Choice as time allocation.
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The present results, together with related research, suggest that the ratio of time spent in two activities equals the ratios of the "values" of the activities.Abstract:
When pigeons' standing on one or the other side of a chamber was reinforced on two concurrent variable-interval schedules, the ratio of time spent on the left to time spent on the right was directly proportional to the ratio of reinforcements produced by standing on the left to reinforcements produced by standing on the right. The constant of proportionality was less than unity for all pigeons, indicating a bias toward the right side of the chamber. The biased matching relation obtained here is comparable to the matching relation obtained with concurrent reinforcement of key pecks. The present results, together with related research, suggest that the ratio of time spent in two activities equals the ratio of the "values" of the activities. The value of an activity is the product of several parameters, such as rate and amount of reinforcement, contingent on that activity.read more
Citations
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Schedule-Induced Running and Chamber Size
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Operant hoarding: a new paradigm for the study of self-control.
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Preference for Exercise vs. More Sedentary Reinforcers: Validation of an Animal Model of Tetrabenazine-Induced Anergia.
Carla Carratalá-Ros,Laura López-Cruz,Noemí SanMiguel,Patricia Ibáñez-Marín,Andrea Martínez-Verdú,John D. Salamone,Mercè Correa +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the three-choice T-maze task could be useful for assessing DA modulation of preferences for exercise based on activation and effort requirements, differentiating those effects from changes in preference produced by altering physical requirements, food restriction state, and stress during testing.
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Auditory detection and optimal response biases
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Matching by horses on several concurrent variable-interval schedules.
Donald M. Dougherty,Paul Lewis +1 more
TL;DR: The generality of the matching law is expanded to include horses as well as providing some other information about the response characteristics of horses.
References
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Relative and absolute strength of response as a function of frequency of reinforcement
TL;DR: The present experiment is a study of strength of response of pigeons on a concurrent schedule under which they peck at either of two response-keys and investigates output as a function of frequency of reinforcement.
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A progression for generating variable-interval schedules.
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Choice and delay of reinforcement
TL;DR: The relative frequency of responding at each key was shown to match the relative immediacy of reinforcement, immediacy defined as the reciprocal of the delay of reinforcement.
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Preference and Switching under Concurrent Scheduling.
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Concurrent performances: a baseline for the study of reinforcement magnitude1
TL;DR: When a pigeon's pecking on a single key was reinforced by a variable-interval (VI) schedule of reinforcement, the rate of pecking was insensitive to changes in the duration of reinforcement from 3 to 6 sec.