Open AccessBook
Chronic hepatitis B : an update
Naoky C. S. Tsai,Norman Gitlin +1 more
TLDR
A group of experts in this field is assembled to present their expertise in such a level, where the practicing clinicians who deal with this disease in their daily practice can understand thereby implement this knowledge into their own practice.Abstract:
A recent Institute of Medicine report has concluded that 'there is a lack of knowledge and awareness about chronic viral hepatitis on the part of health-care and social-service providers, as well as among at-risk populations, members of the public, and policy-makers. Due to the insufficient understanding about the extent and seriousness of this public-health problem, inadequate public resources are being allocated to prevention, control, and surveillance programs'. It is with these concerns in mind that Dr. Tsai assembled a group of experts in this field to present their expertise in such a level, where the practicing clinicians who deal with this disease in their daily practice can understand thereby implement this knowledge into their own practice. Dr. Brian McMahon discusses the natural history of chronic hepatitis B with his vast knowledge and experience working with the high endemic population of Inuit in Alaska. Drs. Marc Ghany and Ed provide a very easy-to-understand description of HBV virology. Dr. Kyon-Mi Chang contributes an article on HBV immunology, which is the least understood area of this disease but has the most potential to improve our knowledge in the management of chronic hepatitis B. Dr. Anna Lok provides an authoritative review on the current issues and controversies of treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Dr. Stephen Locarnini, who has extensive experience in anti-viral resistance and its management, presents important issues in the usage of currently available anti-viral oral agents. Dr. Myron Tong discusses the current understanding of HBV carcinogenesis and updates HCC surveillance and treatment - the most dreadful outcome of this disease. Dr. Paul Martin discusses management of end- stage chronic hepatitis B - anti-viral therapy, montherapy vs combo therapy, choice of agent, when to start therapy and post-transplant patients including duration of HBIG therapy, HBcAb(+)only recipient) and Occult HBV infection. Dr. Tram Tran discusses the treatment in reproductive women, during pregnancy, and prevention of vertical transmission in third trimester with antiviral agents - an area with significant lack of good clinical evidence. Dr. Steve Han discusses management of patients with acute hepatitis B, co-infection with HDV/HCV/HIV, pre-immuno-suppressive therapy, and management of renal and heart transplant patients with HBV infection. Dr. Mei Huei Chang discusses Taiwanese success in implementing universal vaccination leading to a remarkable reduction in both prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally Drs. Michelle Lai and Yun Fan Liaw provide a rundown of what we have accomplished and the hope for the future in our fight to control this disease.read more
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10Acute liver failure
Tony Whitehouse,Julia Wendon +1 more
TL;DR: Patients with acute liver failure should be managed in an intensive care unit and Advice should be sought from a centre capable of performing liver transplantation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bortezomib Induced Hepatitis B Reactivation
TL;DR: Bortezomib associated late HBV reactivation appears to be a unique event that requires further confirmation and brings to discussion whether hepatitis B core positive individuals would benefit from monitoring of HBV activation while on therapy.
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Genotyping of HBV and tracking of resistance mutations in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Sidelcina Rugieri Pacheco,Maria Isabel Magalhães Andrade dos Santos,Andreas Stöcker,Maria Alice Sant'Anna Zarife,Maria Isabel Schinoni,Raymundo Paraná,Mitermayer G. Reis,Luciano Kalabric Silva +7 more
TL;DR: Investigation of resistance mutations and genotypic characterization of hepatitis B virus in patients naïve to chronic hepatitis B, in the Northern and Northeastern regions of Brazil found drug resistance-associated mutations located in the RT domain of the P gene (rtHBV) were found.
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Comparison of clevudine and entecavir for treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: two-year follow-up data.
Eileen L. Yoon,Hyung Joon Yim,Hyun Jung Lee,Young-Sun Lee,Jeong Han Kim,Eun Suk Jung,Ji Hoon Kim,Yeon Seok Seo,Jong Eun Yeon,Hong Sik Lee,Soon Ho Um,Kwan Soo Byun +11 more
TL;DR: Although both drugs showed potent antiviral activity, entecavir showed better virologic response at 24 months, primarily owing to treatment failures in the clevudine group that were associated with development of drug resistance and muscle-related problems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimal time for restoring the reliability of liver stiffness measurement in patients with chronic hepatitis B experiencing acute exacerbation.
Hana Park,Seung Up Kim,Darae Kim,Do Young Kim,Sang Hoon Ahn,Kwang Hyub Han,Chae Yoon Chon,Jun Yong Park +7 more
TL;DR: LSM should be postponed for at least 3 months after stabilization of ALT below 2× ULN to restore the reliability of LSM in assessing liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B experiencing acute exacerbation.