Showing papers in "Mycoscience in 2018"

TL;DR: The study revealed a high diversity of fungi associated with orchid roots, contributing to a better understanding of specific relationships between epiphytic orchids and their root-associated fungi.

TL;DR: Analyses of morphological traits and molecular sequence data led to identifications of the causal agents of the powdery mildew diseases involved, and a new species of Phyllactinia on Mimosa malacophylla is described, morphologically similar to P. dalbergiae but readily distinguishable by differences in the asexual morph.

TL;DR: Sequence data from a broad geographical region and different habitats show that the Inocybe praetervisa clade is comprised of four closely related species, which are characterized by having nodulose spores and a stipe that is abundantly pruinose only in the upper half.

TL;DR: Generalist mycobionts may be relevant for the preservation of hyperdiverse orchid communities in the tropics and a significantly nested network architecture indicated the existence of a core of generalist Tulasnellaceae OTUs interacting with both rare and common orchids.

TL;DR: The Japanese golden chanterelle commonly identified as Cantharellus cibarius was sampled in a broad range of forest vegetation and exhibited macroscopic and microscopic differences compared with C. cibarius, but the two species were phylogenetically distinct.

TL;DR: Analysis of the large subunit rDNA D1/D2 domain and internal transcribed spacer region sequences indicated that these strains represent a novel species, and the name Mrakia arctica sp.

TL;DR: Methanolysis of sunflower oil catalyzed by immobilized Aspergillus niger mycelium was studied in a packed-bed reactor and the biodiesel fuel yield reached 23.1% after sixth pass of recycled reaction mixture through the reactor.

TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) ribosomal (r) DNA sequence data shows that Diaporthosporellaceae forms a distinct family within diaporthales.

TL;DR: The effects of soil-fungus interactions on the early stage of in-vitro T. matsutake ectomycorrhization were examined, finding that both soil type and fungal strain significantly affected host plant growth and mycorrhizing levels significantly differed among soil type/fungal strain combinations.

TL;DR: Morphological features of KS93 were distinct from those of any other taxa in the Chytriomycetaceae and from any described chytrids and were described as Pendulichytrium sphaericum gen. et sp.

TL;DR: A checklist of Amazonian Cyathus species with detailed descriptions, illustrations and comments of five uncommon species are given, and a new species named C. albinus is proposed with morphological and molecular data, being mainly characterized by a light color hirsute exoperidium contrasting with a dark brown emplacement.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the hyphal growth of brown rot fungi might be physiologically adapted to higher temperatures than those of white rot fungi among the fungal species inhabiting deadwood of P. densiflora in Japan.

TL;DR: Six new combinations of Xylodon are proposed to accommodate species originally classified under Hyphodontia s.l. with poroid, irpicoid or raduloid hymenophores is provided for the convenience in identification.

TL;DR: Based on detailed morphological examinations correlating with results of molecular sequence analyses, it is proposed to divide E. gracilis into six species, encompassing three new species ( E. uncinuloides, E.pseudogracilis , and E. longiappendiculata ), one new name ( E-longifilamentosa ), and two known species (E. hiratae ).

TL;DR: Findings confirmed that fungi derived from these two Nymphaea species were a novel source of bioactive metabolites.

TL;DR: Investigating whether the level of infection correlates with the age of the M. scabrinodis host consistently found that older hosts exhibited higher parasite load, even though the infection level of the different colonies varied widely.

TL;DR: A culture-dependent approach was used to investigate root-associated fungal communities in Fagaceae roots at four fagaceous species-dominant forests in Japan, in which a globally-distributed putative endophytic group in Hyaloscyphaceae predominated.

TL;DR: Two American grapevine leaf rust fungi, Phakopsora muscadiniae and P. uva, were found to be phylogenetically different from Asian-Australasian GLR fungi, and it is assumed that the Brazilian GLR fungus originated from an inadvertently introduced Thai population.

TL;DR: Three rust fungi from high mountains and pear-producing areas in Taiwan were described using morphological and molecular data based on 34 specimens and demonstrated to produce spermogonia and aecia on Sorbus randaiensis based on molecular analyses and inoculation experiments.

TL;DR: During the DNA sequence analyses of specimens on Quercus subgenus Cyclobalanopsis deposited as Erysiphe gracilis or Cystotheca wrightii, some specimens exhibited DNA sequences that are different from the sequences of the two species, and the true causal agent was identified as E. quercicola.

TL;DR: In the infection experiments, ectomycorrhizal fungal spores applied in the vicinity of underground host-plant roots were more effective in forming ectomyCorrhiza than those applied to the ground surface, suggesting that belowground transportation of spores by M. angustifrons larvae could enhance ectomy Corrhiza formation.

TL;DR: The geographical distribution of corticolous myxomycetes associated with the bark of Cryptomeria japonica trees, which was sampled extensively throughout Japan, determined based on temperature and bark pH, which acted as local barriers in the study area.

TL;DR: Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on only nrLSU and the concatenated (nrLSU D1/D2 + ITS) sequences revealed that the 35 Takamatsuzuka and Kitora Tumuli isolates of Cladophialophora and the chaetothyrialean black fungi were divergent.

TL;DR: Clinical isolates were generally low in saccharifying abilities, while all strains from southwest China had an excellent diastatic power, providing additional phenotypic support for recognization of this genetically distinct lineage (var. delemar) as a separate species.

TL;DR: Molecular analyses from the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) show that the subtropical alpine species is distinct from hitherto known Ossicaulis species and has a close relationship to O. lachnopus.

TL;DR: Molecular analysis of the D1/D2 domain sequence of the large subunit rDNA showed that this species is novel and could grow at sub-zero temperatures and in vitamin-free media, likely acquired by the yeast to survive in extreme, perennially cold oligotrophic environments.

TL;DR: Six compounds isolated from the fruiting bodies of Cortinarius caperatus inhibited growth of Flammulina velutipes mycelia and exhibited growth regulatory activities toward rice seedlings, while compounds 3, 5, and 6 regulated the growth of lettuce.

TL;DR: H. geniculatus, H. torquatus, and related taxa were sought by comparing the sequences of their ITS barcode of the nuc rDNA and a synopsis of the 13 accepted Helicomyces species is given.

TL;DR: A new species, Mortierella sugadairana, is described for a fungus forming homothallic zygospores with a club-shaped macrosusp sensor and a microsuspensor originating from the macrosuspensor, morphologically and phylogenetically close to a heterothallic species M. parvispora.

TL;DR: In this article, the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA from the fungal samples revealed that all isolates belonged to the genus Coprinellus in the family Psathyrellaceae.