Showing papers in "Process Safety and Environmental Protection in 2001"

TL;DR: In this paper, a new index named Safety Weighted Hazard Index (SWeHI) was proposed to measure the impact of safety measures on the values of the hazard indices, which can be used to identify the more hazardous units from the less hazardous ones so that greater attention can be paid to the former.

TL;DR: In this paper, a cyclic and multibed process for the continuous and energy efficient recovery of CO2 is proposed, which involves an integrated energy recovery step for the generation of steam, which is then used for the recovery of the adsorbed phase.

TL;DR: In this article, a series of jar tests using iron (III) chloride were carried out to identify factors affecting phosphorus removal, including mixing conditions and the extent of iron hydrolysis prior to reaction with phosphate ions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of a submerged MBR fitted with three pore-sized non-woven poly-propylene (NWPP) membranes has been studied, and the performance was compared with that of a conventional polysulfone (PS) membrane material.

TL;DR: Coagulation and digestion of tannery wastewater were investigated in this paper, and the results indicated that coagulation considerably reduced the concentration of sulphide and improved the anaerobic treatability.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe work undertaken by Environmental Resources Management (ERM), in association with subconsultants Rowan Williams Davies & Irwin Inc. and the Health and Safety Laboratory (HSL) to model the dispersion of chlorine in complex terrain.

TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical discussion of the key characteristics of such assessment procedures, selected methods are applied to nine different processes and the results show that if two different assessment methods are used for comparing two processes in order to identify the more dangerous one, in 75% of the cases both methods deliver the same result.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the kinetics of reductive degradation of two different azo dyes by zero-valent iron in aqueous solution using a laboratory-scale slurry reactor system.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used design information to build a dynamic operator training simulator (DOTS) which can be used to explore start-up, shutdown and emergency operations procedures, to experience various operations and to evaluate safety.

TL;DR: In this article, a series of batch tests where acid yellow 17 and hydrolysed Reactive Black 5 textile dyes were ozonated to assess the efficacy of partial oxidation and associated decolourization, and parent compound degradation.

TL;DR: In this article, a coal-based activated carbon, Chemviron F400, was oxidized by nitric acid and air, and the results indicated that there was a significant change in the structure of the precursor by oxidation and subsequent treatments.

TL;DR: In this article, coal-based activated carbon, Chemviron F400, was oxidized by nitric acid and air to enhance their metal sorption capacity, and the kinetic performance of these samples was assessed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated channel formation in a packed bed of fuel solids as a result of the random packing process and derived a general relationship between the bed porosity and the particle size distribution and the proposed methodology is tested against limited experimental data.

TL;DR: In this article, a multi-zoned physical model and a localized reaction site are proposed to model the solid-state digestion (SSD) process, where methanogenesis occurs only in a thin layer at an interface between rich and lean material.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of five factors, namely, temperature, leaching time, acid normality, solid-to-liquid ratio, stirring rate, and reaction time on leaching yield of the red mud waste from the Etibank Seydisehir Aluminium Plants, Turkey, have been studied using statistically designed experiments.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the glycol dehydration unit for one of the onshore oil and gas processing facilities in Abu Dhabi operated by Abu Dhabi Company for Onshore Oil Operations (ADCO).

TL;DR: In this paper, an outflow model is proposed to predict the mass flow rate for releases into the atmosphere from high pressure vessels accurately in a fast and robust manner in the context of the development of a safety assessment package.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Integrated Empirical Rate (IER) photochemical kinetic mechanism to determine whether the local photochemistry of ozone events is light-limited (VOC-limited) or NOx-limited.

TL;DR: In this paper, three batch co-digestion trials were undertaken to derive optimum mixtures for the co digestion of poultry manure with molasses, with sheep and goat manure, and with thickened waste activated sludge (A-3).

TL;DR: In this paper, four appropriate mathematical model forms were synthesized from extensive published data for UV disinfection of Escherichia coli in reverse osmosis (RO) water with the addition of either a shielding agent or an absorbing agent and evaluated in a comparative study.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed an indoor air quality model based on chemical engineering principles to the movement and potential control of volatile substances in buildings, which incorporates the surface interactions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with interior materials.

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of residual iron and aluminium coagulants on secondary biological treatment as a result of pre-precipitation has received little attention, and the results of a laboratory-scale screening experiment are presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model for the fluidized bed combustion of volatile matter from waste is presented, where a fraction of the volatile content is released within the freeboard, as a result of both pyrolysis and transport of the devolatilizing particles.

TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated cloud chamber/combustor capable of systematically producing quasi-monodisperse droplet mists within the combustion transition range for the first time is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, a model for determining the cheapest legal treatment paths for a given waste stream has been extended by an assessment measuring the environmental impact resulting from the treatment itself as well as from the remaining emissions, thus allowing a comparison of treatment policies.

TL;DR: In this paper, a set of elemental conversion efficiencies for production of gases such as hydrogen chlorine and sulphur dioxide is recommended for fire hazard analysis, and the toxicity of the resulting smoke plume is calculated as the sum of dangerous dose fractions for each toxic component irrespective of its action on the body.

TL;DR: In this paper, two selected metal hydroxide cakes from the on-site wastewater treatment of nickel and chromium electroplating activities and the anodizing of aluminium materials were treated with Portland cement and mixed with clay, offering two possibilities of solidification/stabilization prior to landfilling, and reutilization in ceramic products, respectively.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply methods of time series and survival analysis to assess the frequency of major accidents at fixed industrial installations in Europe and analyze the effectiveness of current information reporting requirements in the respective EU legislation (Seveso II Directive) intended to increase safety in the European process industry.

TL;DR: In this paper, a compact wet scrubber was developed that consists of several venturi scrubbers working in self-priming mode, which is located at the bottom of a multistage packed tower.