Showing papers in "Science of The Total Environment in 1987"

TL;DR: In this paper, the formation constants, enthalpies and entropies of the first transition series with aminopoly carboxylates (CDTA, DTPA, EDDA, EDTA, IDA, MIDA, NTA, TTHA) were evaluated.

TL;DR: The ecotoxicology of DEHP is especially relevant for aquatic communities where data are contradictory: several authors have found adverse effects on Daphnia and fish species after exposure to the present environmental concentrations; others, however, produced less alarming results.

TL;DR: Using a linear free energy sediment-water exchange model to simulate the repartitioning and exchange of individual PAH between the surface-mixed layer of sediment and water, it is demonstrated that the current PAH concentrations in sediments are between 2 and 5 orders of magnitude greater than those expected from equilibrium partitioning with observed water concentrations.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the oxalate patina on Roman imperial marble is due to the shallow penetration of the fungi hypae into the rock, and that this phenomenon is not masked by other weathering processes.

TL;DR: The relatively high levels in breast milk result in very high daily intakes of such chemicals by breast-fed infants, and a potential hazard to this risk group.

TL;DR: The annular denuder method (ADM) as discussed by the authors was developed to measure several gaseous and aerosol species without sampling artifacts, and it has been applied to the determination of gas phase and particulate matter.

TL;DR: The very high total mercury level in the mature pilot whale exhibited differences among tissues and was highest in the liver, while the ratio of methyl mercury to total mercury was relatively constant in muscle and kidney, but it decreased in liver.

TL;DR: In this article, a procedure and theory for determining complexing capacities for nickel in seawater using cathodic stripping voltammetry of complexes with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) was presented.

TL;DR: Farmyard manure applied to some experimental plots at Rothamsted appears to have been a more significant source of Cd than combined atmospheric and phosphate fertiliser inputs and organic matter had a larger effect on Cd concentration than pH and the effects of pH were not consistent.

TL;DR: In this paper, the total flux, distribution and fate of Cu, Cr, Cd, Zn, Mn and Pb were studied in Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, SE Brazil.

TL;DR: In this article, a 0.05 ha highway subcatchment located within a larger 243 ha separately sewered residential estate in NW London has been investigated to evaluate the relative pollutant contribution of highway surfaces to total urban runoff discharges.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate the pollution processes on the road surface based on the data of an one year measurement campaign, where hundreds of dust samples were taken to investigate the accumulation and removal processes of 16 pollution parameters.

TL;DR: Copper(II) appears to form stronger surface complexes with the high affinity ligands of the bacterial surface than with the functional groups of hydrous oxides, which indicates that metal ions bind first to the highest affinity surface ligands and subsequently to those of lesser activity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the differences in the UV-VIS spectra, as measured by the ratio of absorbances at 465 and 665 nm (E4/E6), can be correlated to MS, as determined by ultrafiltration.

TL;DR: Cigarette packs were purchased in 20 areas including nine in Asia between 1982 and 1984, and analyzed for cadmium and lead by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry after wet digestion with nitric, sulfuric and perchloric acids, finding no evidence to suggest that the differences in Cd and Pb contents are related to the area of production or the extent of industrial development of the area.

TL;DR: The usefulness of TSK G2000SW and G3000SW columns, used alone or in tandem, were tested for separating humus in different types of raw waters and drinking waters by size exclusion chromatography.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of soil humic matter on the uptake of ions by oat roots and on the (Mg2++K+) ATPase activity, responsible for energy transduction for ion transport at cell membrane, were studied.

TL;DR: In this paper, simulated highway runoff was pumped over a well established grassy swale at Maitland Interchange and a newly constructed swale near Orlando, Florida to investigate mass transport and removal efficiencies for nutrients and heavy metal concentrations under controlled environments.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the properties of highway run-off and the important factors influencing these properties extensive investigations and water analyses were carried out with samples from three federal highways with heavy traffic in the years from 1978 to 1981.

TL;DR: The 5000 year history of smelting Pb by humans indicates that a system of education fostered by genetically common lower brain center functions operated on hundreds of successive generations in a context of cultural changes invoked by feedback from developments in engineering technologies to give rise to the difference between present typical and prehistoric natural levels of Pb in humans.

TL;DR: Selenium concentrations were elevated in livers of some birds of all species collected from the Grasslands, and selenium levels were apparently sufficiently elevated in 1984 to have caused adverse effects on avian reproduction in the South Grasslands.

TL;DR: The age of the property was found to influence the lead levels in both housedust and garden soil, with older houses having significantly higher concentrations than newer properties (less than 35 years).

TL;DR: The particular advantages of the voltametric approach in food control for heavy metals are high sensitivity, good precision and accuracy, the possibilities for the simultaneous determination of groups of metals and low cost instrumentation.

TL;DR: The similarity of the profiles at the background coastal site and at the sites influenced by local sources was striking, and the PAH concentrations showed weak-to-moderate correlations with mutagenicity.

TL;DR: The interpretation of anodic stripping voltammetric (ASV) peaks for measuring the complexation reactions of metal ions with aquatic fulvic and humic compounds is difficult due to the simultaneous influence of several different phenomena, in particular the heterogeneous nature of fulvic compounds, the fact that the ligand is not in excess compared with the metal ion during the stripping step, the slow diffusion of the complexes compared with free metal ions, and the adsorption of Fulvic compounds on the electrode as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Radiocarbon dating of organic fractions from two topsoils demonstrated ages ranging from less than 15 years to 280 years as discussed by the authors, the oldest fraction is the non-hydrolysable material of clay-sized humin.

TL;DR: Washing of leaf samples reduced the levels of Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe contamination and suggested that the source of heavy metal pollution was mainly due to aerial deposition from motor vehicles.

TL;DR: The extent of removal of Ag, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Tl and Zn was studied using a pilot-scale plant operated at sludge ages of 3, 6, 9 and 12 days.