Showing papers in "Veterinary Microbiology in 2006"

TL;DR: This review provides a summary of the use of probiotics for prevention of bacterial diseases in aquaculture, with a critical evaluation of results obtained to date.

TL;DR: Evidence suggests that 10 other small and large mammalian species, including large predators, are spillover hosts, and the risk of spillover infection to neighboring communal cattle raises concerns about human health at the wildlife-livestock-human interface.

TL;DR: Transmission of MRSA between humans and animals, in both directions, was suspected and MRSA appears to be an emerging veterinary and zoonotic pathogen.

TL;DR: Although multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of M. bovis have been identified, case reports reveal that anti-tuberculosis drugs routinely used to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected patients are effective when properly administered.

TL;DR: The key concepts used in deciding whether an infected wild animal population is involved in the epidemiology of tuberculosis in domestic livestock is illustrated by reference to six well-researched cases.

TL;DR: Jejunum digesta samples were taken from weaning pigs in order to evaluate real-time PCR (qPCR) as a method for quantifying pig gut bacteria and values obtained by qPCR and traditional methods showed a significant correlation for lactobacilli and total bacteria.

TL;DR: The coagulase-negative staphylococcal species causing mastitis in lactating cattle were identified and possible differences in the clinical characteristics or persistence of mastitis caused by different CNS were evaluated and the effect of antimicrobial treatment was evaluated.

TL;DR: The abundant presence of four Arcobacter species in foods of animal origin and the recovery of theseacteria from surface and drinking water suggest an important role of these bacteria as foodborne or waterborne agent and possibly as zoonotic agent.

TL;DR: There is a high degree of cross-protection between the virus types and the true relevance of the differences in neutralisation titer is currently not known, and differences may influence the susceptibility of young animals to infection at the time when the level of maternally derived antibody decreases to the minimum protective titre.

TL;DR: If either control or eradication of BoHV-1 infections is nonetheless a goal, then better vaccines are needed as well as better companion tests, and better tools for the characterization of viral isolates are required.

TL;DR: To learn more about the molecular biology of Pasteurella multocida 289 strains isolated from various clinically healthy and diseased hosts were examined for capsule biosynthesis genes and 14 virulence associated genes by PCR and DNA-DNA-hybridization.

TL;DR: The virulence plasmids present in serovars Enteritidis, Typhimurium, Dublin, Cholerae-suis, Gallinarum, Pullorum and Abortus-ovis encode spvRABCD genes involved in intra-macrophage survival of Salmonella, which have been shown to increase resistance to phage infection due to the presence of restriction modification systems.

TL;DR: Benefits of mass dog vaccination against rabies include the mitigation of the psychological consequences of rabies in a community, improved attitudes towards animals and animal welfare and reduced livestock losses from canine rabies.

TL;DR: The importance of deer and deer hunting to Michigan has uniquely shaped tuberculosis control policies, and poses ongoing challenges as wildlife managers strive to maintain momentum for broad control strategies, and develop focused strategies that are publicly acceptable.

TL;DR: The successful transmission of both German atypical BSE cases to transgenic mice overexpressing bovine PrP(C) is described, and these mice developed BSE after a substantially shorter incubation period than any classical BSE transmission using these mice to date.

TL;DR: Investigation of reports of skin infection in personnel working with a foal with community-associated MRSA colonization and subsequent infection indicates the potential importance of MRSA as an emerging zoonotic pathogen, and indicates that further evaluation of interspecies transmission ofMRSA and means to prevent zoonosis are required.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates for the first time a uniform profile of the particular virulence-associated genes for the vast majority of the investigated invasive cps9 strains.

TL;DR: It is found that E. coli strains associated with persistent IMI are better able to invade and replicate within cultured mammary epithelial cells than transient strains, and the invasion process involves the host cytoskeleton and signaling cascades and is not FimH dependent.

TL;DR: The strategic use of the gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) assay (Bovigam) can provide a means for the early identification of Mycobacterium bovis infected cattle, thus ensuring their removal from an infected herd, as well as shortening the period of restriction for such herds.

TL;DR: It was shown that in vitroalpha toxin production of C. perfringens isolates from diseased flocks was not higher than in vitro alpha toxin production from isolates derived from healthy flocks, and high genetic diversity was detected between isolate from different flocks.

TL;DR: Commensal E. coli strains of food-producing animal farms are a reservoir of ESBL and plasmidic class C beta-lactamases, with greater diversity of these enzymes found in strains from poultry farms, the CTX-M-9 family, with CMY-2 being the most frequent.

TL;DR: The present work aimed at the evaluation of the biofilm-forming ability of Staphylococci field isolates from bovine subclinical mastitis and at the development of a fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) protocol that would allow the direct observation of biofilm formation in milk samples.

TL;DR: In this article, a survey on 98 ill cats, 48% were positive in microagglutination test (MAT) to Leptospira spp., showing that this infection is also frequent in the feline species.

TL;DR: Overall, H1 isolates collected over the last 75 years from the U.S. pig population exhibit considerable variability in pathogenicity, and there appears to be an increase in genetic and antigenic diversity coincident with the emergence of the swine triple reassortant H3N2 in 1998.

TL;DR: Data from this trial enabled the registration of Gudair in Australia in 2002 and underpins the pivotal role of vaccination in the current management of OJD.

TL;DR: It is suggested that understanding the factors that drive the strategic-level management processes is equally important for addressing a wildlife disease problem as the tactical-level issues, such as design and implementation of technically sound field research and management programs.

TL;DR: The developments and progress towards eradication of bovine tuberculosis in the European Union (EU) are reviewed, and current policy in the EU is outlined.

TL;DR: Current canine and feline guidelines recommend that the last dose of core vaccines be given to puppies and kittens then revaccination again at 1 year, then not more often than every 3 years, which should provide a level of protection equal to that achieved by annual revaccinations.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the hemagglutinin (H) genes obtained from field strains detected from clinical specimens of Italian dogs were analyzed genetically and revealed that a homogeneous group of CDV strains is widespread in Italian dogs, all which are included into the European lineage.

TL;DR: This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of the complex protein-protein interactions involved in herpesvirus assembly and egress.