Journal ArticleDOI
Carbohydrates in fish nutrition: effects on growth, glucose metabolism and hepatic enzymes
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TLDR
The focus then shifts to selected aspects of hormonal regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and dietary carbohydrates and their variable effects on glycogen and glucose turnover, and the correlation of dietary carbohydrates with fish health.Abstract:
The utilisation of dietary carbohydrates and their effects on fish metabolism are reviewed. Details on how dietary carbohydrates affect growth, feed utilisation and deposition of nutrients are discussed. Variations in plasma glucose concentrations emphasizing results from glucose tolerance tests, and the impact of adaptation diets are interpreted in the context of secondary carbohydrate metabolism. Our focus then shifts to selected aspects of hormonal regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and dietary carbohydrates and their variable effects on glycogen and glucose turnover. We analyse the interaction of carbohydrates with other nutrients, especially protein and protein sparing, and de novo synthesis of lipids, and finish by discussing the correlation of dietary carbohydrates with fish health.read more
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Comparison between the omnivorous jundiá catfish (Rhamdia quelen) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on the utilization of dietary starch sources: Digestibility, enzyme activity and starch microstructure
Maria do Carmo Gominho-Rosa,Ana Paula Oeda Rodrigues,Bruna Mattioni,Alicia de Francisco,Gilberto Moraes,Débora Machado Fracalossi +5 more
TL;DR: Despite presenting lower starch and energy digestibilities, jundia catfish showed an adaptive capacity to utilize starch sources by present- ing significantly higher specific activity of amylase (58 U mg protein �1).
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular characterization and expression analysis of glucokinase from herbivorous fish Megalobrama amblycephala subjected to a glucose load after the adaption to dietary carbohydrate levels
TL;DR: The results indicated that the GK gene of Megalobrama amblycephala showed a typical structure of the hexokinase family, and shared a high similarity with that of the other vertebrates, and high dietary carbohydrate improved its glucose tolerance through the enhanced GK expressions and activities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Insulin and IGF-I response to a glucose load in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles
Paula Enes,Helena Peres,Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches,Isabel Navarro,Joaquim Gutiérrez,Aires Oliva-Teles +5 more
TL;DR: Results of this study indicate that under these experimental conditions glucose is probably not the most important stimulator of insulin release.
Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship between individual differences in feed efficiency and stress response in African catfish Clarias gariepinus
TL;DR: The results suggest that high glucose- and cortisol-responders are less efficient fish, suggesting that individual differences mainly in glucose responsiveness explain part of the differences in feed efficiency by explaining variance in maintenance levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of dietary carbohydrate sources on growth, digestive enzyme activity, gene expression of hepatic GLUTs and key enzymes involved in glycolysis-gluconeogenesis of giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus larvae
Senda Lu,Xiaoyi Wu,Yujie Gao,Delbert M. Gatlin,Mingjuan Wu,Wei Yao,Zibo Jin,Xiaojun Li,Yu Dong +8 more
TL;DR: Evaluated effects of dietary carbohydrate sources on growth, digestive enzyme activity, gene expression of hepatic glucose transporters (GLUTs) and key enzymes involved in glycolysis-gluconeogenesis in giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus larvae showed that at 50 DPH, fish feeding with maize starch diet had significantly higher weight gain (WG) and thermal growth coefficient (TGC) than fish fed with glucose, maltose or cellulose.
References
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Cortisol in teleosts: dynamics, mechanisms of action, and metabolic regulation
TL;DR: This review attempts to delineate common themes on the physiological and metabolic roles of cortisol in teleost fishes and to suggest new approaches that might overcome some of the inconsistencies on the role of this multifaceted hormone.
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Stress responses and disease resistance in salmonid fish: Effects of chronic elevation of plasma cortisol
TL;DR: It is shown, by means of intraperitoneal implantation of cortisol, that chronic elevation of plasma cortisol levels in the brown trout results in a dose-dependent increase in mortality due to common bacterial and fungal diseases.
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What if Minkowski had been ageusic? An alternative angle on diabetes.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the phenomena of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia might be more readily understood if viewed in the context of underlying abnormalities of lipid metabolism.
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Pancreatic beta-cells are rendered glucose-competent by the insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1(7-37)
TL;DR: It is reported here that GLP-1 confers glucose sensitivity to glucose-resistant p-cells, a phenomenon the authors term glucose competence, which is similar to membrane depolarization, the generation of action potentials, and Ca2+ influx, events that are known to trigger insulin secretion.
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Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: a "housekeeping" enzyme subject to tissue-specific regulation by hormones, nutrients, and oxidant stress.
TL;DR: The central question of this review is “How can the G6PDH gene be constitutively expressed in some tissues while displaying adaptive regulation in others when there exists a single transcription unit for the gene?”