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Adeno-Associated Virus-Based Gene Therapy for CNS Diseases

TLDR
The purpose of this review is to describe the most notable advancements in preclinical and clinical research on AAV-based CNS gene therapy and to discuss prospects for future development based on a new generation of vectors and delivery.
Abstract
Gene therapy is at the cusp of a revolution for treating a large spectrum of CNS disorders by providing a durable therapeutic protein via a single administration. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene transfer is of particular interest as a therapeutic tool because of its safety profile and efficiency in transducing a wide range of cell types. The purpose of this review is to describe the most notable advancements in preclinical and clinical research on AAV-based CNS gene therapy and to discuss prospects for future development based on a new generation of vectors and delivery.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Adeno-associated virus vector as a platform for gene therapy delivery

TL;DR: The fundamentals of AAV and vectorology are discussed, focusing on current therapeutic strategies, clinical progress and ongoing challenges.
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Engineered AAVs for efficient noninvasive gene delivery to the central and peripheral nervous systems

TL;DR: When used with cell-type-specific promoters and enhancers, these AAVs enable efficient and targetable genetic modification of cells throughout the nervous system of transgenic and non-transgenic animals.
Journal ArticleDOI

Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) as a Vector for Gene Therapy.

TL;DR: This review will provide an overview of some important factors to consider in the use of AAV as a vector for gene therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI

Not just amyloid: physiological functions of the amyloid precursor protein family

TL;DR: Focus is focused on the in vivo roles of APP family members and their processing products for CNS development, synapse formation and function, brain injury and neuroprotection, as well as ageing.
Journal ArticleDOI

Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: Multiple Hypotheses, Few Answers

TL;DR: Evidence for and against several major theories trying to explain refractory epilepsy are summarized, including the pharmacokinetic hypothesis, neural network hypothesis, intrinsic severity hypothesis, gene variant hypothesis, target hypothesis, and transporter hypothesis.
References
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Alzheimer's Disease: Genes, Proteins, and Therapy

TL;DR: Evidence that the presenilin proteins, mutations in which cause the most aggressive form of inherited AD, lead to altered intramembranous cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein by the protease called gamma-secretase has spurred progress toward novel therapeutics and provided discrete biochemical targets for drug screening and development.
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Neuropathological classification of Huntington's disease.

TL;DR: These studies indicate that analyses of the caudate nucleus in grade 4 would reflect mainly its astrocytic composition with a component of remote neurons projecting to the striatum, which would reflect early cellular and biochemical changes in HD.
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Amyloid deposition as the central event in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease

TL;DR: The recent discovery of a pathogenic mutation in the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene on chromosome 21 suggests that APP Mismetabolism and beta-amide deposition are the primary events in the disease process.
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Intravascular AAV9 preferentially targets neonatal neurons and adult astrocytes

TL;DR: It is shown that adeno-associated virus (AAV) 9 injected intravenously bypasses the BBB and efficiently targets cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and may enable the development of gene therapies for a range of neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI

Retrograde viral delivery of IGF-1 prolongs survival in a mouse ALS model.

TL;DR: It is reported that insulin-like growth factor 1 prolongs life and delays disease progression, even when delivered at the time of overt disease symptoms.
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