Journal ArticleDOI
A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index
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In this article, a new climatic drought index, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), is proposed, which combines multiscalar character with the capacity to include the effects of temperature variability on drought assessment.Abstract:
The authors propose a new climatic drought index: the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). The SPEI is based on precipitation and temperature data, and it has the advantage of combining multiscalar character with the capacity to include the effects of temperature variability on drought assessment. The procedure to calculate the index is detailed and involves a climatic water balance, the accumulation of deficit/surplus at different time scales, and adjustment to a log-logistic probability distribution. Mathematically, the SPEI is similar to the standardized precipitation index (SPI), but it includes the role of temperature. Because the SPEI is based on a water balance, it can be compared to the self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index (sc-PDSI). Time series of the three indices were compared for a set of observatories with different climate characteristics, located in different parts of the world. Under global warming conditions, only the sc-PDSI and SPEI identified an...read more
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A Mixed Model Approach to Vegetation Condition Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN): Case of Kenya’s Operational Drought Monitoring
TL;DR: A model space search approach was adopted to obtain the most predictive artificial neural network (ANN) model as opposed to the traditional greedy search approach that is based on optimal variable selection at each model building step, showing the superiority of 1-month lag of the variables as compared to longer time lags of 2 and 3 months.
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Understanding and Reducing Future Uncertainty in Midlatitude Daily Heat Extremes Via Land Surface Feedback Constraints
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An abrupt rainfall decrease over the Asian inland plateau region around 1999 and the possible underlying mechanism
TL;DR: In this paper, a decadal change in summer rainfall in the Asian inland plateau (AIP) region is identified around 1999, which is characterized by an abrupt decrease of summer rainfall of about 15.7% of the climatological average amount.
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Impacts of climate change on cropping patterns in a tropical, sub-humid watershed.
TL;DR: The analyses show that in Benin, warmer temperatures will severely limit crop production increases achieved through the expansion of sequential cropping, and the irrigation potential of the watershed will be at least halved by mid-century in all scenario combinations.
References
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Climate change 2007: the physical science basis
Susan Solomon,Dahe Qin,Martin R. Manning,Melinda Marquis,Kristen Averyt,Melinda M.B. Tignor,H. L. Miller,Z. Chen +7 more
TL;DR: The first volume of the IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report as mentioned in this paper was published in 2007 and covers several topics including the extensive range of observations now available for the atmosphere and surface, changes in sea level, assesses the paleoclimatic perspective, climate change causes both natural and anthropogenic, and climate models for projections of global climate.
Book
Crop evapotranspiration : guidelines for computing crop water requirements
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated procedure for calculating reference and crop evapotranspiration from meteorological data and crop coefficients is presented, based on the FAO Penman-Monteith method.
The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales
TL;DR: The definition of drought has continually been a stumbling block for drought monitoring and analysis as mentioned in this paper, mainly related to the time period over which deficits accumulate and to the connection of the deficit in precipitation to deficits in usable water sources and the impacts that ensue.