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Book ChapterDOI

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology

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TLDR
The origins of the major themes of behavioral ecology came in the 1960s from the population biology of behavior, when new theories regarding spacing, sexual behavior, and aid-giving behavior spurred research.
Abstract
Behavioral ecology is a scientific discipline that is primarily concerned with the ways in which the various behaviors of animals have evolved by natural selection. Sociobiology is the part of behavioral ecology that deals with social behavior. The first book devoted to behavioral ecology appeared in 1962; the first scientific journal, in 1976; and the first scientific society, in 1986. Social behavior had long been studied, notably by Nobel Prize winning ethologists in the 1950s and 1960s, but the term sociobiology was coined in 1975. The origins of the major themes of behavioral ecology came in the 1960s from the population biology of behavior, when new theories regarding spacing, sexual behavior, and aid-giving behavior spurred research.

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Statistical physics of social dynamics

TL;DR: In this article, a wide list of topics ranging from opinion and cultural and language dynamics to crowd behavior, hierarchy formation, human dynamics, and social spreading are reviewed and connections between these problems and other, more traditional, topics of statistical physics are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI

Smart cities of the future

TL;DR: The state of the art, explaining the science of smart cities is defined and seven project areas are proposed: Integrated Databases for the Smart City, Sensing, Networking and the Impact of New Social Media, Modelling Network Performance, Mobility and Travel Behaviour, Modelled Urban Land Use, Transport and Economic Interactions, Decision Support as Urban Intelligence, Participatory Governance and Planning Structures for the smart city.
Journal ArticleDOI

Behavioural responses of wildlife to urban environments

TL;DR: It is argued that individuals that can adjust their behaviours to the new selection pressures presented by cities should have greater success in urban habitats, and members of species that are less ‘plastic’ or naturally timid in temperament are likely to be disadvantaged in high‐disturbance environments and consequently may be precluded from colonizing cities and towns.
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Overlapping community detection using Bayesian non-negative matrix factorization

TL;DR: This work presents a probabilistic approach to community detection that utilizes a Bayesian non-negative matrix factorization model to extract overlapping modules from a network.
Journal ArticleDOI

Statistical physics of inference: Thresholds and algorithms

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a pedagogical review of the current state-of-the-art algorithms for the planted spin glass problem, with a focus on the Ising model.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The Genetical Evolution of Social Behaviour. I

TL;DR: A genetical mathematical model is described which allows for interactions between relatives on one another's fitness and a quantity is found which incorporates the maximizing property of Darwinian fitness, named “inclusive fitness”.
Book

Evolution and the Theory of Games

TL;DR: A modification of the theory of games, a branch of mathematics first formulated by Von Neumann and Morgenstern in 1944 for the analysis of human conflicts, was proposed in this paper.