Open AccessBook
Chronic hepatitis B : an update
Naoky C. S. Tsai,Norman Gitlin +1 more
TLDR
A group of experts in this field is assembled to present their expertise in such a level, where the practicing clinicians who deal with this disease in their daily practice can understand thereby implement this knowledge into their own practice.Abstract:
A recent Institute of Medicine report has concluded that 'there is a lack of knowledge and awareness about chronic viral hepatitis on the part of health-care and social-service providers, as well as among at-risk populations, members of the public, and policy-makers. Due to the insufficient understanding about the extent and seriousness of this public-health problem, inadequate public resources are being allocated to prevention, control, and surveillance programs'. It is with these concerns in mind that Dr. Tsai assembled a group of experts in this field to present their expertise in such a level, where the practicing clinicians who deal with this disease in their daily practice can understand thereby implement this knowledge into their own practice. Dr. Brian McMahon discusses the natural history of chronic hepatitis B with his vast knowledge and experience working with the high endemic population of Inuit in Alaska. Drs. Marc Ghany and Ed provide a very easy-to-understand description of HBV virology. Dr. Kyon-Mi Chang contributes an article on HBV immunology, which is the least understood area of this disease but has the most potential to improve our knowledge in the management of chronic hepatitis B. Dr. Anna Lok provides an authoritative review on the current issues and controversies of treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Dr. Stephen Locarnini, who has extensive experience in anti-viral resistance and its management, presents important issues in the usage of currently available anti-viral oral agents. Dr. Myron Tong discusses the current understanding of HBV carcinogenesis and updates HCC surveillance and treatment - the most dreadful outcome of this disease. Dr. Paul Martin discusses management of end- stage chronic hepatitis B - anti-viral therapy, montherapy vs combo therapy, choice of agent, when to start therapy and post-transplant patients including duration of HBIG therapy, HBcAb(+)only recipient) and Occult HBV infection. Dr. Tram Tran discusses the treatment in reproductive women, during pregnancy, and prevention of vertical transmission in third trimester with antiviral agents - an area with significant lack of good clinical evidence. Dr. Steve Han discusses management of patients with acute hepatitis B, co-infection with HDV/HCV/HIV, pre-immuno-suppressive therapy, and management of renal and heart transplant patients with HBV infection. Dr. Mei Huei Chang discusses Taiwanese success in implementing universal vaccination leading to a remarkable reduction in both prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally Drs. Michelle Lai and Yun Fan Liaw provide a rundown of what we have accomplished and the hope for the future in our fight to control this disease.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic review with meta-analysis: development of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients with hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance.
TL;DR: The seroclearance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is considered to be associated with favourable clinical outcomes, but previous studies with inconsistent findings reported that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could still develop in those patients.
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Tenofovir monotherapy versus tenofovir and entecavir combination therapy in patients with entecavir-resistant chronic hepatitis B with multiple drug failure: results of a randomised trial
Young-Suk Lim,Kwan Soo Byun,Byung Chul Yoo,So Young Kwon,Yoon Jun Kim,Jihyun An,Han Chu Lee,Yung Sang Lee +7 more
TL;DR: TDF monotherapy for 48 weeks provided a virological response comparable to that of TDF and ETV combination therapy in patients infected with ETV-resistant HBV.
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Immune Tolerant Chronic Hepatitis B: The Unrecognized Risks.
TL;DR: The notion that the immune tolerant phase is truly benign is challenged and the possibility that events during this phase may contribute significantly to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the premature death of 25% of HBV carriers worldwide is considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus drugs in pregnancy: findings from the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry.
Robert S. Brown,Elizabeth C. Verna,Marcus R. Pereira,Hugh H. Tilson,Christopher Aguilar,Cheng-Shiun Leu,Maria Buti,Elizabeth A. Fagan +7 more
TL;DR: No increased risk of major birth defects including in non-live births was observed for pregnant women exposed to antivirals relevant to CHB treatment overall or to LAM or TDF compared to population-based controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association Between Anthropometric Parameters and Measurements of Liver Stiffness by Transient Elastography
Grace Lai-Hung Wong,Henry Lik-Yuen Chan,Paul Cheung-Lung Choi,Anthony W.H. Chan,Angeline Oi–Shan Lo,Angel Mei-Ling Chim,Vincent Wai-Sun Wong +6 more
TL;DR: High BMI was independently associated with high LSM, in addition to fibrosis stage, among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and high BMI ≥30 kg/m(2) is associated with higher LSMs in patients with NAFLD.