Showing papers in "The Journal of Pediatrics in 1991"

TL;DR: The Ballard Maturational Score was refined and expanded to achieve greater accuracy and to include extremely premature neonates and remains valid for the entire newborn infant population.

TL;DR: Monitoring physical activity with a mechanical device, the Caltrac accelerometer, in 4- to 7-year-old children and in 99 of their mothers and 92 of their fathers found possible mechanisms for the relationship between parents' and child's activity levels include the parents' serving as role models, sharing of activities by family members, enhancement and support by active parents of their child's participation in physical activity, and genetically transmitted factors that predispose the child to increased levels of physical activity.

TL;DR: Although approximately two thirds of the ELBW group were performing in the normal range on intellectual measures, comparison with the control group suggests that, as a group, ELBW children were significantly disadvantaged on every measure tested.

TL;DR: There is evidence for better long-term health after breast feeding in disorders such as celiac disease, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, malignant lymphoma, chronic liver disease, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies.

TL;DR: This case demonstrates that thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency does not absolutely contraindicate merc laptopurine therapy, and it provides insight into the mechanism of excessive toxic effects of mercaptopurine sometimes observed in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

TL;DR: It is concluded that necrotizing enterocolitis prevalence varies greatly among centers; this may be related to early clinical practices of neonatal care.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a deficiency of IgG anti-toxin A may predispose children to the development of chronic relapsing C. difficile-induced colitis and intravenous gamma-globulin therapy may be effective in producing clinical remission.

TL;DR: Although the cause of the organic aciduria remains obscure, the constellation of biochemical and clinical abnormalities forms a distinct syndrome that may be a relatively common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy or neutropenia in boys during infancy and childhood.

TL;DR: The deficits seen in these children on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development through 2 years of age are no longer apparent and there was no statistically significant relationship between poorer grades and PCB or DDE exposure by either route.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that antithyroid antibodies and thyroid disease occur with an unexpectedly high frequency in children with SLE and it is suggested that physicians be alert to the presence of thyroid disease in patients with SSE and perform regular thyroid function tests on this group of patients.

TL;DR: National estimates of the annual number of cases of diarrhea in children less than 5 years of age and of the outcome, measured in terms of visits to a physician, hospitalizations, and deaths, underscore the extensive burden of diarrheal illness in children in the United States and suggest that interventions to prevent disease or decrease its severity could be cost-effective.

TL;DR: It is concluded that PCA and PCA-plus are safe and effective methods of pain relief in children and adolescents after orthopedic surgery, are better accepted than intramuscular injections, and do not increase perioperative morbidity.

TL;DR: Acute pyelonephritis in the absence of demonstrable vesicoureteral reflux is common and multiple clinical and laboratory variables commonly used in the diagnosis of acute pyel onephritis did not adequately predict the presence or absence of parenchymal involvement.

TL;DR: It is indicated that a single prophylactic dose of Exosurf, in high-risk premature infants treated soon after birth, reduces the number of deaths from respiratory distress syndrome and the overall mortality rate.

TL;DR: It is concluded that salbutamol is safe and effective for the initial treatment of young children with acute bronchiolitis.

TL;DR: Rescue use of a synthetic surfactant can improve the morbidity and mortality rates for premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome and the hypothesis that survival through 28 days without bronchopulmonary dysplasia would be enhanced by two rescue doses of synthetic surfACTant was proved true.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the nursery Neurobiologic Risk Score (NBRS) identifies during the intensive care nursery stay those infants at highest risk for an abnormal outcome related to nursery events.

TL;DR: HFJV, as used in this study, is safe and is more effective than rapid-rate CV in the treatment of newborn infants with pulmonary interstitial emphysema.

TL;DR: It is concluded that this casein hydrolysate is generally safe to feed to children with immediate hypersensitivity to cow milk and recommended that all infant formulas promoted as "hypoallergenic" be tested in milk-allergic patients to assess their allergenic potential.

TL;DR: Either that exocrine disease causes endocrine dysfunction in CF or that a common pathogenic process simultaneously and independently impairs exocrine and endocrine function is suggested.

TL;DR: HUS is relatively common in Canadian children younger than 5 years, and is strongly associated with E. coli O157:H7 infection, and reasons for the striking regional variation in the incidence are unexplained.

TL;DR: It is suggested that patients with sickle cell disease who have had a stroke must receive long-term transfusion indefinitely or a suitable therapeutic alternative must be devised.

TL;DR: The requirement for GH replacement therapy and the timing of its introduction will be influenced by the dose of irradiation received by the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and the speed of onset over the first years was dependent on dose.

TL;DR: The results of this study generally confirm the significance of previously reported risk factors for chronic lung disease in a multivariate setting but show that risk factors may not have the same impact in neonates with different baseline severity.

TL;DR: A heterogeneous group of five patients with progressive, invasive angiomatous diseases including pulmonary hemangiomatosis, angiosarcoma, or massive hemangioma with associated consumptive coagulopathy treated with interferon alfa-2a showed beneficial responses, including regression of abnormal vessels on pulmonary angiogram and improved exercise tolerance.

TL;DR: An optimistic outlook for eventual prevention of invasive Hib infection in infants with sickle cell disease after two or more doses of conjugate vaccine is provided.

TL;DR: Type of tumor and age were strongly associated with lag time and within diagnostic groups, age, gender, and race failed to explain more than 16% of the variance in lag time, suggesting that other factors may play more prominent roles.

TL;DR: Maternal smoking is associated with a higher rate of lower respiratory tract illness in the first year, particularly when mothers smoked a pack or more per day and when the child did not use day care.

TL;DR: 1. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a patient with cystic fibrosis and a study of US death certificates during the period 1960-1966; and 2. Selenium deficiency and possible increased risk of carcinoma in adults with cysts fibrosis.

TL;DR: A significant proportion of ELBW children had no severe disabilities, but many had dysfunctions likely to affect learning and behavior in school, and no group differences were seen regarding hyperactivity or parental stress.