Showing papers in "Placenta in 1999"

TL;DR: A systematic literature review to quantify the risk of placental disease in the presence of vitamin B12, folate, homocyst(e)ine or methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and some pooled data were associated with significant statistical heterogeneity, however.

TL;DR: Present evidence supports an adverse effect of smoking on ovarian function which is prolonged and dose-dependent, whereas there appear to be more reversible effects on implantation and ongoing pregnancy.

TL;DR: In this article, trophoblast deportation may be part of the process by which a circulating factor derived from the placenta enters the maternal circulation, and trophoblasts were enriched using immunomagnetic beads to deplete leucocytes.

TL;DR: In pre-eclampsia, vessel cross-sections prevailed which were characterized by large numbers of macrophages but a low degree of trophoblast invasion, in contrast, in normal third trimester pregnancies the respective arterial segments had a high degree of bronchial invasion but were largely void of Macrophages.

TL;DR: It is proposed that clustered nuclei (pre-apoptotic and apoptotic) in syncytial knots probably represent the extrusion component of normal continuous epithelial turnover.

TL;DR: More work is needed to be done to understand the potential additive or synergistic effect of cocaine and cigarette smoking on fetal growth and to determine the underlying cellular mechanisms of interaction with placental amino acid transporters.

TL;DR: The presence of abnormal Doppler velocimetry of the uterine arteries in pregnancies with fetal intrauterine growth restriction is may be in fact an important indicator of hypoxic or ischaemic placental lesions.

TL;DR: Observations suggest that care should be taken in characterization of placental cell isolates; trophoblasts should be identified by the presence of cytokersatin 7 in preference to cytokeratin 8/18, and the functional significance of cytokeratins expression in placental mesenchymal cells remains to be established.

TL;DR: A potential resolution for the apparent paradox of the seemingly 'protective' effect of smoking to reduce the incidence of pre-eclampsia, one of the most serious vascular complications of pregnancy.

TL;DR: The mechanism responsible for prevention of corpus luteum regression during early pregnancy is unique and involves the production of a Type I interferon (IFN), IFN-tau (τ).

TL;DR: Expression of placental tissue protein 13 (PP13) in different human tissues was investigated by chemiluminescence Western blot analysis using monospecific anti-PP13 serum and Lysophospholipase activity of PP13 was confirmed by NMR measurements.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the RAS may have a role in the human placenta throughout gestation, and clearly show the expression of a majority of the components of the R AS in thePlacenta from early gestation onwards.

TL;DR: The determination of ploidy level by in situ hybridization with a Y-chromosome specific DNA probe showed that the majority of the fetal nuclei in touch preparations of placentomes from male fetuses are tetraploid, indicating that polyploidization is a normal feature in the development of the mostly binucleate trophoblast giant cells (TGCs).

TL;DR: It is concluded that in term placentae, leptin could mediate a growth promoting effect in the fetoplacental unit through the long form of the leptin receptor localized in the syncytiotrophoblasts.

TL;DR: A significant inverse correlation was observed between the proliferative index and gestational age as well as the apoptotic index, which provides a potential explanation for villous remodelling during trophoblastic invasion in early pregnancy.

TL;DR: The findings of an effect of VEGF on trophoblast motility (and possibly invasion) suggests the presence of functional receptors, which can mediate the actions of V EGF.

TL;DR: The triploid partial mole is a lethal fetal condition which is linked with gestational trophoblastic disorders and the perinatal diagnosis of this condition relies upon mainly on MShCG level and cytogenetic results which have to be correlated with the histopathologic diagnosis.

TL;DR: The observed change found in globoside immunoreactivity correlates well with the observation that fetal outcome is worse when maternal infection occurs during first or second trimester as compared to an infection occurring near term.

TL;DR: The intracellular localization and the tissue distribution of thioredoxin and thioringoxin reductase in human placenta are confirmed and the complete thiOREDoxin-thiored toxin reduct enzyme system in human Placenta may protect the placentA from damage caused by oxidative stress.

TL;DR: Oestradiol could be implicated in the maturation and aging of the trophoblast, as the stimulatory effects were inhibited by tamoxifen and Physiological concentrations of progesterone were ineffective in modulating troPHoblast differentiation.

TL;DR: Over expression of ERV-3 env induced differentiation of BeWo characterized by decreased cell growth, differentiation-related morphologic changes, and induction of beta-hCG mRNA, the first known role for the expression of an endogenous retrovirus in trophoblast differentiation.

TL;DR: Glutathione concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activities were often found in placenta and decidua in pre-eclampsia, probably as a compensatory mechanism to prevent further damage by peroxides, (oxygen) radicals or other toxins in the placentA or in the feto-placental interface.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that an oestrogen-dependent signalling system exists in utero that coordinates the placental and fetal dialogue critical to development of the placenta and endocrine systems underlying neonatal self-sufficiency.

TL;DR: Transplantation of preserved amniotic membrane has been known to be effective in clinical treatment of severely damaged ocular surfaces but inhibitory effects on serine proteinase such as proteinase of A. castellanii, trypsin, and plasmin and metallo- proteinase, collagenase suggest that the therapeutic effect of amniotics membrane, at least in part, may be due to the roles of proteinase inhibitors.

TL;DR: Perfused term human placenta was used to examine the activity of the oxoreductase 11beta-HSD1 and to determine the regulation of cortisol effects on placental vascular tone and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) output by 11beta -2, and these enzymes affect transplacental glucocorticoid transfer.

TL;DR: Analysis of transporter expression in day 17 placentae of mice that overexpressed bovine GH+ or that carried null gene mutations for IGF-II or IGF-Ir indicates that an excess level of GH stimulates GLT1 (EAAT2) expression and that a normal level of IGF- II is required for typical expression of GLT2, GLAST1 and EAAT1, but that IGF-I downregulates the expression of EAAT4 and CAT1.

TL;DR: The expression of 11beta-HSD-1 in human syncytiotrophoblast would be consistent with the ability of this tissue to convert cortisone to cortisol and provide a means by which transplacental transport of cortisol could regulate the fetal pituitary adrenocortical axis in the human, as recently shown experimentally in the non-human primate baboon model.

TL;DR: This was the first study of its kind, which shows that IL-6 production induced by lipopolysaccharide in cultured cells was significantly inhibited below physiological concentration of LF in the amnion, and show conclusively that LF suppresses amniotic IL- 6 production under the conditions of intrauterine infection.

TL;DR: There was no clear relationship between the MHC class I expression and NK cell resistance or susceptibility among the EVT cell lines and choriocarcinoma cells, raising the possibility that NK cells may take part in the surveillance of the invasive EVT cells during normal placentation.

TL;DR: It is reported here that a second protocol, grafting of neonatal tgepsilon26 females with immunocompetent bone marrow pretreated with antibody to Thy-1, successfully established the uNK cell lineage and ameliorated the phenotype.