Showing papers in "Natural Product Reports in 2016"

TL;DR: The integrated inventory of these compounds and their biological macromolecular end-points highlights the opportunities that phytocannabinoids offer to access desirable drug-like space beyond the one associated to the narcotic target CB1.

TL;DR: Different approaches of mining genomes for secondary metabolites are focused, from detecting biosynthetic genes to resistance based methods and "evo-mining" strategies including a short evaluation of the impact of the development of genome mining methods and tools on the field of natural products and microbial ecology.

TL;DR: The biosynthesis of natural products that are generated by trans-AT polyketide synthases, a family of catalytically versatile enzymes that represents one of the major group of proteins involved in the production of bioactive polyketides, is discussed.

TL;DR: This review article exploits the most common fragmentation reactions for ions generated by ESI in positive and negative modes using collision cells in an effort to stimulate the use of this technique by non-specialists, undergraduate students and researchers in related areas.

TL;DR: This review describes 564 of the latest examples of naturally occurring lignans and neolignans, and their glycosides in some cases, which have been isolated between 2009 and 2015 and highlights the biosynthesis and total synthesis of some important ones.

TL;DR: This review focuses on chemical probes to identify the protein binding partners of natural products in living systems and their applications in medicine and science.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the molecular bases for their biosyntheses, which were recently elucidated with modern techniques, and also discusses the plausible biosynthetic pathways of other related natural products lacking genetic information.

TL;DR: This review summarises the accumulated knowledge about characterised bacterial terpene cyclases and the special cases of the geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol synthases that are both particularly widespread in bacteria.

TL;DR: The major advances made over the last decade in engineering the biosynthesis of nonribosomal peptides are reviewed and the new synthetic biology technologies promising to speed up the process are reviewed, enabling the creation and optimisation of many more assembly lines for heterologous expression.

TL;DR: The major active clerodanes of Salvia divinorum can be used as novel opioid receptor probes, allowing greater insight into opioid receptor-mediated phenomena, as well as opening additional areas for chemical investigation.

TL;DR: This work examines cases where TEs act as logic gates that ask a particular question about the substrate and use this information to determine the substrate's fate, as well as highlighting work towards the goal of predicting TE function in unknown and engineered pathways.

TL;DR: Some approaches to asymmetrically access ATAs are reviewed and an overview of alkaloid total syntheses where those have been employed is provided and it is provided that fewer methods than previously described are commonly used in synthesis.

TL;DR: The past two decades of research have codified the principles of assembly line enzymology for hundreds of nonribosomal peptides and in parallel for thousands of polyketides and revitalized natural product biosynthetic communities.

TL;DR: In the face of many failures, the heady days of imagining the possibilities for a truly 'combinatorial biosynthesis' of polyketides have faded and it is now more appropriate to talk about 'PKS synthetic biology' with its more modest goals of delivering specific derivatives of known structure in combination with and as a complement to synthetic chemistry approaches.

TL;DR: This review covers recent developments and challenges in the engineering of native and heterologous microbial hosts for the production of bacterial natural products, focusing on the genetic tools and strategies for strain improvement.

TL;DR: This Highlight examines the increasing popularity of small- to large-sized screening libraries generated directly from isolated natural products, and how this strategy can lead to improvements in not only potency but also other important drug discovery parameters such as toxicity, selectivity, lipophilicity and bioavailability.

TL;DR: Structural details of these essential components of the NRPS machinery, integrated in a didomain (PCP-C) and an elongation module (C-A-PCP), were used to generate a model for a multimodular NRPS assembly line.

TL;DR: Current techniques in phytochemical analysis and the identification of biologically active components are discussed, indicating the necessity for the development of a rapid method for the Identification of novel compounds from plant extracts.

TL;DR: Applications of photoredox catalysis to the synthesis of natural products and related complex molecules are reviewed, showcasing a range of powerful transformations that include: reductive couplings, photocycloadditions, intermolecular C-H functionalisation processes, fragmentations, and cyclisations.

TL;DR: A concise overview as an introductory guide to the main methods employed to unlock or up-regulate these so called 'cryptic', 'silent' and 'orphan' gene clusters, and increase the production of the encoded natural product.

TL;DR: This review focuses on and reports case studies of the latest advances in target protein identification methods for label-free natural products, including drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), stability of proteins from rates of oxidation, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), thermal proteome profiling (TPP), and bioinformatics-based analysis of connectivity.

TL;DR: The different innovative methods to respond to the challenge of characterizing the mode of action for antibacterial natural products have cumulatively built useful frameworks that may advocate a renovated interest in natural product drug discovery programs.

TL;DR: This Review focuses on selected case studies of recent applications of C-H oxidation methodologies in which the C- H bond has been exploited effectively to construct C-O and C-N bonds in natural product syntheses.

TL;DR: Recent advances in DNA assembly and host engineering are described and their applications in natural product discovery and engineering are highlighted.

TL;DR: This manuscript provides an overview of the promoter control elements for streptomycetes and examples of their successful application in refactoring the biosynthetic pathways of natural products.

TL;DR: Understanding of the chemical and physical mechanisms utilized by the chirality-molding enzymes of modular PKSs is rapidly advancing, and the body of knowledge for how stereocenters are set is now large enough to begin constructing physical models of key reactions.

TL;DR: The last decade has seen the first major discoveries regarding the genomic basis of plant natural product biosynthetic pathways.

TL;DR: The current review covers the basic mechanistic aspects of metal catalysis in cycloisomerization reactions and their progress to the synthesis of selected complex sesquiterpenoids.

TL;DR: Recent advances in target identification of natural products and bioactive compounds by using affinity-based probes by using photoactivatable groups are highlighted, with a focus on work done in recent years and from the laboratory.

TL;DR: An overview of recent advances in understanding the diversity of polyketide synthase (PKS) substrate building blocks is provided.