Showing papers in "International Journal for Parasitology in 2005"

TL;DR: Fasciolopsiasis has become a re-emerging infection in recent years and gastrodiscoidiasis, initially supposed to be restricted to Asian countries, is now being reported in African countries.

TL;DR: Emphasis has been placed on liver fluke diseases such as clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis and metorChiasis, as well as on intestinal trematodiasis (the heterophyids and echinostomes), anisakiasis (due to Anisakis simplex larvae), and diphyllobothriasis.

TL;DR: Cysts collected in Italy from humans and animals were characterised by PCR amplification and sequencing of the beta-giardin gene, and supported the role of these animals as a source of infection for humans.

TL;DR: A number of tools have been developed for the control of the canine reservoir of L. infantum, including several canine vaccine candidates, in particular an FML Leishmania enriched fraction showing good clinical protection, and a number of insecticide-based preparations for dog protection against sand fly bites.

TL;DR: The challenge for parasitology is to convince resource managers and fellow scientists that parasites are a natural part of all ecosystems, each species being a potentially useful information unit, and that healthy ecosystems have healthy parasites.

TL;DR: The molecular characterisation of Giardia and Cryptosporidium has given rise to a more epidemiological meaningful and robust taxonomy and there is a need for molecular epidemiological studies to be undertaken in well-defined foci of transmission in order to fully determine the frequency and importance of zoonotic transmission.

TL;DR: The behaviour of Homo sapiens has a pivotal role to play in the macro and microepidemiology of emerging or re-emerging parasitic zoonoses and clearer understanding of the heterogeneity of susceptibility to infection, the complex genetic variations of people and parasite species is shedding more light on transmission routes and the spectrum of disease that is observed.

TL;DR: The importance of wildlife reservoirs in perpetuating transmission and as a source of infection for domestic animals and humans is addressed and the transmission pattern of a recently described new species, Echinococcus shiquicus, from China is referred to.

TL;DR: Investigation into the processes promoting T. gondii infections in sea otters will provide a better understanding of terrestrial parasite flow and the emergence of disease at the interface between wildlife, domestic animals and humans.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the distinct arboreal and terrestrial ecologies of these mammal hosts provide a persuasive explanation for the extant T. cruzi intraspecific diversity in South America, and for separate origins of Chagas disease in northern South America and in the southern cone countries.

TL;DR: In this paper, a dynamic population model of Ixodes scapularis, the vector of a number of tick-borne zoonoses in North America, was developed to simulate effects of temperature on tick survival and seasonality.

TL;DR: A coordinated global approach for the prevention of vector-borne diseases should be implemented by international organizations and governmental agencies in collaboration with research institutions.

TL;DR: Characteristics of over 100 parasite species shared between wild primates and humans, including those recognised as emerging in humans, revealed that most of these shared parasites were reported from multiple host orders, suggesting that unique constraints influence the host range of parasites within each taxonomic group.

TL;DR: Faecal samples of 24,089 dogs were examined coproscopically in two veterinary laboratories in Germany between March 2001 and October 2004 and it may be possible to develop criteria for a preliminary identification of N. caninum in dog faeces based on the oocyst morphology.

TL;DR: This review summarises data accumulated over recent years on alternative strategies chosen by these parasites to develop within a parasitophorous vacuole and explores the role of dense granules in this process.

TL;DR: The taeniid cestode Echinococcus shiquicus n.

TL;DR: In this article, Cercaria batillariae (Heterophyidae) and an undescribed philophthalmid were detected using polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment-length polymorphism methodology and sequence analyses.

TL;DR: This trial provided, for the first time, a direct comparison of multiple methods for the genetic characterisation of C. parvum and C. hominis samples and found SSCP analysis of ITS-2 to have superior utility and determined 'subgenotypes' in samples containing DNA from both species.

TL;DR: A recent review of the use of network models for phylogenetic analysis can be found in this article, where the authors compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of different network-based methods.

TL;DR: This review will focus on advances in defining the molecular target of praziquantel action, with particular emphasis on recent work indicating an important role for voltage-gated calcium channels.

TL;DR: The review herein consolidates the current understanding of the taxonomy, epidemiology, and phylogeny of the genus Trichinella, and identifies areas where data are lacking and the authors' knowledge requires additional clarification.

TL;DR: This review summarises data accumulated over recent years on alternative strategies chosen by these parasites to develop within a parasitophorous vacuole and explores the role of dense granules in this process.

TL;DR: This article reviews the available data on the organisation, structure and function of the microsporidian polar tube and invasion organelle and suggests that PTP1 is an O-mannosylated glycoprotein, a post-translational modification that may be important for its function.

TL;DR: In this in vitro model, molecular and mechanical adhesion of trophozoites to the epithelium was shown to be crucial for increased epithelial permeability and the contribution of physiological factors to pathogenesis was essentially assessed in vitro.

TL;DR: Taenia-induced macrophages were able to suppress a mixed lymphocyte reaction in a PD-1-dependent manner and appear to be functional in splenocytes of T. crassiceps-infected mice given that blockade of PD- 1, PD-L1 orPD-L2 re-established their ability to proliferate in response to parasite antigens.

TL;DR: In vapour phase toxicity tests with female lice, benzaldehyde and salicylaldehyde were much more effective in closed containers than in open ones, indicating that the mode of delivery of these compounds was largely due to action in the vapours phase.

TL;DR: The characterisation of novel T. gondii proteins belonging to the rhomboid family of intramembrane-cleaving serine proteases are reported here, demonstrating that they are active proteases.

TL;DR: A switch is suggested from total reliance on meat inspection to active diagnosis and treatment of human taeniasis, protection of pigs against infection, promotion of health education and improved surveillance preparing chemotherapeutic and/or sanitary interventions to implement control measures in highly endemic areas.

TL;DR: The results showed that although the frequency of both species of Babesia was similar in calves and cows, the infectivity of B. bigemina was higher to ticks fed on calves while to those ticks feeding on cows theinfectivity of both BabesIA species was similar.

TL;DR: Feeding was, however, successful with tropomyosin as a target, suggesting that mode of delivery is an important parameter of RNAi, and electroporation is a particularly efficient means of inducing RNA in nematodes with either short dsRNA oligonucleotides or with long in vitro transcribed ds RNA molecules.