Showing papers in "Nutrition Research in 1997"

TL;DR: In this article, an in vitro procedure to measure the rate of starch digestion in starchy common foodstuffs was developed, and a first-order equation that rules the hydrolytic process was found: CC∞ (1−e −kt ).

TL;DR: There is a growing interest in CLA, considered to be beneficial in prevention of carcinogenesis, and its percentage in milk products can be increased through a suitable dietary regimen.

TL;DR: Isoflavones appear to have potential promise for maintaining or modestly improving bone mass of human subjects when consumed at optimal dosages, and particularly genistein and daidzein have modest positive effects on bone tissue.

TL;DR: It is concluded that this questionnaire is suitable for dietary surveys in Hong Kong Chinese and may be used for quantitation of nutrient intakes in studies examining dietary components as risk factors.

TL;DR: This review summarizes important new developments in beta-carotene research, and provides an interpretation of how these results reflect the impact of beta- carotene and human health.

TL;DR: A general linear modelling analysis of data collected from a representative sample of men and women living in Brisbane City (Australia) shows that women's greater compliance with dietary guideline food behaviors is due in part to their greater liking for the taste of healthy foods.

TL;DR: In this article, the eating behaviors of 26 French, 140 American, and 50 Dutch university students were measured with a diet diary technique to establish the generalizability or cultural specificity of the factors that influence the ad libitum eating patterns of free-living humans.

TL;DR: Recognition of fluoride essentiality for human health, rather than just being classified as beneficial, is likely to be forthcoming especially if reduction of a chronic disease is added to the criteria that establish a recommended dietary allowance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantified the concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in human milk and infant formula and found that human milk contained significantly more (P < 0.0001) CLA than did the samples of infant formula containing measurable concentrations.

TL;DR: The scores developed were correlated with nutrient and food group intake, and may be suitable for assessment of these attributes of diet quality when only limited dietary information is available.

TL;DR: A clear need for a shift from the naked concept of "deficiency" or "excess" to a global perspective of "balance" emerges from the analysis performed.

TL;DR: It is indicated that a long-term feeding of sphingolipids can modify plasma and hepatic cholesterol and glyceride metabolism without significant effects on tissue sphingoipid and phospholipid levels.

TL;DR: The authors examined the likely cognitive and social ideological influences associated with teenage vegetarianism and found that FSV exhibited more concern about their appearance, greater use of TV programs for behavioural modelling, and greater prevalence of extreme weight loss behaviours.

TL;DR: It is suggested that dietary myo-inositol and phytate both can protect sucrose-fed animals against an accumulation of hepatic lipids, which might be at least in part ascribed to the depression in the hepaticlipogenesis.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of whey protein (WP) and fractionated WP (HWP; heat-stable WP, LWP; low M.W., EWP; ethanol-precipitated WP) on calcium and bone metabolism in OVX rats were studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the impact of fermentation characteristics of fibrous ingredients on short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and gas composition and found that differences in SCFA and gas production may affect clinical properties.

TL;DR: The potentially favourable effects of increasing the concentrations of vitamin D, testosterone and oestrogen on chronic diseases need to be balanced against the reduction in HDL3-cholesterol.

TL;DR: The data presented in this study with the hamster model supports the cholesterol-lowering effect of soluble fiber previously reported in other species, but does not support all reports concerning oils and nonsaponifiable oil constituents in this respect.

TL;DR: At current levels of consumption, added sugar is not the cause of chronic or acute diseases, other than dental caries.

TL;DR: Although total triglycerides in plasma was lowered by raffinose, this sugar did not affect concentrations of plasma cholesterol or high density lipoproteins (HDL), however, a significant increase in the HDL cholesterol was observed in response to a concurrent administration of raff inose plus LAB.

TL;DR: The heritability of social effects on food and fluid intake was investigated with 110 identical and 102 fraternal same-sex and 53 fraternal mixed gender adult twin pairs who were paid to maintain 7-day food intake diaries to suggest responses to environmental stimuli are influenced by the genes.

TL;DR: No relationship was found between the effects of treatment on glycaemic response and satiety in normal weight, non-diabetic males.

TL;DR: In this article, a review presented new information that documents a role for dietary lipids and antioxidants in supporting bone formation and cartilage function for optimal health, which supports the idea that dietary fatty acids and antioxidants can attenuate osteoclastic activity to reduce the severity of osteolytic diseases of the bone and joint.

TL;DR: The serum IgE levels were significantly decreased in mice fed the NT(+) diet, and the serum immunoglobulin levels were also significantly decreased, indicating that dietary nucleotides have an impact on the immune response balance.

TL;DR: Interventions to prevent diabetes in the community should include culturally appropriate and effective ways to improve the nutritional adequacy of the diet, reduce fat intake and increase the use of less refined carbohydrate foods.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that in hamsters feeding CHI is associated with a reduced food intake and that the cholesterol-lowering effect seems mainly related to an increase in the fecal excretion of neutral sterols.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of soy protein isolate with normal isoflavone content (soy) and with reduced iso-lactone content(soy-), ipriflavone (IP), a synthetic is oflavone; and 17β-estradiol (E2) on lipid metabolism in ovariectomized (ovx) rats were compared.

TL;DR: In the present group of women with a high prevalence of iron deficiency, total iron intake, habitual dieting for weight loss, and smoking rather than red meat consumption were key determinants of iron status.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of tea on iron absorption and intestinal permeability in rats were assessed in two experiments and the results showed that iron absorption was lower when given with tea at both iron concentrations but tea did not affect lactulose excretion.

TL;DR: Tocotrienols and α-tocopherol enhanced the serum cholesterol-lowering effect of dietary squalene without increasing further the cholesterol ester accumulation activity in the liver of the hamster.