Journal ArticleDOI
A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index
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In this article, a new climatic drought index, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), is proposed, which combines multiscalar character with the capacity to include the effects of temperature variability on drought assessment.Abstract:
The authors propose a new climatic drought index: the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). The SPEI is based on precipitation and temperature data, and it has the advantage of combining multiscalar character with the capacity to include the effects of temperature variability on drought assessment. The procedure to calculate the index is detailed and involves a climatic water balance, the accumulation of deficit/surplus at different time scales, and adjustment to a log-logistic probability distribution. Mathematically, the SPEI is similar to the standardized precipitation index (SPI), but it includes the role of temperature. Because the SPEI is based on a water balance, it can be compared to the self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index (sc-PDSI). Time series of the three indices were compared for a set of observatories with different climate characteristics, located in different parts of the world. Under global warming conditions, only the sc-PDSI and SPEI identified an...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Impacts of Global Change on Mediterranean Forests and Their Services
Josep Peñuelas,Jordi Sardans,Iolanda Filella,Marc Estiarte,Joan Llusià,Romà Ogaya,Jofre Carnicer,Mireia Bartrons,Albert Rivas-Ubach,Oriol Grau,Guille Peguero,Olga Margalef,Sergi Pla-Rabes,Constantí Stefanescu,Dolores Asensio,Catherine Preece,Lei Liu,Aleixandre Verger,Adrià Barbeta,Ander Achotegui-Castells,Albert Gargallo-Garriga,Dominik Sperlich,Gerard Farré-Armengol,Marcos Fernández-Martínez,Daijun Liu,Chao Zhang,Ifigenia Urbina,Marta Camino-Serrano,Maria Vives-Ingla,Benjamin D. Stocker,Manuela Balzarolo,Rossella Guerrieri,Marc Peaucelle,Sara Marañón-Jiménez,Kevin Bórnez-Mejías,Zhaobin Mu,Adrià Descals,Alejandro E. Castellanos,Jaume Terradas +38 more
TL;DR: If changes in climate, land use and other components of global change, such as pollution and overexploitation of resources, continue, the resilience of many forests will likely be exceeded, altering their structure and function and changing, mostly decreasing, their capacity to continue to provide their current services.
Journal ArticleDOI
A climatic deconstruction of recent drought trends in the United States
TL;DR: In this article, high spatial-resolution trends of the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI), potential evapotranspiration (PET), and selected climate variables from 1979?2013 for the contiguous United States in order to gain an understanding of recent drought trends and their climatic forcings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Responses of vegetation productivity to multi-scale drought in Loess Plateau, China
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the response of vegetation productivity to different time-scales of drought (SPEI-3, SPEII-6, SPPI-12, and SDPI-24) in the growing season (April to October), as well as the spring, summer and autumn of the Loess Plateau (LP) by the maximum Pearson correlation (rmax).
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of meteorological drought in northwest Iran using the Joint Deficit Index
TL;DR: In this article, an evaluation of drought conditions in northwest of Iran was performed by means of the Joint Deficit Index (JDI) calculated from monthly precipitation data from 1970 to 2007 based on 50 gauge stations uniformly distributed across the area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drought dominates the interannual variability in global terrestrial net primary production by controlling semi-arid ecosystems
TL;DR: A robust relationship between drought and NPP in both hemispheres is observed and the leading role of semi-arid ecosystems in interannual variability in global NPP is supported and the great impacts of long-term drought on the global carbon cycle are highlighted.
References
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Susan Solomon,Dahe Qin,Martin R. Manning,Melinda Marquis,Kristen Averyt,Melinda M.B. Tignor,H. L. Miller,Z. Chen +7 more
TL;DR: The first volume of the IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report as mentioned in this paper was published in 2007 and covers several topics including the extensive range of observations now available for the atmosphere and surface, changes in sea level, assesses the paleoclimatic perspective, climate change causes both natural and anthropogenic, and climate models for projections of global climate.
Book
Crop evapotranspiration : guidelines for computing crop water requirements
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated procedure for calculating reference and crop evapotranspiration from meteorological data and crop coefficients is presented, based on the FAO Penman-Monteith method.
The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales
TL;DR: The definition of drought has continually been a stumbling block for drought monitoring and analysis as mentioned in this paper, mainly related to the time period over which deficits accumulate and to the connection of the deficit in precipitation to deficits in usable water sources and the impacts that ensue.