies reflecting the dynamics of the development of religious ideology in these ethnic groups.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the genesis of religious ideas of the Ket and Selkup ethnocultural groups in a historical and cultural context. On the basis of the ethnographic and linguistic material, the article describes the current state of religion and culture of the Kets and Selkups, provides an analytical review of classical and modern studies reflecting the dynamics of the development of religious ideology in the territories inhabited by these ethnic groups. Despite the official Christianization, both the Kets and the Selkups have retained their traditional cosmological and ideological views for many years. Their religious ideology is characterized by coexistence of beliefs and rites of different origins and specificities that reflect natural, everyday, economic and social conditions of ethnic communities. The key manifestations of religious ideology include the idea of the three-part structure of the universe, animistic and ancient totemic beliefs, developed trade ideology, shamanism, burial rites and folklore.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted an analysis on the role of the mineral resource complex (MRC) in the Russian economy and revealed that the Russian MRC currently demonstrates low innovation activity and lacks new technologies conducive to efficient technical and economic implementation of numerous new projects.
Abstract: As of now, the mineral resource complex (MRC) is playing a crucial role in the Russian economy. In a situation when the resource base is becoming problematic and the economy of knowledge begins to hold sway, the stability and competitiveness of the complex will depend on innovative technological development in many ways. The factor that is becoming ever more crucial for the MRC is the use of new knowledge and technologies: the rights to results of intellectual work, technologies that allow extraction and economic exploitation of scarce and hard-to-reach resources. The conducted analysis has revealed that the Russian MRC currently demonstrates low innovation activity and lacks new technologies conducive to efficient technical and economic implementation of numerous new projects. Development and widespread introduction of domestic innovative technologies, equipment and materials are becoming the concerns of vital importance. Considering the role of MRC in the Russian economy, growing complexity of the resource base, sanctions from a number of states, the current situation in the innovative sphere may hardly be accepted as satisfactory. The indicators of the economic development testify to the existing discrepancy between the role of MRC in the Russian economy and the results of innovation policy of domestic extracting companies.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the system of training intercultural mediators in the aspect of development of the multicultural education system and intercultural communication competences and compare it to the Russian model of mediator training.
Abstract: Ethnic diversity of school students has produced a number of conflict-generators, influencing all the actors of the education process: students, their parents, teachers and administrative staff. The article examines the system of training intercultural mediators in the aspect of development of the multicultural education system and intercultural communication competences. The article presents European and Russian experience of training mediators for the sphere of education. The authors elaborate on the training and accreditation specificity of the mediators in Europe, compare it to the Russian model of mediator training including intercultural mediator training within the Master’s programme offered by Siberian Federal University. The interim results of the research project No. 18-013-00528 Mediation Practices in Education for Harmonization of International Relations in a Multicultural Environment supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research are presented.
TL;DR: In this paper, a philosophical and art analysis of three paintings by the Norwegian artist E. Munch, namely "Melancholy", "Separation", and "The Dance of Life", is presented.
Abstract: The article presents a philosophical and art analysis of three paintings by the Norwegian artist E. Munch, namely “Melancholy” (1891–1892), “Separation” (1896), “The Dance of Life” (1899–1900), included in the “The Frieze of Life” cycle. The purpose of the analysis was to uncover the artistic ideas of each of the selected works and to identify the general conceptual basis of the artist’s work. As a result of the methodological analysis of the paintings, it was substantiated that the work of E. Munch, firstly, is fundamentally consistent, in the sense that each work should be considered as part of the painter’s holistic art world view; secondly, the dominant compositional features of the works, relating them to the style space of Areo-romanticism, are highlighted; thirdly, such a characteristic of E. Munch’s creativity as a programmatic approach is revealed, which is expressed in the embodiment of the deep meanings of human life through the sign-symbolic forms of works.
TL;DR: Investigation of parasite fauna of cisco, round whitefish, Siberian grayling and whitefish showed that Lake Sobachye is a site of diphyllobothriasis and there is no reason to distinguish between the “Arctic” and “Boreal” groups.
Abstract: The present study addresses the morphological features of cisco, round whitefish and grayling. These fish species are the most abundant representatives of Coregonidae and Thymallidae in the eastern part of Lake Sobachye. The local cisco (Coregonus sp.) is closer to vendace (Coregonus albula) than to least cisco (Coregonus sardinella) in its diagnostic features. Ciscoes with a low number of vertebrae (the average number significantly below 60) were previously found in the Khantayka River and Khatanga River basins. C. sardinella is a cisco with a high number of vertebrae (more than 60 on average), which inhabits all basins, along with cisco populations that have a low number of vertebrae. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA polymorphism (mtDNA) of the cisco (Coregonus sp.) from Lake Sobachye showed a significant similarity between this population and the cisco from European water bodies (C. albula). The basic meristic traits of the round whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum) from Lake Sobachye and other lakes of the Putorana Plateau are considered in the present study. The round whitefish in the water bodies of the Norilo-Pyasinskaya system is represented by a single population. All known groups of the Taymyr round whitefish are rightfully considered as typical representatives of the “Arctic” group. Thus, there is no reason to distinguish between the “Arctic” and “Boreal” groups. The round whitefish in the water bodies of the Norilo-Pyasinskaya system is represented by river and lake-river forms. For the first time, complete morphological characterization of the Siberian grayling (Thymallus arcticus) has been given for this region. Research of parasite fauna of cisco, round whitefish, Siberian grayling and whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) showed that Lake Sobachye is a site of diphyllobothriasis. The cestode Diphyllobothrium dendriticum carriers are whitefish (C. lavaretus) and cisco (Coregonus sp.).
TL;DR: A review of modern mathematical economic models with the "mean field games" structure is given in this paper, where the discretization is applied to obtain systems of nonlinear algebraic equations which are solved by computer in an iterative way to get the best instant benefit for each agent.
Abstract: The article is a review of modern mathematical economic models with the “Mean Field Games” structure. They are currently used for the predictive modelling under given control conditions or for optimizing control actions to achieve the desired result. The mathematical model is a pair of parabolic partial differential equations with a set of initial and boundary conditions for optimizing a given target functional. For them, the discretization is applied to obtain systems of nonlinear algebraic equations which are solved by computer in an iterative way to get the best instant benefit for each agent. This mathematical apparatus is used for the quantitative modelling of the distribution or the use of alternative resources, environmental problems, optimization of wages and insurance, network sales, and other economic activities to predict the aggregate behavior of the great mass of agents looking for instant personal benefit
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the occurrences of fake, deepfake, and post-truth as destructive social phenomena from the linguistic point of view, and concluded that such phenomena represent a real social threat to anyone who is exposed to them, they do have political consequences, and they violate the main principle of journalism.
Abstract: The paper examines the occurrences of fake, deepfake, and post-truth as destructive social phenomena from the linguistic point of view. The current situation with the amount of untruths said, euphemisms for lies used, facts withheld by those who do politics and write about it makes the study of the destructive social phenomena of special importance. The aim of the present study is to outline the linguistic factors influencing the process of fake news and deepfakes’ formation. The materials containing hoax information about Russia and its activities on the international arena serve as the research basis for the analysis. The rebuttal published on the site of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation are also analysed in order to differentiate false information and true one. The methods of linguopragmatic, discursive and linguoculturological analysis, as well as contextual study of communicative situations are used. The authors present an extended typology of pragmatic and proper speech methods and means specific to text formation of fake news and deepfakes. The definition of fake news is given. Deepfakes are another mendacious genre form in the intercultural political space. The borderline is marked between fake news, deepfakes, and post-ruth. Some rules how to distinguish fake news (deepfake) from truth are given. The conclusion is made that the destructive social phenomena under study are not innocuous forms of entertainment, they represent a real social threat to anyone who is exposed to them, they do have political consequences, and they violate the main principle of journalism — “it’s impossible to show what doesn’t exist”
TL;DR: The electric energy industry plays a crucial role in the technological support of digitalization, and this leads to an increase in the requirements for its development as mentioned in this paper, which facilitates the creation of new tasks for the investment climate in the power industry, so the development of an institutional system is justified
Abstract: The electric energy industry plays a crucial role in the technological support of digitalization, and this leads to an increase in the requirements for its development. Leading developed countries are currently under energy transition and are creating innovative, intelligent energy systems (IES) of open type, which include active consumers, distributed generation mechanisms and the introduction of renewable energy sources. One can observe a deep structural transformation, expansion of the range of participants and creation of new value chains. The development of digitalization and IES provides with new opportunities for sustainable development of the economy and society. This stage facilitates the creation of new tasks for the investment climate in the power industry, so the development of an institutional system is justified
TL;DR: This work presents a meta-analyses of the prophylactic and experimental literature on canine coronavirus, which confirmed the presence of the virus in animals and confirmed its presence in humans.
Abstract: Alexander A. Blazhko*a, Igor I. Shakhmatova,b, Igor V. Kovalevc, Valeriy I. Kiseleva,b, Yuliya A. Bondarchuka,b, Oksana M. Ulitinaa,b and Olga V. Alekseyevaa aAltai State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 40 Lenin, Barnaul, 656038, Russia bResearch Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine of SB RAS 4 Timakov Str., Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia cSiberian State Medical University 2 Moskovsky Trakt, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
TL;DR: In this paper, the stability of solid acid catalysts based on mesoporous SBA-15 and graphite-like carbon material Sibunit-4, containing SO3Hgroups, in the process of larch arabinogalactan hydrolysis at 150 °
Abstract: The toxic and corrosive mineral acids are used traditionally in the processes of plant polysaccharides hydrolysis. The use of solid acid catalysts improves the environmental safety of hydrolysis processes and simplifies the separation of the catalyst from the reaction products. The stability of solid acid catalysts based on mesoporous SBA-15 and graphite-like carbon material Sibunit-4, containing SO3Hgroups, in the process of larch arabinogalactan hydrolysis at 150 °С was studied. The compositions of the resulting hydrolysates were investigated by gas chromatography. It was established that acidmodified Sibunit-4 does not lose the catalytic activity after three cycles of hydrolysis process for a total duration of 12 hours. Modified SBA-15 catalyst was less stable at the studied conditions. The decrease of monosaccharides concentration in the hydrolysates, the changes in the structure of the catalyst and 40% loss of its weight were found after the third cycle of larch arabinogalactan hydrolysis
TL;DR: Alexeev and Alexeevad as discussed by the authors proposed a science and engineering centre for the reliability and safety of large systems and Mashines in the Ural Region of Russia (UBRAS).
Abstract: Sergey G. Alexeev*a,b, Kirill S. Alexeeva,c, Nicolay M. Barbinb,c and Dar’ya L. Alexeevad aScience and Engineering Centre “Reliability and Safety of Large Systems and Mashines” UB RAS 54а Studencheskaya Str., Yekaterinburg, 620049, Russia bUral Institute of State Fire Service of Emercom of Russia 22 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg, 620062, Russia cUral State Agrarian University 42 Karla Libknekhta Str., Yekaterinburg, 620075, Russia dChemical Technology Institute of Ural Federal University named by the first President of Russia B.N. El’tzin 28 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg, 620062, Russia
TL;DR: In this article, the authors aim at clarifying whether international educational projects offer a real assistance in developing the students' personal, spiritual and moral qualities such as interethnic tolerance as well as analyzing the character, dynamics, and direction of inter-ethnic communication.
Abstract: The article aims at clarifying whether international educational projects offer a real assistance in developing the students’ personal, spiritual and moral qualities such as interethnic tolerance as well as at analyzing the character, dynamics, and direction of interethnic communication. From the standpoint of pedagogy, international projects are viewed as an opportunity to show an individual’s ethnicity in professional and interpersonal spheres and a step forward to interethnic interaction based on international cooperation. The results of the empirical research prove efficiency and productivity of international projects as a powerful mechanism of personal growth, development, and self-perfection. They also make it possible to trace the perspective ways of development of interethnic cooperation between Russia and its European partners in the educational sphere. To sum up, international projects enhance teaching and learning opportunities, enlarge the sphere of professional and interpersonal communication, and provide a real support in the production of a new type of specialist – a person with a planetary way of thinking, able to work and study in a multicultural educational environment, flexible and ready for dynamic changes in a globalizing world.
TL;DR: Sergei V. Baryshnikova, Angelina V. Miroshnikovaa, Alexandr S. Kazachenkoa, Yuriy N. Malyara,c, Oxana P. Tarana and Boris N. Kuznetsov as mentioned in this paper
Abstract: Sergei V. Baryshnikova, Angelina V. Miroshnikovaa, Alexandr S. Kazachenkoa, Yuriy N. Malyara,c, Oxana P. Tarana,c, Alexandr V. Lavrenovb, Laurent Djakovitchd and Boris N. Kuznetsov*a,c aInstitute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SB RAS FRC “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS” 50/24 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia bCenter of New Chemical Technologies BIC SB RAS 54 Neftezavodskaya Str., Omsk, 644040, Russia cSiberian Federal University 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia dInstitute of Research on Catalysis and the Environment of Lyon 2 Albert Einstein, Lyon, F-69626, France
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the question how the concept of university identity may be suited to address the relationship between present and past and explore how to identify the contemporary university from the historical perspective.
Abstract: This study explores the question how the concept of university identity may be suited to address the relationship between present and past. As two central notions social identity and reputation are discussed. We presume that reputation is a socially distributed representation that monitors social identity. The analysis provides that self presentation from the historical perspective serves as an efficient way of identification of the contemporary university. Addressing history is not only part of new promotional culture. This is a symbolic representation of the modern university’s social embeddedness. The major implication is that the university acts a partner of the state. Historical reference acts as an ideological construction, i. e. a symbolic representation of values, concepts and arguments for achieving the goals of the university corporation as part of the Russian nationhood. Events of the past become the standard for positive evaluation and legitimization of its present functioning. We discuss the social embeddedness of Russian university based on the university websites presuming that the websites reflect the changing nature of discursive practices and provide evidence to monitor the values and identities they communicate
TL;DR: Vodyanitsky et al. as mentioned in this paper conducted a study to assess the abundance and species composition of the "spring" micrometazooplankton (MMZP), providing previously unavailable data.
Abstract: The study was carried out during the 84th expedition of RV “Professor Vodyanitsky” in the coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas from 19 to 26 April 2016. The goal of the study was to assess the abundance and species composition of the “spring” micrometazooplankton (MMZP), providing previously unavailable data. A total of 59 samples were collected at 20 stations within the upper 50-m layer of water. The average MMZP abundance in the surface layer of the Black Sea waters was 14.8 ± 5.8 thousand ind. m-3. The greatest number (up to 35 thousand ind. m-3) was observed in the coastal waters of Kalamitsky and Karkinitsky bays and the smallest (1-13 thousand ind. m-3) in the waters of the south coast of Crimea. In the Azov Sea, MMZP abundance was almost one order of magnitude higher and ranged from 52.4 to 198.6 thousand ind. m-3 in the surface layer and from 39.0 to 89.0 thousand ind. m-3 in the bottom layer. The species composition of the MMZP in the Black Sea waters was characterized by the predominance of the crustacean fraction with copepods as its major part (81.9 and 77.4% of the total abundance, respectively). In the Azov Sea, meroplanktonic larvae of barnacles dominated, constituting over 65%; larvae of polychaetes, bivalve veligers, and rotifers were also abundant. The vertical distribution patterns were determined by the biotope and predominant composition of MMZP. The abundance maxima in the middle and lower layers of the water column in the shallow-water zones were associated with veligers of mollusks while copepods were responsible for the local maxima in different layers of deeper habitats, where they dominated.
TL;DR: This review includes systems based on nanotechnology, in particular, for the sustained release of active ingredients for pest control, nutrition and plant growth, and certain technological challenges that must be addressed to allow the adoption of this technology for wider use in agri-food production.
Abstract: Due to the excessive use of chemical agents in agriculture, numerous problems have arisen, such as contamination of the environment, intoxication of non-target organisms and the development of resistance mechanisms by pests. To overcome these challenges, several sustainable technological approaches are being explored, and nanotechnology is one of them. This review aims to provide insights into the use of nanotechnology related to the agricultural sector. Articles were selected using the Web of Science and Science Direct databases; more than 50 manuscripts between 2015 and 2019 were reviewed. This review includes systems based on nanotechnology, in particular, for the sustained release of active ingredients for pest control, nutrition and plant growth. Nanoparticle-based formulations have great potential to increase agricultural productivity and reduce health and environmental impacts. However, there are certain technological challenges that must be addressed to allow the adoption of this technology for wider use in agri-food production
TL;DR: The study showed that germinating T. chinensis seeds use prolamins, which support the hypothesis on the adaptive role of prolamin dynamics during germination, as they contain amino acids essential for the seedling.
Abstract: This paper presents the results of research of Tripogon chinensis adaptation mechanisms to the environmental conditions. This relict cereal grows on petrophytic parts of the slopes, where it is affected by extreme environmental factors (temperature variations, lack of water, insolation, etc.). This cereal reproduces by seeds. Under such growth conditions, to be able to germinate and continue growing, the plant must effectively use the available moisture and the seed storage compounds. Experiments with seeds germinated under different moisture conditions showed the ability of T. chinensis seeds to germinate in substrates with widely varying moisture contents. Increased moisture adversely affected the process of germination and growth of the cereal. Seed storage proteins play a special role because they are used as source of amino acids for the synthesis of proteins necessary for the plant. Determination of the fraction composition of T. chinensis seed storage proteins showed the high content of albumins and globulins (45% of the total weight of storage proteins), which ensured germination under water deficit. The study showed that germinating T. chinensis seeds use prolamins (their concentration decreases fourfold during germination). The considerable prolamin content of seeds (37%) and prolamin dynamics during germination support the hypothesis on the adaptive role of prolamins, as they contain amino acids essential for the seedling. Thus, morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of this cereal characterize it as a xerophytic species, which developed due to a combination of environmental factors of the Eastern Transbaikal region.
TL;DR: In this article, the recovery of gold (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions on carbon-based nanotube material at elevated temperatures under autoclave conditions was investigated. But the results were limited to 240 minutes.
Abstract: The paper deals with the recovery of gold (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions on carbon based nanotube material at elevated temperatures under autoclave conditions. It is established that the quantitative recovery of gold (III) from hydrochloric acid solution upon its contact with carbon material occurs at a temperature of 170 °C for 240 minutes. The morphological features of metallic gold particles are studies by scanning electron microscopy.
TL;DR: In this article, the results of a study of the influence quantity of the educational resources of the Moscow Electronic School project on the professional qualities of teachers working under the International Baccalaureate programmes are presented.
Abstract: The results of a study of the influence quantity of the educational resources of the Moscow Electronic School project on the professional qualities of teachers working under the International Baccalaureate programmes are presented in the article. A comparison of the effectiveness of teachers’ work at Moscow schools of the International Baccalaureate system, who are enrolled in master’s degree programmes at Moscow City University and use these resources as an object and a tool for education, was used as the main research method. The proposed changes to the teacher training system, applied in connection with the possibility of their participation in the development and assessment of the Moscow Electronic School project’s educational resources effectiveness are described in the article, an example of students’ creative projects is provided. In conclusion, based on the data available from the experiments, the trends of the described electronic resources’ influence on the effectiveness of collective, creative and result-oriented educational activities, typical for the International Baccalaureate’s approaches are identified. Conclusions about improving teachers’ professional qualities in the field of educational, extracurricular and scientific-methodological activities are made