Showing papers in "Journal of the American College of Cardiology in 1991"

TL;DR: The Canadian Atrial Fibrillation Anticoagulation Study was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess the potential of warfarin to reduce systemic thromboembolism and its inherent risk of hemorrhage.

TL;DR: A simple method of assessment based on heart rate variability and the signal-averaged ECG can select a small subgroup of survivors of myocardial infarction at high risk of future life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden death.

TL;DR: Invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed in patients who presented with congestive heart failure, normal left ventricular ejection fraction and no significant coronary or valvular heart disease and in 10 age-matched normal subjects, and patients demonstrated a shift of theleft ventricular end-diastolic pressure-volume relation upward and to the left at rest.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that restenosis is a manifestation of the general wound healing response expressed specifically in vascular tissue, and probably requires both creation of the largest possible residual lumen and substantial inhibition of intimal hyperplasia.

TL;DR: No data are available about the extent to which pharmacological or nonpharmacological interventions in patients with late potentials have an impact on the incidence of sudden cardiac death, so controlled, prospective studies are required before this issue can be resolved.

TL;DR: Overall, transesophageal echocardiography identifies potential cardiac sources of embolism in the majority of patients presenting with unexplained stroke.

TL;DR: To compare the hemodynamic and gas exchange responses of ramp treadmill and cycle ergometer tests with standard exercise protocols used clinically, 10 patients with chronic heart failure, 10 with coronary artery disease who were asymptomatic during exercise and 10 age-matched normal subjects performed maximal exercise using six different exercise protocols.

TL;DR: In a patient with an embolic event, the thoracic aorta should be considered as a potential source of embolism, and when it is identified, an invasive aortic procedure should be avoided if possible.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the duration of tilting at 60 degrees should be 45 min (mean time to syncope +2 x SD in the 53 patients with abnormal results), and head-up tilt may be less useful in youthful subjects with vasovagal syncope than in other subjects.

TL;DR: It is proposed that patients with syndrome X have a patchily distributed abnormal constriction of coronary prearteriolar vessels not involved in metabolic autoregulation of flow, which could be caused by lack of endothelium-derived relaxing factor flow-mediated vasodilation, by abnormal nervous stimuli or by a combination of these two mechanisms.

TL;DR: Morphometric analysis revealed that the extent of intimal proliferation was significantly greater in lesions with evidence of medial or adventitial tears than in patients with no or only intimal tears, providing a pathologic background for clinical reports that restenosis is predominantly found within 6 months after coronary angioplasty.

TL;DR: Left atrial spontaneous echo contrast is a common finding in patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography, associated with conditions favoring stasis of left atrial blood, and a marker of previous thromboembolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and those with mitral stenosis or mitral valve replacement.

TL;DR: Obesity is significantly correlated with left ventricular mass, even after controlling for age and blood pressure, and the increase in left Ventricular mass associated with increasing adiposity reflects increases in bothleft ventricular wall thickness andLeft ventricular internal dimension.

TL;DR: The Multi-Hospital Eastern Atlantic Restenosis Trial group obtained follow-up angiography in 510 patients with 598 successfully dilated coronary lesions who were enrolled in a controlled trial of the effects of a single dose of methylprednisolone on restenosis after coronary angioplasty to indicate that the probability of restenotic after angiopLasty is determined predominantly by the characteristics of the lesion being dilated.

TL;DR: Pacing in Sinus Node Dysfunction and Prevention and Termination of Tachyarrhythmias by Pacing.

TL;DR: It is concluded that an atrial septal aneurysm occurs commonly in patients with unexplained stroke, is more frequently detected by transesophageal echocardiography than by surface echOCardiography and is usually associated with right to left atrial shunting.

TL;DR: The technique of spectral analysis of heart rate variability provides a dynamic map of sympathetic and parasympathetic tone and was thus used to define the nature of sympathetic-parasympathy interactions in humans with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and in a paced canine model of congestive heart failure.

TL;DR: It is suggested that transesophageal echocardiography is highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis and significantly more sensitive than transthoracic echOCardiography.

TL;DR: Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who had a history of chest pain had more pronounced impairment of coronary vasodilator reserve than did those without a historyof chest pain.

TL;DR: The electrocardiographic changes consistent with ischemia during the 4 day perioperative period were documented and characterized in 100 patients with or at risk for coronary artery disease undergoing noncardiac surgery and postoperative ischemic episodes were the most severe.

TL;DR: One hundred patients (32 male) aged 5 months to 82 years (median 32 years) underwent 106 surgical procedures for 112 mechanical prosthetic valves obstructed by a thrombus or pannus between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 1989.

TL;DR: Although substantial continued effort is necessary to explore the basic aspects of cellular proliferation and mechanical alteration of atherosclerotic vessels, attention to the principles of clinical trials and observation are required to detect the impact of risk factors and interventions on the multifactorial problem of restenosis.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate the clinical potential of dynamic gadolinium-DTPA-enhanced NMR imaging for the assessment of coronary artery disease in patients with chest pain and has the potential to provide a comprehensive noninvasive cardiac evaluation of patients with suspected coronary arteries disease.

TL;DR: Plasma levels of endothelin-1 rose sharply after myocardial infarction, and left ventricular ejection fraction did not correlate with the increase in endothelins-1 in group I patients, whereas there was a significant inverse relation between ventricular function and plasma endothelimus in group II.

TL;DR: The clinical course and outcome of 55 fetuses with complete atrioventricular (AV) block detected prenatally were studied to identify factors that affect the natural history of this lesion.

TL;DR: A new clinicopathologic classification of myocarditis is identified in which four distinct subgroups are identified, characterized by a persistent histologic infiltrate, often with foci of myocyte necrosis but without ventricular dysfunction despite other cardiovascular symptoms such as chest pain or palpitation.

TL;DR: Although current pharmacologic approaches have been largely ineffective in eliminating acute reocclusion and chronic restenosis, recent advances in the research in thrombosis, platelet receptors and smooth muscle growth regulation have allowed new therapeutic options to be tested in the experimental setting.

TL;DR: In native left-sided valve endocarditis, vegetation size, extent, mobility and consistency were all found to be significant univariate predictors of complications, and in multivariate analysis, vegetation Size, extent and mobility emerged as optimal predictors.

TL;DR: On the basis of clinical presentation and laboratory features, patients with combined primary pulmonary hypertension and portal hypertension seldom represent a diagnostic challenge and the survival rate is poor and worse than that seen in isolatedPrimary pulmonary hypertension.

TL;DR: A congenitally malformed aortic valve appears to be present at least 5 times more frequently in adults with than in those without aorti dissection, and in patients the entrance tear was always in the ascending aorta, which usually had severe loss of elastic fibers in its media.