Benefit of enactment over oral repetition of verbal instruction does not require additional working memory during encoding
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The accuracy of recalling the instructions was greater when the actions were performed than when the instructions were repeated, and this advantage was unaffected by the concurrent tasks, suggesting that the benefit of enactment over oral repetition does not cost additional working memory resources.Abstract:
For this research, we used a dual-task approach to investigate the involvement of working memory in following written instructions. In two experiments, participants read instructions to perform a series of actions on objects and then recalled the instructions either by spoken repetition or performance of the action sequence. Participants engaged in concurrent articulatory suppression, backward-counting, and spatial-tapping tasks during the presentation of the instructions, in order to disrupt the phonological-loop, central-executive, and visuospatial-sketchpad components of working memory, respectively. Recall accuracy was substantially disrupted by all three concurrent tasks, indicating that encoding and retaining verbal instructions depends on multiple components of working memory. The accuracy of recalling the instructions was greater when the actions were performed than when the instructions were repeated, and this advantage was unaffected by the concurrent tasks, suggesting that the benefit of enactment over oral repetition does not cost additional working memory resources.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Addressing a Paradox: Dual Strategies for Creative Performance in Introspective and Extrospective Networks
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that prefrontal engagement in creative cognition depends dramatically on experimental conditions, that is, the goal of the task, and support the notion of two broad cognitive strategies for creative problem solving, relying on extrospective and introspective neural circuits, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Children with low working memory and children with ADHD: same or different?
Joni Holmes,Kerry A Hilton,Maurice Place,Tracy Packiam Alloway,Julian Elliott,Susan E. Gathercole +5 more
TL;DR: The ADHD and low WM groups had highly similar WM and executive function profiles, but were distinguished in two key respects: children with ADHD had higher levels of rated and observed impulsive behavior, and children with low WM had slower response times.
Journal ArticleDOI
How Common are WM Deficits in Children with Difficulties in Reading and Mathematics
Susan E. Gathercole,Francesca Woolgar,Rogier A. Kievit,Duncan E. Astle,Tom Manly,Joni Holmes +5 more
TL;DR: Children's learning abilities were associated with WM and the link with verbal WM was stronger for reading than mathematics and the majority of children with learning difficulties had WM deficits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Following instructions in a virtual school: Does working memory play a role?
TL;DR: Verbal working memory was closely linked with all three following-instructions paradigms, but with greater association to the virtual than to the real-world tasks.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Working Memory System With Distributed Executive Control.
TL;DR: The author defends a mechanistic view of executive control by adopting the position that executive control is situated in the context of goal-directed behavior to maintain and protect the goal and to select an action to attain the goal.
References
More filters
Book ChapterDOI
Chapter 11 Working memory
TL;DR: This chapter demonstrates the functional importance of dopamine to working memory function in several ways and demonstrates that a network of brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex, is critical for the active maintenance of internal representations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research.
TL;DR: The basic theme of the review is that eye movement data reflect moment-to-moment cognitive processes in the various tasks examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?
TL;DR: The revised model differs from the old principally in focussing attention on the processes of integrating information, rather than on the isolation of the subsystems, which provides a better basis for tackling the more complex aspects of executive control in working memory.
Book
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory
TL;DR: The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (PLM) series as mentioned in this paper is a collection of contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving.
Journal ArticleDOI
Working Memory: Theories, Models, and Controversies
TL;DR: An account of the origins and development of the multicomponent approach to working memory is presented, making a distinction between the overall theoretical framework, which has remained relatively stable, and the attempts to build more specific models within this framework.