Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: results of a United States multicenter, prospective study.
Anne M. Larson,Julie Polson,Robert J. Fontana,Timothy J. Davern,Ezmina Lalani,Linda S. Hynan,Joan S. Reisch,Frank V. Schiødt,George Ostapowicz,A. Obaid Shakil,William M. Lee +10 more
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TLDR
In conclusion, acetaminophen hepatotoxicity far exceeds other causes of acute liver failure in the United States, and education of patients, physicians, and pharmacies to limit high‐risk use settings is recommended.About:
This article is published in Hepatology.The article was published on 2005-12-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1705 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: acetaminophen overdose & Liver transplantation.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Drug-Related Hepatotoxicity
Victor J. Navarro,John R. Senior +1 more
TL;DR: Clinical guidance is provided with regard to the detection, evaluation, and possible prevention of drug-related hepatotoxicity in patients exposed to hepatotoxic effects of new medication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation for liver transplantation in adults: 2013 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the American Society of Transplantation
TL;DR: The purpose of the current Guidelines is to provide an evidence-based set of recommendations for the evaluation of adult patients who are potentially candidates for LT, and they are intended to be flexible, in contrast to standards of care, which are inflexible policies to be followed in every case.
Book ChapterDOI
Mechanisms of Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Necrosis
TL;DR: The mechanism occurs by a complex sequence of events including: (1) CYP metabolism to a reactive metabolite which depletes glutathione and covalently binds to proteins; (2) loss of glutathion with an increased formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in hepatocytes undergoing necrotic changes; (3) increased oxidative stress, associated with alterations in calcium homeostasis and initiation of signal transduction responses, causing mitochondrial permeability transition; (4) mitochondrial membrane potential, and loss of the ability of the mitochondria to synthesize ATP; and
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidant stress, mitochondria, and cell death mechanisms in drug-induced liver injury: Lessons learned from acetaminophen hepatotoxicity
TL;DR: The formation of oxidants and the defense mechanisms available for cells are addressed and knowledge is applied to better understand mechanisms of drug hepatotoxicity, especially acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acute liver failure: Summary of a workshop.
TL;DR: The outcome of ALF varies by etiology, favorable prognoses being found with acetaminophen overdose, hepatitis A, and ischemia, and poor prognosed with drug‐induced ALF, hepatitis B, and indeterminate cases, and excellent intensive care is critical in management of patients with ALF.
References
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APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system.
TL;DR: The form and validation results of APACHE II, a severity of disease classification system that uses a point score based upon initial values of 12 routine physiologic measurements, age, and previous health status, are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
APACHE II-A Severity of Disease Classification System: Reply
TL;DR: The form and validation results of APACHE II, a severity of disease classification system, are presented, showing an increasing score was closely correlated with the subsequent risk of hospital death for 5815 intensive care admissions from 13 hospitals.
Journal ArticleDOI
A model to predict survival in patients with end‐stage liver disease
Patrick S. Kamath,Russell H. Wiesner,Michael Malinchoc,Walter K. Kremers,Terry M. Therneau,Catherine L. Kosberg,Gennaro D'Amico,E. Rolland Dickson,M.B.A. W. Ray Kim M.D. +8 more
TL;DR: The MELD scale is a reliable measure of mortality risk in patients with end‐stage liver disease and suitable for use as a disease severity index to determine organ allocation priorities in patient groups with a broader range of disease severity and etiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Results of a Prospective Study of Acute Liver Failure at 17 Tertiary Care Centers in the United States
George Ostapowicz,Robert J. Fontana,Frank V. Schioødt,Anne M. Larson,Timothy J. Davern,Steven Han,Timothy M. McCashland,A. Obaid Shakil,J. Eileen Hay,Linda S. Hynan,Jeffrey S. Crippin,Andres T. Blei,Grace Samuel,Joan S. Reisch,William M. Lee,Raj Santyanarayana,Cary Caldwell,Lawton Shick,Nathan M. Bass,Smita Rouillard,E Atillasoy,Steven L. Flamm,Kent G. Benner,Hugo R. Rosen,Paul Martin,Rise Stribling,Eugene R. Schiff,Maria Torres,Victor J. Navarro,Brendan M. McGuire,Raymond T. Chung,Diane R. Abraczinskas,Jules L. Dienstag +32 more
TL;DR: The primary aim was to compare presenting clinical features and liver transplantation in patients with acute liver failure related to acetaminophen hepatotoxicity, other drugs, indeterminate factors, and other causes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early indicators of prognosis in fulminant hepatic failure
TL;DR: The successful use of orthotopic liver transplants in fulminant hepatic failure has created a need for early prognostic indicators to select the patients most likely to benefit at a time when liver transplantation is still feasible.
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