Showing papers in "The Horizon of Medical Sciences in 2015"
TL;DR: The aerobic training has positive effects on the new biomarker of cardiovascular indicators and aerobic training can prevent the incidence of atherosclerosis diseases.
Abstract: Aims: Increased levels of CRP, uric acid and total bilirubin increase the risk of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selected aerobic training on CRP, uric acid and total bilirubin in sedentary elderly women. Materials & Methods: In this semi-experimental study, in 2014, which was done in Mashhad, 21 sedentary and healthy women with range of 60-70 years old were selected using available and purposive sampling method. They were randomly divided into two groups; experimental (n=11) and control (n=10). The 8 weeks of aerobic training (3 times a week, 45-60 minutes per session, with intensity of 50-70 percent of reserve heart rate) were performed. Blood samples were taken at baseline and at the end of the study. Data were analyzed using paired and independent T tests in SPSS 20 software. Findings: Body weight (p=0.001), BMI (p=0.01), body fat percent (p=0.02), CRP levels (p=0.01) and uric acid (p=0.001) were decreased at the end of training compared with the beginning of aerobic training significantly in the experimental group. Moreover, a significant difference was observed between experimental and control groups according to weight (p<0.05). Conclusion: The aerobic training has positive effects on the new biomarker of cardiovascular indicators and aerobic training can prevent the incidence of atherosclerosis diseases.
16 citations
TL;DR: Investigation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats found that hydroalcoholic extract of Prosopis fracta pod can reduce the level of malondialdehyde as a marker of lipid peroxidation in liver and prevent the histopathological changes of liver associated with diabetes.
Abstract: Aims: Diabetes is a common endocrine disorder that can lead to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of pod Prosopis fracta, on liver histopathology and tissue level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials & Methods: 45 male Wistar rats (200-300g) were divided into 3 groups; control, diabetic and Prosopis farcta extract treated diabetic. Type 1 diabetes was induced in by injection of streptozotocin (42mg/kg). One week after diabetes induction, Prosopis farcta extract (300mg/kg of body weight) was administered to treated diabetic group by gavage for 30 days. Hepatic histological changes were assessed with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining under light microscopy. The liver concentration of MDA was determined as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Students T and Mann-Whitney rank sum tests. Findings: Administration of Prosopis fracta extract decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde in liver tissue of treated diabetic group in comparison to diabetic group significantly (p<0.05). Inflation and vacuolation of hepatocytes were observed with disarrangement of hepatic cords and sinusoidal narrowing. All previous signs were improved in Prosopis fracta treated group. Conclusion: Hydro-alcoholic extract of Prosopis fracta pod can reduce the level of malondialdehyde as a marker of lipid peroxidation in liver and prevent the histopathological changes of liver associated with diabetes.
10 citations
TL;DR: It seems that no significant changing in serum leptin levels after a period of resistance training is due to no changing in body fat and not enough exercise, but this training cause in increasing muscle strength.
Abstract: Aims: Leptin is a polypeptide that is correlated with body weight changes and energy consumption and affected by exercise training. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of 6 weeks resistance training on body composition, serum leptin and muscle strength in non-athletic men. Materials & Methods: In this semi-experimental trial, 22 non-athletes male living in dormitory of Zanjan University, who were enrolled in 2011-12 academic year were selected with purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental (n=12) and control (n=10) groups. The experimental group performed training program based on the protocol of Kramer and Ratns for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week). At the beginning and end of the research, muscle strength, body composition and serum leptin were measured. Serum leptin was measured by ELISA. Independent T and paired T tests were used to analysis the data in SPSS 16 software. Findings: After 6 weeks of strength training, changes in serum leptin levels and body composition (fat mass without fat) between the two groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). But in experimental group, the upper and lower body strength training was significantly increased compared with pretest in control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that no significant changing in serum leptin levels after a period of resistance training is due to no changing in body fat and not enough exercise, but this training cause in increasing muscle strength.
8 citations
TL;DR: The muscle relaxation technique can be employed to reduce pain in hemodialysis patients, and there was a significant decrease in pain intensity in the intervention group compared to the control (p=0.03).
Abstract: Aims: Dialysis patients have experienced some degree of pain, especially foot pain. Some complementary interventions such as muscle relaxation are effective in relieving pain. This study was performed with the aim of assessing the effect of muscle relaxation on hemodialysis patients’ pain. Materials & Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 90 hemodialysis patients of Khatamolanbia and Imam Ali hemodialysis centers of Zahedan during 2013 and 2014. The patients were chosen by purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Pain intensity was measured by McGill questionnaire before intervention. Then, Benson muscle relaxation was taught to patients’ of case group and was performed by them for 15-20 minutes twice a day for a month. The control group received no training. The pain intensity of two groups was compared after one month. The data were analyzed using Chisquare, independent T and Mann-Whitney tests by SPSS 21 software. Findings: Most of the patients were men, married, housekeeper with under diploma education and the mean age of them was 43.0±15.0 years. There was a significant decrease in pain intensity in the intervention group compared to the control (p=0.03). Conclusion: The muscle relaxation technique can be employed to reduce pain in hemodialysis patients.
7 citations
TL;DR: Participation in cardiac rehabilitation program is effective in promotion of quality of life in CABG patients and there was no significant difference between two groups before intervention in thequality of life score.
Abstract: Aims: The goal of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery (CABGs) is to improve the quality of life in patients with coronary artery diseases. Many studies have suggested the implementation of a cardiac rehabilitation program after surgery required to achieve this goal. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life in post-surgery patients. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental which was conducted in 2012, 70 patients (35 patients in experimental group and 35 patients in control group) undergoing CABGs in Shahid Rajaei Heart Center of Tehran City were selected by achievable sampling method. The experimental group received 12 sessions of cardiac rehabilitation program according to their health condition. The control group was not participating in the rehabilitation program. The qualities of life of patients of both groups were measured by Ferrans & Powers Questionnaire of quality of life before and after the cardiac rehabilitation program. Data were analyzed in SPSS 16 software by Paired T, independent T and linear regression tests. Findings: The experimental and the control group were matched according to age and sex. There was no significant difference between two groups before intervention in the quality of life score. After intervention, the quality of life score were increased in both the experimental (19.99±1.11) and the control groups (18.49±1.48), respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion: Participation in cardiac rehabilitation program is effective in promotion of quality of life in CABG patients.
7 citations
TL;DR: Guided imagery can reduce the total anxiety and hidden anxiety of heart patients with acute coronary syndrome hospitalized in cardiac intensive care unit.
Abstract: Aims: Anxiety is a common phenomenon in cardiovascular diseases and its control is very important. This study aimed to investigate the effect of guided imagery on anxiety in hospitalized patients with acute coronary syndrome in the cardiac intensive care unit. Materials & Methods: In this clinical trial in 2014, 50 patients with acute coronary syndrome in the cardiac intensive care unit of 22 Bahman Hospital in Gonabad City, Iran, were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two control and experimental groups. At first, all the samples completed the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory questionnaire and Visual Analog Scale of anxiety. In addition to usual care, experimental group listened to the CD of guided imagery 2 times a day, morning and night for 16 minutes and the control group received only routine care. At the end, the mentioned questionnaires were filled again and the data were analyzed in SPSS 14.5 software by independent T-test, Chi-square and Fisher exact tests. Findings: The mean of pretest and posttest scores of total anxiety and hidden anxiety in the experimental group decreased significantly compare with the control group (p 0.05). Conclusion: Guided imagery can reduce the total anxiety and hidden anxiety of heart patients with acute coronary syndrome hospitalized in cardiac intensive care unit.
6 citations
TL;DR: Thyme essential oil has significant antibacterial effect according to the worldwide development of antibiotic resistance and plants derived antibacterial substances have found many applications in controlling microorganisms.
Abstract: Aims: According to the worldwide development of antibiotic resistance in recent years, the tendency of using herbal medicine has grown and plants derived antibacterial substances have found many applications in controlling microorganisms. Thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss.) is one of the medicinal herbs which its pharmaceutical and antibacterial effects have been a matter of research and debate in recent years. This research aimed to study antibacterial effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essence against 8 standard pathogenic bacterial species. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, the essential oil was extracted by steam distillation using Clevenger apparatus. Using broth microdilution testing, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of thyme essential oil were determined against 8 standard pathogenic bacterial species. Each exam was repeated three times. The results were analyzed by SPSS 16 software using one-way ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests. Findings: The average of MIC for Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil showed a significant difference among 8 different bacterial species (p<0.001). The highest growth inhibitory effect was found against Bacillus cereus and the least one was against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There was no significant difference among the averages of MBCs (p=0.073). Conclusion: Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil has significant antibacterial effect.
6 citations
TL;DR: Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Rat Heart Exposed to Diazinon and Vitamins E and C shows positive results for protection against heart attack and stroke.
Abstract: Article Type Original Research Authors Tahmasebi K.1 MSc, Jafari M.* PhD, Ahmadi A.2 MSc How to cite this article Tahmasebi K, Jafari M, Ahmadi A. Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Rat Heart Exposed to Diazinon and Vitamins E and C. Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2015;21(1):13-19.
6 citations
TL;DR: The consumption of turnip may act as a potent antihyperlipidemic nutrient for patients with dyslipidemia, cardiovascular and diabetes diseases.
Abstract: Aims: Turnip is one of the most consumed medicinal plants that seem to have advantageous efficacy on hyperlipidemia. The present work was undertaken to evaluate the hypolipidemic activity of aqueous extract of Brassica rapa root on hyperlipidemic rats. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study 40 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 equal groups; normal control, hyperlipidemic control (1ml normal saline once a day), Atorvastatin (10mg/kg of body weight per day) and aqueous extract of Brassica rapa root groups (200 and 400mg/kg of body weight per day) were treated for 10 days. After 18h fasting in 11th day, hyperlipidemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of triton WR1339 (300mg/kg of body weight) in all groups except normal control. 24 hours after injection, blood collection was done and plasma analyzed for lipid profiles. Data was compared between group s by ANOVA and Tukey tests in SPSS 18 software. Findings: Aqueous extract of Brassica rapa root inhibited the elevation of plasma total cholesterol level at the dose of 200mg/kg of body weight. The extract also decreased LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels in hyperlipidemic rats significantly but in compare to normal control group these levels were significantly high (p<0.05). Conclusion: The consumption of turnip may act as a potent antihyperlipidemic nutrient for patients with dyslipidemia, cardiovascular and diabetes diseases.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the effect of Launaea acanthodes extract on sperm parameters and testicular tissue in diabetic rats by injecting intraperitoneally to the experimental diabetic group every other day for a month.
Abstract: Aims: Diabetes cause oxidative stress in sperm and testicular tissue. The Launaea acanthodes has anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic effects. The present study was done to evaluate the effect of Launaea acanthodes extract on sperm parameters and testicular tissue in diabetic rats. Materials & Methods: 27 rats were divided into the 3 equal groups; control, diabetic control and experimental diabetic. Experimental diabetic and diabetic control groups were got diabetic by an intraperitoneal injection of alloxan. Extract of Launaea acanthodes with concentration of 300mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally to the experimental diabetic group every other day for a month. Sterile distilled water was injected to control and diabetic control groups. After creating experimental diabetes, all injections were done every other day for a month. On day 30, all rats were sacrificed and their testes were removed for assessment of sperm parameters and histological evaluation. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using Kruskal Wallis and Dunn post hoc test. Findings: Percentage of progressive motility, natural forms and the number of sperms in treated diabetic group with extract of Launaea acanthodes with concentration of 300mg/kg were increased significantly compared to the diabetic control group (p<0.05). Average weight, length, width and average diameter of the tubules of the testes and the average thickness of the epithelium of the seminiferous tubule in diabetic group treated with extract of Launaea acanthodes were increased significantly compared to the diabetic control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Extract of Launaea acanthodes improves sperm parameters, increase sperm count and decrease atrophy of seminiferous tubules of diabetic rats.
5 citations
TL;DR: Effect of Brief Self-Regulation Couple Therapy (SRCT) on Reducing the Couples’ Marital Stress and its application in couples’ marital stress is studied.
Abstract: Article Type Original Research Authors Noroozi S.1 MSc, Nazari A.M.2 PhD, Rasouli M.2 PhD, Davarniya R.* PhD, Babaei Garmkhani M.2 PhD How to cite this article Noroozi S, Nazari A.M, Rasouli M, Davarniya R, Babaei Garmkhani M. Effect of Brief Self-Regulation Couple Therapy (SRCT) on Reducing the Couples’ Marital Stress. Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2015;21(1):1-6.
TL;DR: Motivational interviewing is likely beneficial to improve and promote medication adherence and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension and its comparison with standard cares.
Abstract: Aims: Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases all around the world and majority of hypertensive patients suffer from hypertension problems due to lack of treatment adherence The current study aimed to investigate the effect of motivational interviewing on adherence to treatment in patients with hypertension and its comparison with standard cares Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial was done during February to October 2014 In total, 140 of hypertensive patients were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method from two urban health centers located in Gorgan City, Iran, with regards to the inclusion criteria and allocated randomly into two groups; motivational interviewing (70 participants) and control (70 participants) Data collecting instruments were demographic questionnaire (personal information, laboratory indices and clinical symptoms), general selfefficacy scale and treatment adherence questionnaire of patients with hypertension Data were analyzed in SPSS 18 software using paired T and Independent T tests Findings: Motivational interviewing increased total score and the mean score of all dimensions of the adherence questionnaire (except for weight control and stress reduction) (p<005) After 6 month, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure also decreased significantly in the motivational interviewing group (p<005) Conclusion: Motivational interviewing is likely beneficial to improve and promote medication adherence and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension
TL;DR: Pilates decreases weight and body mass index, cholesterol and LDL and increases cortisol, and a significant increase in cortisol in obese women in the exercise group compared with the control group.
Abstract: Aims: Today, obesity is one of the major health problems of human society. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks Pilates on cortisol and lipid profile in obese women. Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 20 nonathletes 40±5year old obese women with BMI higher than 30kg in 2013 in Najaf Abad; Isfahan. Samples were divided into Pilates (n=10) and control group (n=10). Pilates Group were performed Pilates exercises 3 times per week for 8 weeks, each session 60 min, while control group just were followed. Lipids, including HDL, LDL, triglycerides before and 48h after 8 weeks were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 and independent and correlational-T test. Findings: 8 week Pilates significantly reduced weight (p=0.02), BMI (p=0.01), cholesterol (p=0.01), LDL (p=0.001) and a significant increase in cortisol in obese women in the exercise group compared with the control group. Conclusion: Pilates, decreases weight and body mass index, cholesterol and LDL and increases cortisol.
TL;DR: Using Ziziphus jujube supplements improves the antioxidant enzyme activity of GPX, but this improvement is not likely enough to inhibit the depression of the antioxidant status after performing resistance exercise.
Abstract: Aims: Intense exercise damages tissues and disturb some cellular processes through oxidative stress and antioxidants can modulate intense exerciseinduced oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of Ziziphus jujube supplements on the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum after a single session of resistance training. Materials & Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 24 young non-athletes females were purposefully selected and were randomly divided into two groups; Ziziphus jujube consumption+intensive resistance exercise and intensive resistance exercise. The first group received 0.4g/kg of body weight of Ziziphus jujube daily for 3 weeks, but another group prohibited from Ziziphus jujube consumption. Both groups carried out a session of intensive resistance exercise consisting of 5 movements at 90% of one maximum repetition. Blood samples were measured in three phases; baseline, after 3 weeks of the Ziziphus jujube consumption, and after the resistance exercise session. In order to valuation the enzymes activity the enzymatic method was used. Data were analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA and LSD tests in SPSS 22 software. Findings: The Ziziphus jujube supplement significantly increased GPX activity (p=0.001) but it had no significant (p=0.19) influence on SOD activity. In addition, intensive resistance training significantly decreased the SOD (p=0.03) and GPX (p=0.02) activity immediately after exercise. Conclusion: Using Ziziphus jujube supplements improves the antioxidant enzyme activity of GPX, but this improvement is not likely enough to inhibit the depression of the antioxidant status after performing resistance exercise.
TL;DR: Intraperitoneally administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia multicaulis has analgesic effects, and injections in all doses decreased the chemical pain induced by formalin.
Abstract: Aims: One of the most basic methods for coping with diseases and pain relief had been the use of medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to the determination of analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Salvia multicaulis hydroalcoholic extract. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were divided in 6 groups (n=7); the control (receive nothing), the sham (receive solvent intraperitoneally) and 4 groups that received plant extract at the doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400mg/kg intraperitoneally. Tail flick and formalin test were used for evaluation of thermal and chemical pain, also for assessment the degree of inflammation, rat paw edema volume was acquired by plethysmometric test. Data were analyzed in SPSS 16 software by ANOVA with repeated measuring and T student tests. Findings: The intraperitoneally injection of extract in all doses decreased the chemical pain induced by formalin (p<0.05). Hydroalcoholic extract of plant at doses 200 and 400mg/kg caused hyperalgesia in compared with control group (p<0.01). All concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract of plant decreased the inflammation (p<0.01). Conclusion: Intraperitoneally administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia multicaulis has analgesic effects.
TL;DR: Modifiable Risk Factors on Preterm Birth: A CaseControl Study finds that maternal age, gender, and ethnic origin are major risk factors for preterm birth in Iran.
Abstract: Article Type Original Research Authors Eshgizadeh M.1 MSc, Moshki M.* PhD, Majeedi Z.2 BSc, Abdollahi M.2 BSc How to cite this article Eshgizadeh M, Moshki M, Majeedi Z, Abdollahi M. Modifiable Risk Factors on Preterm Birth: A CaseControl Study. Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2015;21(2):141-146.
TL;DR: Foot reflexology has positive effect on urinary retention after surgery, and a significant difference was not found between two groups in volume of excreted urine or retention time.
Abstract: Aims: Urine retention following surgery can lead to performance and basic disorders in gall bladder. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of feet reflexology on urinary retention relieving after surgery. Materials & Methods: This clinical trial was done in 2014 on 70 patients with urinary retention following surgery that was not able to urinate despite routine nursing measures. The patients were divided into two interventional and control groups based on random allocation (permutation blocking method). Reflexology was performed for intervention group for 30min (15min for each foot); and general reflexology was carried out for control group for the same duration. Data collected using a researcher-made checklist. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics, independent-T, Man-Whitney, and Chisquare tests. Findings: There was a significant difference between intervention and control groups regarding urinary retention after surgery (p=0.04) and retention time (p<0.001). However, a significant difference was not found between two groups in volume of excreted urine (p=0.2). Conclusion: Feet reflexology has positive effect on urinary retention after surgery.
TL;DR: Comparing the effect of one versus two doses of Betamethasone on the outcomes of preterm infants found single-dose or two doses administration in preterm mothers have no impact on newborn after birth.
Abstract: Aims: The use of corticosteroids and abandoning the delivery are of preventive actions of newborns’ respiratory distress syndrome. The aim of this clinical trial was to compare the effect of one versus two doses of Betamethasone on the outcomes of preterm infants. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental clinical trial, 100 preterm labor pregnant women who referred to Sanandaj Be’sat Hospital in 2013 were selected by purposive sampling method and were divided into one dose (12mg Betamethasone) and two doses (12mg Betamethasone with the interval of 24 hours) groups. Information about delivery and gender, weight and Apgar scores of newborn were recorded in the checklist. Newborns were examined for infant respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, cerebral hemorrhage and neonatal death. Data were analyzed in SPSS 20 software by Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. Findings: 14 newborns (28%) in one dose and 13 (24.5%) in two doses group had respiratory distress syndrome (p=0.689). 4 newborns (8%) in one dose and 7 (13.2%) in two doses group had enterocolitis and 8 newborns (16%) in one dose and 9 (17%) in two doses group needed respiratory support (p>0.05). Conclusion: Single-dose or two doses administration of Betamethasone in preterm mothers have no impact on newborn after birth.
TL;DR: Using high-intensity interval training in combination with LArginine lead to improvement of aerobic and anaerobic fitness in women futsal players.
Abstract: Aims: In recent years, consumption of nutrition supplements such as LArginine has increased in athletes in order to increase efficiency and reduce fatigue. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIT) with and without L-Arginine supplementation on anaerobic and aerobic performance in women’s futsal players. Materials & Methods: In this research study (2013), 20 healthy women futsal players in Kermanshah City, Iran, were selected by available sampling method. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups; training-supplement (n=10) and training-placebo (n=10). Both groups, in addition to futsal specific training, performed RAST (anaerobic sprint test) test as high-intensity interval training protocol, 2 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Before and after the training protocol, subjects performed Bruce and RAST tests in order to measure aerobic and anaerobic power, respectively. Blood samples were collected 30 seconds after the RAST test to measure the levels of serum lactate concentration. All data were analyzed using independent T and paired T tests. Findings: After the training, both groups showed significant increasing in VO2max and anaerobic power (p<0.05) and significant decreasing in blood lactate concentrations (p<0.05); percentage of changes were greater for the first than the second group in all three factors. Conclusion: Using high-intensity interval training in combination with LArginine lead to improvement of aerobic and anaerobic fitness in women futsal players.
TL;DR: Susceptibility weighted imaging has a high diagnostic value for detecting sub-acute superior sagittal sinus, transverse and sigmoid sinuses thrombosis.
Abstract: Aims: Magnetic resonance venography based on susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) utilizes deoxygenated hemoglobin in veins as an intrinsic contrast medium. Magnetic susceptibility difference between deoxygenated hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin and parenchyma lead to an excellent venous contrast. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the different magnetic resonance imaging sequences and susceptibility weighted imaging in the visualization of sinus venous thrombosis. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Shafa Medical Imaging Center in Isfahan City, Iran, from August 2013 to September 2014 and 12 patients with sinus venous thrombosis were analyzed using MRI, SWI, and Phase contrast-magnetic resonance venography (PC-MRV). Findings: In all patients, sub-acute superior sagittal sinus, transverse and sigmoid sinuses thrombosis was most successfully detected during the susceptibility weighted imaging. In only one case, the sub-acute left transverse and sigmoid sinuses and left jugular vein of thrombosis was discernible with T1W. In 6 patients, sinus venous thrombosis was discernible with T2W in the sub-acute stage. PC-MRV showed the acute and sub-acute sinus venous thrombosis in all patients. Conclusion: Susceptibility weighted imaging has a high diagnostic value for detecting sub-acute superior sagittal sinus, transverse and sigmoid sinuses thrombosis.
TL;DR: Investigation of the effects of Nigella sativa L. seed hydroalcoholic extract on blood biochemical parameters in STZ-induced diabetic rats found it reduces glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels in diabetic rats.
Abstract: Aims: Diabetes mellitus is associated by increased blood glucose level resulting from lack of Insulin or Insulin resistance in peripheral tissues or both. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa L. seed hydroalcoholic extract on blood biochemical parameters in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Materials & Methods: This interventional study was done on 60 male Wistar rats. Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=10) including control, diabetic (receiving saline), groups receiving 100, 200 and 400mg/kg doses of the extract and positive control (receiving 300mg/kg Metformin). Animals were treated for 6 weeks with gavage from start (zero), 24 and 45 days of the study. Glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL were measured after 12hours of fasting. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software and One-way ANOVA, Tukey and Paired-T tests. Findings: Blood sugar levels in diabetic rats receiving 200mg/kg dose of the extract was reduced more significantly than other treated groups (p<0.01). There was a significant difference in cholesterol and triglyceride at day 45 in all treated groups compared to diabetic group (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in HDL in groups. A significant reduction in LDL was observed in diabetic group treated with Metformin and Nigella extract at day 45. Conclusion: Nigella sativa L. extract reduces glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels in diabetic rats.
TL;DR: Compared with intravenous lidocane administration, lidocaine 10% spray on the laryngoscope blade lead to better stability in blood pressure after laryNGoscopy, but has no effect on the heart rate.
Abstract: Aims: Endotracheal intubation is an invasive technique which is associated with severe cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to compare the effects of lidocaine 10% spray on the laryngoscope blade with intravenous lidocaine on cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation in elective surgical patients. Materials & Methods: In this clinical trial that is performed in 2013, 90 candidates of elective surgery in Gonobad City, Iran hospitals were randomly divided to three groups; control (no drugs were used), intravenous lidocaine (three minutes before laryngoscopy) and lidocaine 10% (just before laryngoscopy). Heart rate and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded immediately before, immediately after, and 1, 3 and 5min after laryngoscopy. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 by repeated ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Findings: There were significant differences in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure between control group and each intravenous lidocaine and lidocaine 10% groups after laryngoscopy (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in any of the three variables between intravenous and spray groups. No significant difference was found between the three groups in heart rate (p=0.16). Conclusion: Compared with intravenous lidocaine administration, lidocaine 10% spray on the laryngoscope blade lead to better stability in blood pressure after laryngoscopy, but has no effect on the heart rate.
TL;DR: Effect of Coriander Fruit on Clinical Course of Migraine patients: A Comparison between Random Effect and Transition Models and Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences.
Abstract: Article Type Original Research Authors Mansouri A.1 MSc, Zayeri F.* PhD, Baghestani A.R.1 PhD, Ghorbanifar Z.2 PhD, Delavar Kasmaei H.3 PhD, Sheidaei A.1 MSc How to cite this article Mansouri A, Zayeri F, Baghestani A.R, Ghorbanifar Z, Delavar Kasmaei H, Sheidaei A. Effect of Coriander Fruit on Clinical Course of Migraine Patients: A Comparison between Random Effect and Transition Models. Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2015;21(2):129-134.
TL;DR: Modulate the Effects of the Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells’ Supernatant on Neutrophil Functions by 17-beta Estradiol.
Abstract: Article Type Original Research Authors Nekoeii Z.1 BSc, Afzal Ahangran N.* PhD, Delirejh N.1 PhD How to cite this article Nekoeii Z, Afzal Ahangran N, Delirejh N. Modulate the Effects of the Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells’ Supernatant on Neutrophil Functions by 17-beta Estradiol. Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2015;21(2):91-96.
TL;DR: Employing new molecular methods based on PCR is recommended as a supplement or alternative to current methods for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in women admitted to Tehran Loghman and Shahid Shoorideh clinics hospital.
Abstract: Aims: Trichomoniasis is the most common sexually-transmitted disease in the world. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis by PCR referred to the women clinics of Tehran City. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 140 women admitted to Tehran Loghman and Shahid Shoorideh clinics hospital from November 2013 to December 2014. Demographic data were collected by a questionnaire. Using 2 swabs, from the posterior fornix of the vagina, secretions were collected with a swab to examine in the vaginal TYI-S-33 culture and another for molecular detection placed in a tube containing 2ml of sterile saline and transferred to the laboratory. Data were analyzed by SPSS 11 and One-sample T test. Findings: Of 46 suspected patients with Trichomonas vaginalis infection, vaginal secretions of 11 (7.8%) patients and urine samples of 4 (2.8%) patients by PCR, vaginal secretions of 6 (4.2%) and urine sample of 1 (0.5%) were reported positive in culture. There was a significant correlation between education and husbands’ job and Trichomonas vaginalis infection (p<0.05). There was not a significant correlation between contraception and prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis (p>0.05). Conclusion: Employing new molecular methods based on PCR is recommended as a supplement or alternative to current methods for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis.
TL;DR: The decreasing level of glucose between metformin and Citrullus colocynthis groups was significant in day 28 (p<0.05), But it was notsignificant in day 42, which means met formin can be replaced by CitruLLus colokynthis in reducing blood glucose.
Abstract: Aims: Diabetes is one of the metabolic diseases. According to side effects of medication and high costs of treatments, medical plants are of attention. This study was done to compare the anti-diabetic effect of Citrullus colocynthis fruit powder with metformin on blood glucose level. Materials & Methods: 32 mature male rats with an average weight of 250300gr were divided into four groups; a negative control (normal diet), a positive control (distilled water), a sham (14 mg/kg metformin) and a treatment (50mg/kg Citrullus colocynthis). Type 2 diabetes induced by intraperitoneal injection of 60mg/kg of Streptozotocin (two times, with 48h interval) in all except the negative control group. These solutions regularly administrated by using oral gavage for 6 weeks. After 12 hours of fasting, before the first and after the last doses, the blood glucose was measured via the tail vein. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS 18 software by one way ANOVA with repeated measurement tests. Findings: The decreasing level of glucose between metformin and Citrullus colocynthis groups was significant in day 28 (p<0.05), But it was not significant in day 42. Conclusion: Metformin can be replaced by Citrullus colocynthis in reducing blood glucose.
TL;DR: Aqueous extract of Momordica charantia fruit have better effect on reducing the blood glucose than methanolic extracts, which reduces the activity of aspartate aminotransfrase, alanin aminosfrase and alkalin phosphatase.
Abstract: Aims: Karela (Momordica charantia), is extensively used in traditional medicine as an antidiabetic drug. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of aqueous and methanolic extrarct of Momordica charantia on blood glucose and liver enzymes of rats. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 36 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (6 rats in each group); control (healthy rats), negative control (diabetic rats by Streptozotocine) and 4 experimental groups (diabetic rats which recived aqueous and methanolic extracts of plant in concentrations of 50 and 100mg/kg of body weight daily for 40 days). The amount of the blood glucose was determined by sequential incision of the tip of the tail once a weak. After completing 40 days, blood was collected from heart of rats and the level of the liver enzymes serum was determined. The results were analysed by ANOVA with repeated measure and one way ANOVA tests in SPSS 19 software. Findings: The effect of different concentrations of aqueous and methanolic extracts on the blood glucose level was significant (p<0.001). Also a significant difference was observed between the amount of the aspartate aminotransfrase (p=0.049) and alanin aminotransfrase (p=0.005) enzymes activity at the two groups of negative control and 50mg/kg of body weight of methanolic extract. Using of 50 and 100mg/kg of body weight of aqueous and methanolic extracts reduced the alkalin phosphatase enzyme activity (p=0.002). Conclusion: Aqueous extract of Momordica charantia fruit have better effect on reducing the blood glucose than methanolic extracts. Both aqueous and methanolic extracts reduce the activity of aspartate aminotransfrase, alanin aminotransfrase and alkalin phosphatase.
TL;DR: Ziziphora tenuior L. decreases pain that might be caused by compounds such as Limonene and Pulegone especially.
Abstract: Aims: Ziziphora tenuior L. is used as an analgesic and to treat digestive diseases in Iranian traditional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora tenuior L. on pain and compare it with Diclofenac in male rats. Materials & Methods: This Experimental study was done on 72 male rats. Animals were randomly divided into 9 group (n=8) including C (with no treatment), P (Placebo receiving water and alcohol), K400, K800, and K1600 (receiving the extract 400, 800, and 1600mg/kg doses respectively), DK1600 (receiving 0.4mg/kg Diclophenac and 1600mg/kg dose of the extract), N (receiving Naloxan), and M (receiving Morphine). 15min after each oral administration, animals were injected with formalin and animal movements and behavior were recorded in two acute and chronic phases. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using Tukey and One-way ANOVA tests. Findings: Pain score in PC group reduced significantly compared to C group (p≤0.05). Pain significantly decreased in K400, K800 and K1600 groups compared with control group (p≤0.05). Pretreatment with Naloxone significantly reduced analgesic effect of the extract compared with control group (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Ziziphora tenuior L. decreases pain that might be caused by compounds such as Limonene and Pulegone especially.
TL;DR: The relative expression of both melatonin receptors in rats’ hippocampus increases across aging during critical period of brain development and visual deprivation reverses the pattern ofmelatonin receptors expression.
Abstract: Aims: Melatonin modulates the function of nervous system and its secretion is dependent to circadian rhythms and visual signals. The melatonin receptors are founded in many areas of the brain. During critical period of the brain development, the structure of mammals’ brain is intensely affected by peripheral sensory signals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of interaction of age and visual deprivation during critical period of brain development on melatonin receptors expression in rats’ hippocampus. Materials & Methods: This experimental study was carried on 2 groups (n=36) of male Wistar rats kept in standard 12 hour light/dark condition (Light Reared-LR) or in complete darkness (Dark Reared-DR). The rats of each groups, were introduced into the experiments at 2, 4 and 6 weeks old of age. Expression of mRNA of both melatonin receptors, MT1 and MT2, in the hippocampus was evaluated by RT-PCR and using Western Blot technique, protein expression of those receptors was investigated. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc tests. Findings: The relative expression of mRNA and protein of MT1 and MT2 receptors increased about 36% in the LR animals from 2 to 6 weeks old of age (p<0.001). The visual deprivation caused a decrease of 35% and 50% in expression of MT1 and MT2 from 2 to 6 weeks old of age, respectively (p<0.001 for both comparison). Conclusion: The relative expression of both melatonin receptors in rats’ hippocampus increases across aging during critical period of brain development and visual deprivation reverses the pattern of melatonin receptors expression.
TL;DR: Teaching emotional intelligence components can increase the belief of self-efficacy and reduce the syndromes of occupational stress.
Abstract: Aims: Emotions and how to deal with them are part of the human personality and affect her health. Ability to evaluate and express our emotions, emotion regulation of ourselves and the others and operation of emotion is called "emotional intelligence". This study aimed to determine the effect of emotional intelligence component training on self-efficacy enhancement and reduction of occupational stress. Materials & Methods: The semi-experimental research was done on Tehran municipality employees in 2010. Purposeful cluster sampling was done and 30 people who had a high score of occupational stress and low occupational stress were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data collected by the Self-Efficacy Beliefs Questionnaire developed by Scherer and colleagues and the Occupational Stress Inventory developed by Philip L. Rice. Data were analyzed by software SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics and independent T-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Findings: Self-efficacy mean score of experimental group was 64.9±6.2 in posttest which had a significant difference with pre-test score (51.9±8.5) of this group (t=5.1; p=0.05). The mean score of general symptoms of stress of experimental group was 25.7±6.8 in post-test which was significantly different from its pre-test score (32.1±5.6). A negative correlation was observed between self-efficacy increase and occupational stress symptoms reduction (r=0.223; p=0.033). Conclusion: Teaching emotional intelligence components can increase the belief of self-efficacy and reduce the syndromes of occupational stress.