Showing papers in "Trends in Genetics in 1988"

TL;DR: Receptors for retinoic acid, vitamin D3 and the steroid and thyroid hormones belong to a family of ligand-activated enhancer-binding factors which are composed of a number of functional domains required for ligand and DNA binding, nuclear translocation, dimerization and trans -activation of transcription.

TL;DR: Drosophila melanogaster natural populations show considerable show considerable genetic variation in different geographic regions, which suggests that the evolutionary history of the species involved the spreading of ancestral Afrotropical populations through Eurasia and, more recently, to America and Australia.

TL;DR: Research on the evolution of the genes coding for the yolk protein precursor, known as vitallogenin, and on the regulatory mechanisms involved in their time, tissue- and hormone-specific expression are presented and discussed in this review.

TL;DR: Interspecific mouse crosses used in conjunction with cloned sequences are facilitating gene localization and high resolution meiotic analysis of the mouse genome, allowing gene ordering by ‘pedigree analysis' rather than by recombination distance estimation alone.

TL;DR: The past two years have seen the discovery of three independent cases in which expression of a eukaryotic protein gene product is turned on and off by controlling splicing events necessary to produce the corresponding mRNA.

TL;DR: There is a remarkable conservation of many genes involved in eukaryotic cell cycle control and controlling elements in mammalian cells, and the power of yeast genetics for investigation of mammalian gene function is highlighted.

TL;DR: Keratins form a complex family of fibrous cytoskeletal proteins that are among the major differentiation-specific proteins of epithelial cells and their finely tuned program of differential expression has been used to probe the molecular mechanisms underlying epithelial differentiation and development.

TL;DR: The molecular analysis of the Notch locus in Drosophila melamogaster suggests that the product of this locus is involved in a cell interaction mechanism which controls the accurate differentiation of certain tissues during development, including the embryonic nervous system.

TL;DR: Nematodes are the only organisms in which both cis - and trans -splicing of nuclear mRNAs are known to occur, and they contain a novel snRNP, the PNA moiety of which donates its 5′ end to many different transcripts by trans-splicing.

TL;DR: Two proto-oncogenes, int -1 and int -2, activated in mouse mammary tumors by insertion of proviral DNA, are implicated in control of development.

TL;DR: The identification of cis -acting elements that mediate responses to phytochrome and light and their role in regulation of gene expression are identified.

TL;DR: A number of recent studies provide the first glimpse of the molecular genetics of imprinting as well as an influence on phenotypic characteris- tics such as shape, behaviour and size of neonates, depending on the parental origin of these regions.

TL;DR: Characteristic sequence motifs at the 3′ ends of the genes appear to serve a dual function in both the processing and degradation modes of regulation.

TL;DR: The status of different strategies that have been applied to produce herbicide-resistant crops and further perspectives are evaluated.

TL;DR: The identification of mammalian gene families sharing protein domains with genes that regulate Drosophila embryogenesis could prove to be a major stepping stone towards understanding the genetic basis of mammalian development.

TL;DR: HLA-DQ molecules, which mediate immune responsiveness, may specify susceptibility and resistance to the autoimmune disease insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

TL;DR: A functional mitochondrial ATP synthase complex has been assembled using an F o sector subunit introduced into the membrane from the non-natural side through the deliberate relocation of a yeast mitochondrial gene to the nucleus.

TL;DR: Studies on people and mice with sex chromosome abnormalities have established that the gene switching embryonic development into the male rather than the female pathway is located on the short arm of the Y chromosome in both species.

TL;DR: A strong case can be made for genetic predisposition in certain forms of familial cancer, particularly the childhood and mixed familial cancers, and Retinoblastoma serves as the paradigm for this type of locus.

TL;DR: Accumulation of many plastid mRNAs, but not the relative transcription of their genes, changes considerably during chloroplast development and Plastid differentiation, suggesting the existence of mechanisms that can modulate the stability of individual plastids during plant development.

TL;DR: This work has shown that skeletal pattern formation depends on spatially periodic prepatterns of extracellular matrix, the biosynthesis of which may be stimulated by diffusible growth factors and this mechanism could explain how characteristic limb asymmetries are generated.

TL;DR: The structural and functional modulation of RNA polymerase can now be regarded as one of the global regulatory mechanisms for selective transcription of different gene sets in prokaryotes.

TL;DR: Some proto-oncogenes thought to be involved in the development of the neoplastic phenotype in various somatic cells are expressed during gametogenesis in testes and ovaries and studies of their expression in germ cells may lead to the elucidation of their function and give insight into the molecular aspects of germ cell differentiation.

TL;DR: Cells in gastrula-stage embryos generate clones confined to particular tissues, suggesting that by this stage the morphogenetic behaviors, and perhaps the fates, of individual cells become developmentally programmed.

TL;DR: Somatic cell genetics has been applied to study the genes important in mediating the cell surface expression of the murine Thy-1 glycoprotein, a molecule present on subsets of cells within the hematopoietic system.

TL;DR: Studies in yeast are now beginning to give clues to the molecular mechanisms responsible for control of the production of ribosomal constituents and for their ordered assembly into active ribosomes.

TL;DR: This data shows that the increasing collection of isogenic genotypes differing in hormone synthesis or responses offers great promise for future research, including biosynthetic pathways and their regulation.

TL;DR: A new approach to understanding the evolution of the genetic code has come from information about mitochondrial codes, directional mutation pressure and stop codon capture.

TL;DR: Neurotrophic factors are molecules which promote and regulate neuronal survival in the developing nervous system and are involved in many other aspects of neuronal development ranging from axonal guidance to regulation of neurotransmitter synthesis.