Showing papers in "Progress in Lipid Research in 2014"

TL;DR: This review mainly focuses on the role of long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in regulating energy metabolism as ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs).

TL;DR: This review shows that LCPUFA are essential throughout life, especially for neuronal membrane integrity and function, and also contribute in prevention of brain hypoperfusion.

TL;DR: A rationale for the multiple and complex changes promoted by ceramide is provided, highlighting the interactions between ceramides and specific lipids and/or lipid phases, and the emerging evidence for the existence of ceramide-gel like domains in cellular membranes.

TL;DR: The formation, the migration, and the degradation of cardiolipin are described and how cardiolIPin affects mitochondrial function is discussed, which gives an overview of the various phenotypes of cardiolaipin deficiency in different organisms.

TL;DR: Improvement of some memory functions has been observed in cognitively impaired subjects as a result of PS supplementation, but the mechanism is unclear.

TL;DR: Recent progresses in acyltransferase research including the identification of the enzyme's genes are described in this review of fatty acid remodeling systems for phospholipids.

TL;DR: The biology of ω-3 and ψ-6 EpFAs on inflammation, pain, angiogenesis and tumorigenesis is reviewed.

TL;DR: This review considers the bioavailability of different forms of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, including ethyl esters (EEs), free fatty acids (FFAs), triacylglycerols (TAGs) and phospholipids (PLs), and lays out a set of suggestions and criteria for conducting future studies on the bio availability.

TL;DR: Clinical trial findings regarding the efficacy and safety of these novel therapies for hypertriglyceridemia, including CETP inhibitors and PCSK9 Mabs are summarized.

TL;DR: Evidence that public health may benefit from advice to eat less n-6 nutrients, more n-3 nutrients and fewer calories per meal is reviewed.

TL;DR: Biosynthetic pathways are compared based on available molecular and biochemical data, highlighting enzymatic reactions that have been conserved and others that have diverged or been lost, as well as the emergence of parallel and alternative biosynthetic systems originating from other metabolic pathways.

TL;DR: This review provides an overview of strategies to track fatty acid, glycerophospholipid, and sphingolipids metabolism and the selection of stable isotope-labeled precursors and their mass spectrometric analysis is discussed.

TL;DR: Recent studies clearly illustrate the promise of HDL proteomics for deriving new biomarkers for disease diagnosis and to measure the effectiveness of current and future treatment regimens.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the molecular events of LD formation in hepatocytes and the importance of cross talk between different cell types and their signalling in NAFLD as to provide a perspective on molecular mechanisms as well as possibilities for different therapeutic intervention strategies.

TL;DR: The number of oleaginous microorganisms that can be genetically transformed is increasing, which will advance engineering efforts to maximize LC-PUFA yields in microbial strains, and evidence has suggested that genetic manipulation of one acyltransferase alone could significantly increase the accumulation of LC- PUFAs.

TL;DR: Light is shed on the role of CD36, GPR120, G PR40, TRPM5 and DRK channels, in signal transduction in TBC and delineate their roles in obesity as a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind their regulation could eventually lead to new strategies to fight against this condition.

TL;DR: Progress in systems approaches to study lipids in health and disease, with specific emphasis on clinical applications is reviewed, with a potential to open novel avenues for predictive and preventive medicine.

TL;DR: This review will elaborate on recent advances of one such approach--mass spectrometry imaging (MSI)--that integrates in situ visualization with chemical-based lipidomics and illustrate, with an emphasis on oilseed lipid metabolism, how MS imaging can provide new insights and questions related to the spatial compartmentation of lipid metabolism in plants.

TL;DR: Lipid requirements and the consequences of lipid changes for the entry and intoxication with ricin and Shiga toxin are described.

TL;DR: TRP-channels seem to be key sensors for lipids, integrating and interpreting incoming signals from the different metabolic lipid pathways, and the specific properties of the currently known endogenous lipid-derived TRP-channel modulators concerning their ability to activate or inhibit TRp-ch channels are discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the molecular and biochemical bases for the accumulation of stearic acid in sunflower seeds are discussed, and the aspects limiting the stearate in the seeds of this species are reviewed.

TL;DR: The present review describes research concerning biologically active epoxy acetylenic lipids and related compounds isolated from different sources as important sources of leads for drug discovery.