Showing papers in "Peptides in 1992"

TL;DR: Results revealed that ICV injection of antisera to NPY, which should inactivate endogenous NPy, produced a concentration-dependent suppression of eating induced by mild food deprivation, suggesting that endogenous NPY mediates the eating produced by deprivation.

TL;DR: The results suggest the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis are a major forebrain source of CRF, neurotensin, somatostatin, and substance P terminals in the midbrain central gray.

TL;DR: A physiological role for AT2 receptors in the process of tissue repair is suggested after 3 days after wounding when the expression of angiotensin II receptors was significantly enhanced in the dermis and in a localized band within the superficial dermis of the skin surrounding the wound.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that PACAP reduces food intake after intracerebroventricular injection in food-deprived mice, and this decrease in food intake is, in part, compensated for by an increase in other behaviors.

TL;DR: Results suggest that septide, [Apa9-10]SP, and [Pro9, 10]SP exert their high contracting activity in the guinea pig ileum by acting on a new subtype of tachykinin receptors.

TL;DR: A sparse to moderate supply of nerve fibers containing neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity (NPY-LI), vasoactive intestinal polypeptides (VIP-LI, substance P), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP-LI) was demonstrated in the walls of human middle meningeal arteries, indicating a similar distribution and density.

TL;DR: It is suggested that human brain natriuretic peptide is present in the human brain mainly as larger molecular weight forms.

TL;DR: While CRF administration impairs intake in these and other feeding paradigms, alpha-hel CRF actually facilitated dose dependently the intensity of the feeding response to NPY and tail pinch, suggesting that endogenous CRF systems may play a role in modulating excessive feeding under conditions of evoked appetite.

TL;DR: It has been found that 10(-6) M GLP-1(7-36)-amide increases cyclic AMP content in adipocytes and does not compete with glucagon binding and is demonstrated to have a lipolytic effect on isolated rat adipocytes through different receptors than glucagon.

TL;DR: A myotropic peptide, named orcokinin, was isolated from abdominal nerve cords of the crayfish, Orconectes limosus, and its amino acid sequence was determined as follows; there is no sequence similarity to any known neuropeptide.

TL;DR: Immunohistochemical techniques localized FMRFamide-like material in several regions of these organisms, including the nerve cords and, most prominently, in paired groups of cells located caudally to the base of the pharynx.

TL;DR: The effect of CRH on food intake seen in animals is consistent with a putative role for CRH in clinical syndromes where appetite suppression is apparent, and strategies directed at peptidergic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders should be explored.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that oxytocin might be a potential anticompulsive agent with beneficial effects in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder is not supported.

TL;DR: A novel tetrapeptide was purified from extracts of frontal cortex of human brain tissue by several consecutive reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic steps followed by a radioimmunoassay originally developed for Tyr-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (Tyr-MIF-1), and Sequencing, mass spectrometric analysis, and comparison of its chromatography behavior with that of the synthetic peptide confirmed the structure.

TL;DR: The existence of differential patterns of peptidergic nerves suggests that peptides exert their effects on pancreatic functions via different pathways.

TL;DR: In vitro autoradiography revealed binding sites localized over islet cells, acinar and duct cells, as well as the pancreatic vasculature, and confirmed the predominance of the AT2 receptor subtype throughout the pancreas.

TL;DR: The distribution of neurokinin B in the rat brain was similar to the distribution of substance P; however, there were several regions where the two distributions were clearly different.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided in support of the potential role of sensory nerve-derived neuropeptides in the modulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells.

TL;DR: Structural analyses of rainbow trout NPY may indicate that, in this group of salmonid fishes, a single member of the NPY/PP peptide family is expressed in both neurons and peripheral endocrine cells.

TL;DR: The results suggest that although AMY has adipsic effects, the reduction in water is not of sufficient magnitude to cause the anorexia, and the failure of AMY to support a conditioned taste aversion suggests that AMY does not causeAnorexia by inducing malaise.

TL;DR: The in vivo and in vitro methods have been used together to develop halogenated enkephalin analogs that are enzymatically resistant, cross the BBB readily to accumulate in areas of the brain rich in opiate receptors, and are powerful analgesics.

TL;DR: The DGAVP dose improved delayed recognition of abstract words when measured 1 week after treatment and reduced the intercept of a memory comparison task (Sternberg paradigm) and of the mood measures, vigor was reduced immediately after treatment with OXT.

TL;DR: It is concluded that insulin deficiency is a major stimulus to hypothalamic NPY in STZ-D, whereas hyperglycemia may exert an inhibitory influence, which supports the hypothesis that hypothalamicNPY responds to specific metabolic cues and is involved in regulating energy balance and conserving body weight.

TL;DR: Results indicated that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) significantly improved memory retention in rats, suggesting that there are new protein syntheses in the hippocampus that are specifically associated with passive avoidance learning in rats.

TL;DR: CCK seems to be an important regulation factor in response to anticipatory stress.

TL;DR: Increased NPY levels in the ARC, the major site of hypothalamic NPY synthesis, suggests increased NPYergic activity in cp/cp rats; given the central actions of NPY, this could contribute to hyperphagia, obesity, and hyperinsulinemia in this syndrome.

TL;DR: While opioid ligands suppress [Ca2+]i by blocking voltage-operated Ca2+ influx, the antiopioid effect of CCK-8 seems to be operated via mobilization of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores.

TL;DR: It is concluded that alpha-MSH stimulates the expression of B-50/GAP43 (sprouting) and the formation of NF (neurite elongation) and may therefore be considered a neurotrophic factor.

TL;DR: The primary structure of two peptides that were extracted from a cluster of neurons that innervates the penial complex and that is located in the anterior lobe of the right cerebral ganglion inhibit the contractions of the penis retractor muscles evoked by serotonin in a dose-dependent fashion.

TL;DR: PC12W cells express a homogeneous population of AT2 binding sites which differ significantly from AT1 receptors in signal transduction and molecular structure, indicating that AT2 sites may act via potentially novel, biochemical pathways or, alternatively, be vestigial receptors.