Journal ArticleDOI
Brazilian isolates of Trypanosoma cruzi from humans and triatomines classified into two lineages using mini-exon and ribosomal RNA sequences.
Octavio Fernandes,Ricardo P. Souto,J A Castro,José Borges Pereira,N C Fernandes,Angela Cristina Verissimo Junqueira,R. D. Naiff,Toby V. Barrett,Wim Degrave,Bianca Zingales,David A. Campbell,José Rodrigues Coura +11 more
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TLDR
Traditional molecular and biochemical methods, such as schizodeme analysis, karyotyping, DNA fingerprinting, and enzyme electrophoretic profiles, have shown a large variability among Trypanosoma cruzi isolates, but polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of sequences from the 24S alpha ribosomal RNA gene and from the mini-exon gene nontranscribed spacer indicated a dimorphism among T. cruzi isolate.Abstract:
Traditional molecular and biochemical methods, such as schizodeme analysis, karyotyping, DNA fingerprinting, and enzyme electrophoretic profiles, have shown a large variability among Trypanosoma cruzi isolates. In contrast to those results, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of sequences from the 24S alpha ribosomal RNA gene and from the mini-exon gene nontranscribed spacer indicated a dimorphism among T. cruzi isolates, which enabled the definition of two major parasite lineages. In the present study, 86 T. cruzi field stocks (68 isolated from humans with defined presentations of Chagas' disease and 18 from triatomines) derived from four Brazilian geographic areas were typed by the PCR assay based on the DNA sequences of the mini-exon and 24S alpha rRNA genes. These stocks were ordered into the two major T. cruzi lineages. Lineage 1 was associated mainly with human isolates and lineage 2 with the sylvatic cycle of the parasite.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Emerging Chagas disease in Amazonian Brazil.
José Rodrigues Coura,Angela Cristina Verissimo Junqueira,Octavio Fernandes,Sebastião Aldo da Silva Valente,Michael A. Miles +4 more
TL;DR: The status of Chagas disease in Amazonian Brazil, including known reservoirs and vectors, and the genetic diversity of T. cruzi is reviewed, indicating that the disease may be emerging as a wider public health problem in the region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two hybridization events define the population structure of Trypanosoma cruzi.
TL;DR: A model is proposed in which a fusion between ancestral DTU I and IIb strains gave rise to a heterozygous hybrid that homogenized its genome to become the homozygous progenitor of DTUs IIa and IIc, which resulted in the formation of the current DTUs.
Book ChapterDOI
The molecular evolution of Trypanosomatidae.
TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis of a diverse selection of trypanosomatid species suggests that the genus Trypanosoma is monophyletic and that the human parasites, T. cruzi and Leishmania spp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterisation of large and small subunit rRNA and mini-exon genes further supports the distinction of six Trypanosoma cruzi lineages.
TL;DR: The findings show that T. cruzi lineage characterisation based on a single marker has insufficient resolution, and leads to important reinterpretations of recent epidemiological and evolutionary studies based on the oversimplified rRNA/mini-exon dichotomic classification of T.cruzi isolates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trypanosoma cruzi: adaptation to its vectors and its hosts.
TL;DR: Biological plasticity, which is probably the result of the considerable heterogeneity of the taxon, exemplifies a successful adaptation of a parasite resulting in distinct outcomes of infection and a complex epidemiological pattern.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
DNA markers define two major phylogenetic lineages of Trypanosoma cruzi
TL;DR: The authors' studies show a clear division of T. cruzi into two major lineages presenting a high phylogenetic divergence and hypotheses are discussed to explain the origin of the two lineages as well as isolates that are hybrid for group 1 and 2 rDNA markers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strains and clones of Trypanosoma cruzi can be characterized by pattern of restriction endonuclease products of kinetoplast DNA minicircles.
TL;DR: It is shown that, from a given T. cruzi strain, clones with different biological properties can be isolated and identified by their restriction patterns.
Journal ArticleDOI
The identification by isoenzyme patterns of two distinct strain-groups of Trypanosoma cruzi, circulating independently in a rural area of Brazil
TL;DR: It is suggested that the diverse enzyme characters of the two strain-groups circulating in São Felipe reflect diverse origins; the domestic form of T. cruzi probably invaded the area from the south of Brazil with the domestic triatomine vector, Panstrongylus megistus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isozyme variability in trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of chagas' disease: genetical, taxonomical, and epidemiological significance.
TL;DR: A genetic interpretation of the zymograms of 524 Trypanosoma cruzi stocks from various hosts and representing a broad geographical range ( United States to Southern Brazil) reveals high genetic variability (only one monomorphic locus out of 15) and suggests that this parasite has a diploid structure as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isozymic heterogeneity of Trypanosoma cruzi in the first autochthonous patients with Chagas' disease in Amazonian Brazil.
Michael A. Miles,Adelson Alcimar Almeida de Souza,M. M. Póvoa,J.J. Shaw,Ralph Lainson,Peter J. Toye +5 more
TL;DR: By means of enzyme electrophoresis, the heterogeneity of T. cruzi infecting man is shown for the first time, from both the enigmatic, disparate geographical distribution of chagasic syndromes among infected populations and the different descriptions of the pathogenesis of the heart disease.