Showing papers in "Phytochemistry in 2003"

TL;DR: This article reviews their biological functions and pre-clinical studies, as well as the most recent analytical techniques concerning anthocyanin isolation and identification.

TL;DR: The distribution of secondary metabolite profiles mean that the systematic value of chemical characters becomes a matter of interpretation in the same way as traditional morphological markers and their occurrence apparently reflects adaptations and particular life strategies embedded in a given phylogenetic framework.

TL;DR: A biotechnological production of rosmarinic acid with plant cell cultures has been proposed to act as a preformed constitutively accumulated defence compound in plants.

TL;DR: The critical role of bioinformatics and various methods of data visualization are summarized and the future role of metabolomics in plant science assessed.

TL;DR: The glucosinolate content of various organs of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.

TL;DR: It was found that the decisive steps in betalain biosynthesis, i.e. condensation of the betalains chromophore betalamic acid with cyclo-dopa and amino acids or amines in the respective aldimine formation of the red-violet betacyanins and the yellow betaxanthins are most likely to be non-enzymatic.

TL;DR: Stable hydrogen and carbon isotopic compositions of individual n -alkanes were determined for various terrestrial plants and aquatic plants in natural environments from Japan and Thailand and are distinctive for these various plant classes.

TL;DR: Of all these extracts, AP4 showed maximum inhibition in the TBARS formation and hence is considered the best antioxidant among these four extracts, which were examined for their potential as antioxidants.

TL;DR: Recent contributions to the role of phenolics, especially flavonoids, in different aspects of insect-plant interactions are reviewed, including data on the effects of rutin on the feeding behaviour of a range of noctuid larvae.

TL;DR: The relatively recent demonstration that pyrophosphate-containing derivatives of Ins P(6) can function as phosphate donors in the regeneration of ATP is reminiscent of the proposal, made four decades ago in studies of seed development, that the compound itself may serve in this function.

TL;DR: The article gives a comprehensive survey on the hitherto known brassinosteroids isolated from plants and the chemical characteristic of brass inosteroids is presented.

TL;DR: The flavonol compounds identified in the petals of C. ternatea differed from those reported in previous studies, and were characterized as kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin 3-neohesperidosides, 3-rutinosides, and 3-glucosides in the same tissue.

TL;DR: The prospects for the genetic manipulation of HCAA levels in plants as a means of both defining their role in plant defence and in the generation of disease resistant plants is discussed briefly.

TL;DR: Three hydrolyzable tannins, glansrins A-C, together with adenosine, adenine, and 13 known tANNins were isolated from the n-BuOH extract of walnuts and characterized as ellagitannins with a tergalloyl group, or related polyphenolic acyl group, based on spectral and chemical evidence.

TL;DR: The non-supervised construction of a mass spectral and retention time index data base from a set of plant metabolic profiles covering major organs of potato, tobacco, and Arabidopsis thaliana, was demonstrated and hierarchical clustering was applied to a complete set of pair-wise mass spectral comparisons of unknown components and reference substances with known chemical structure.

TL;DR: GC-MS analyses of nocturnal and diurnal floral volatiles from nine tobacco species (Nicotiana; Solanaceae) suggest that phenotypic fragrance variation in Nicotiana is shaped by pollinator- and herbivore-mediated selection, biosynthetic pathway dynamics and shared evolutionary history.

TL;DR: Stevioside is a natural sweetener extracted from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni as discussed by the authors, which is suited for both diabetics, and PKU patients, as well as for obese persons intending to lose weight by avoiding sugar supplements in the diet.

TL;DR: The chemistry underlying the changes which occur during tea leaf fermentation is reviewed and used as a basis for proposals for the structure of thearubigins, the major pigments of black teas.

TL;DR: In crosses of PAL(+) tobacco with tobacco harboring the bacterial NahG salicylate hydroxylase gene, progeny harboring both transgenes lost resistance to TMV, indicating that SA is critical for resistance toTMV and that increased production of phenylpropanoid compounds such as CGA cannot substitute for the reduction in SA levels.

TL;DR: The volatile composition of eight Stachys species has been studied and the essential oil of St. scardica has been proven most active against both bacteria and fungi.

TL;DR: The phylogeny of plant glycosyltransferases is substantiated with complete phylogenetic analysis of the A. thaliana UGT multigene family, including intron-exon organization and chromosomal localization.

TL;DR: MS(n) is a particularly powerful tool for the analysis of trace levels of natural products in impure extracts as interpretation of fragmentation patterns, coupled in some instances with knowledge of HPLC retention properties, can facilitate the partial identification of components when reference compounds are unavailable.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the circadian production of volatile benzenoids in petunia W115 is, at least partly, regulated at the transcript level.

TL;DR: A prenylated flavonoid, moralbanone, along with seven known compounds, including leachianone G and alpha-acetyl-amyrin, were isolated from the root bark of Morus alba L and showed potent antiviral activity and weak activity against herpes simplex type 1 virus.

TL;DR: The combination of transcription factor-driven gene activation and suppression of a competing pathway provided a successful means of enhancing accumulation of isoflavones in soybean seed.

TL;DR: In both tomato varieties salt-treatment significantly reduced mean fruit fresh weight and size class but had no significant affect on total fruit number, while Marketable yield was however reduced in both varieties due to the occurrence of blossom end rot in response to salinity.

TL;DR: An approach to metabolite fingerprinting of crude plant extracts that utilizes 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and multivariate statistics has been tested and conclusions were drawn with respect to the identity and relative levels of metabolites differing between samples.

TL;DR: A gene encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase has been obtained from the tropical forage, Desmodium uncinatum, with the latter enzyme catalyzing formation of (+)-catechin, which may lead to a detailed understanding of how PA synthesis is controlled and to useful alterations in proanthocianidin concentration for the improvement of forage species, pulses, and other crop plants.

TL;DR: A method for the global analysis of yeast intracellular metabolites, based on electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS), has been developed and may be used for comparative analysis and screening of metabolite profiles of yeast strains and mutants under controlled conditions in order to elucidate gene function via metabolomics.