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Open AccessProceedings ArticleDOI

Background subtraction techniques: a review

Massimo Piccardi
- Vol. 4, pp 3099-3104
TLDR
A review of the main methods and an original categorisation based on speed, memory requirements and accuracy can effectively guide the designer to select the most suitable method for a given application in a principled way.
Abstract
Background subtraction is a widely used approach for detecting moving objects from static cameras. Many different methods have been proposed over the recent years and both the novice and the expert can be confused about their benefits and limitations. In order to overcome this problem, this paper provides a review of the main methods and an original categorisation based on speed, memory requirements and accuracy. Such a review can effectively guide the designer to select the most suitable method for a given application in a principled way. Methods reviewed include parametric and non-parametric background density estimates and spatial correlation approaches.

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Citations
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A Self-Organizing Approach to Background Subtraction for Visual Surveillance Applications

TL;DR: This work proposes an approach based on self organization through artificial neural networks, widely applied in human image processing systems and more generally in cognitive science, that can handle scenes containing moving backgrounds, gradual illumination variations and camouflage, and achieves robust detection for different types of videos taken with stationary cameras.
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Intelligent multi-camera video surveillance: A review

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CDnet 2014: An Expanded Change Detection Benchmark Dataset

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Mean shift: a robust approach toward feature space analysis

TL;DR: It is proved the convergence of a recursive mean shift procedure to the nearest stationary point of the underlying density function and, thus, its utility in detecting the modes of the density.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Adaptive background mixture models for real-time tracking

TL;DR: This paper discusses modeling each pixel as a mixture of Gaussians and using an on-line approximation to update the model, resulting in a stable, real-time outdoor tracker which reliably deals with lighting changes, repetitive motions from clutter, and long-term scene changes.
Journal ArticleDOI

Pfinder: real-time tracking of the human body

TL;DR: Pfinder is a real-time system for tracking people and interpreting their behavior that uses a multiclass statistical model of color and shape to obtain a 2D representation of head and hands in a wide range of viewing conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI

Learning patterns of activity using real-time tracking

TL;DR: This paper focuses on motion tracking and shows how one can use observed motion to learn patterns of activity in a site and create a hierarchical binary-tree classification of the representations within a sequence.
Book ChapterDOI

Non-parametric Model for Background Subtraction

TL;DR: A novel non-parametric background model that can handle situations where the background of the scene is cluttered and not completely static but contains small motions such as tree branches and bushes is presented.
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