Showing papers in "The American Journal of Medicine in 1997"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors defined the incidence, predictors, and mortality related to acute renal failure (ARF) and renal failure requiring dialysis (ARFD) after coronary intervention, and derived the prior probability of ARFD in a second set of 1,869 consecutive patients.

TL;DR: Strong epidemiologic and molecular data link HPV infection to cervical and other anogenital cancers, and the types of HPV most commonly detected in cancers are HPV-16 and HPV-18.

TL;DR: The risk of fracture increases with advancing age and progressive loss of bone mass, and varies with the population being considered as discussed by the authors, and the risk increases with the age of the patient.

TL;DR: An accurate assessment of the risk of fractures associated with osteoporosis and of their impact on quality of life is essential if appropriate and cost-effective interventions are to be designed for different populations.

TL;DR: The proposed practice of "evidence-based medicine," which calls for careful clinical judgment in evaluating the "best available evidence," should be differentiated from the special collection of data regarded as suitable evidence, which may lead to major abuses that produce inappropriate guidelines or doctrinaire dogmas for clinical practice.

TL;DR: The incidence of necrotizing fasciitis caused by group A streptococcus increased in Ontario between 1992 and 1995 and was associated with the presence of hypotension, Strep TSS, or bacteremia, but not with M-type or the absence of pyrogenic exotoxin genes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the efficacy and safety of various dosages of metformin as compared with placebo in patients with type II diabetes mellitus were studied. But, the results were limited to a single-week, single-blind, placebo-controlled washout.

TL;DR: Health economic models are constructed using data on incidence, morbidity, mortality, and costs of fractures, along with the efficacy of an intervention, to estimate the impact of that intervention against osteoporosis to help evaluate the costs and benefits of interventions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a model to estimate the impact of an intervention against osteoporosis using data on incidence, morbidity, mortality, and costs of fractures.

TL;DR: Educational efforts and behavioral techniques can improve patient compliance in chronic, asymptomatic conditions, but one of the most effective strategies remains improved patient-physician communication.

TL;DR: Prevention of initial vertebral fractures should be actively encouraged; even if the initial fracture is asymptomatic, it indicates a greatly increased risk of subsequent fractures, pain, and physical impairment.

TL;DR: This decision support system provides a model for how a clinical practice guideline can be integrated into the care process by computer to assist clinicians in managing a specific disease through helping them comply with care standards.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF) to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis and to characterize relationships between mineral homeostasis, bone turnover, bone mass, and severity of CHF.

TL;DR: The average risk of HIV transmission after percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood is approximately 0.3%; however, the risk is believed to be higher for exposures involving an increased volume of blood and/or high viral load.

TL;DR: The average risk of HIV transmission after percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood is approximately 0.3%; however, the risk is believed to be higher for exposures involving an increased volume of blood and/or high viral load.

TL;DR: CMV disease or being a CMV-seronegative recipient of a CMv-seropositive donor organ is an important predictor for invasive fungal disease following orthotopic liver transplantation.

TL;DR: Simple clinical clues in patients with physical complaints identify a subgroup who may warrant further evaluation for a depressive or anxiety disorder, which are associated with unmet patient expectations and increased provider frustration.

TL;DR: Infection surveillance of mostly hospitalized adults with leukemia or a recent bone marrow transplant yielded a respiratory virus from 181 of 668 respiratory illness episodes, in descending order of frequency, infections with RSV, rhinoviruses, influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, and adenovirus were detected in each of three surveillance years.

TL;DR: The results indicate that estrogen is behaviorally active in tests of learning/ memory; activates basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and neurotrophin expression; and is neuroprotective for human neuronal cultures.

TL;DR: Data support the clinical utility of NTx to monitor the antiresorptive effect of HRT in recently postmenopausal women, and to predict changes in BMD in response to HRT.

TL;DR: The clinical score is an easily memorized and accurate method for categorizing patients with suspected but not proven coronary disease and normal resting electrocardiograms into clinically meaningful probability groups upon which decisions concerning appropriate diagnostic test selection could potentially be based.

TL;DR: In the past, it had been assumed that the likelihood of brain damage from hyponatremia was directly related to either a rapid decline in plasma sodium or a particularly low level of plasma sodium as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: These results, which provide the physiological basis for the orthostatic intolerance and other symptoms of autonomic function in this patient group, may be explained by cardiovascular deconditioning, a postviral idiopathic autonomic neuropathy, or both.

TL;DR: Reduced fat and calorie intake and frequent use of low-calorie food products have been associated with a paradoxical increase in the prevalence of obesity, suggesting that there has been a dramatic decrease in total physical activity related energy expenditure.

TL;DR: Determining the causes of the large geographic differences in hip fracture incidence and the large differences in sex ratios for hip fractures in European countries could lead to identification of hitherto unknown risk factors and provide clues for prevention of fractures.

TL;DR: In this paper, a citywide cohort of 184 patients with tuberculosis in New York City, newly diagnosed by culture in April 1991 and followed up through 1994, was identified and analyzed to identify and analyze predictors and consequences of non-adherence to antituberculosis treatment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the implications of insulin resistance for type II diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease were reviewed and guidance for the management of these conditions was derived from this information, and the conclusions of review articles and perspectives were analyzed critically.

TL;DR: Blood pressure is generally lower than normal in individuals with sickle cell anemia and those with high values relative to this population had an increased risk of stroke and death.

TL;DR: In the European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study, a population-based study, the prevalence of vertebral deformities was similar among men and women at ages 65-69 years (12-13%) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Metformin is safe and effective both as monotherapy or in combination with other antihyperglycemic agents in type 2 diabetic patients requiring additional glycemic control and may be advantageous when weight control is desirable and/or hyperlipidemia exists.