Open AccessBook
Chronic hepatitis B : an update
Naoky C. S. Tsai,Norman Gitlin +1 more
TLDR
A group of experts in this field is assembled to present their expertise in such a level, where the practicing clinicians who deal with this disease in their daily practice can understand thereby implement this knowledge into their own practice.Abstract:
A recent Institute of Medicine report has concluded that 'there is a lack of knowledge and awareness about chronic viral hepatitis on the part of health-care and social-service providers, as well as among at-risk populations, members of the public, and policy-makers. Due to the insufficient understanding about the extent and seriousness of this public-health problem, inadequate public resources are being allocated to prevention, control, and surveillance programs'. It is with these concerns in mind that Dr. Tsai assembled a group of experts in this field to present their expertise in such a level, where the practicing clinicians who deal with this disease in their daily practice can understand thereby implement this knowledge into their own practice. Dr. Brian McMahon discusses the natural history of chronic hepatitis B with his vast knowledge and experience working with the high endemic population of Inuit in Alaska. Drs. Marc Ghany and Ed provide a very easy-to-understand description of HBV virology. Dr. Kyon-Mi Chang contributes an article on HBV immunology, which is the least understood area of this disease but has the most potential to improve our knowledge in the management of chronic hepatitis B. Dr. Anna Lok provides an authoritative review on the current issues and controversies of treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Dr. Stephen Locarnini, who has extensive experience in anti-viral resistance and its management, presents important issues in the usage of currently available anti-viral oral agents. Dr. Myron Tong discusses the current understanding of HBV carcinogenesis and updates HCC surveillance and treatment - the most dreadful outcome of this disease. Dr. Paul Martin discusses management of end- stage chronic hepatitis B - anti-viral therapy, montherapy vs combo therapy, choice of agent, when to start therapy and post-transplant patients including duration of HBIG therapy, HBcAb(+)only recipient) and Occult HBV infection. Dr. Tram Tran discusses the treatment in reproductive women, during pregnancy, and prevention of vertical transmission in third trimester with antiviral agents - an area with significant lack of good clinical evidence. Dr. Steve Han discusses management of patients with acute hepatitis B, co-infection with HDV/HCV/HIV, pre-immuno-suppressive therapy, and management of renal and heart transplant patients with HBV infection. Dr. Mei Huei Chang discusses Taiwanese success in implementing universal vaccination leading to a remarkable reduction in both prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally Drs. Michelle Lai and Yun Fan Liaw provide a rundown of what we have accomplished and the hope for the future in our fight to control this disease.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Viral Outcome in Patients with Occult HBV Infection or HCV-Ab Positivity Treated for Lymphoma
Maria Guarino,Marco Picardi,Anna Vitiello,Novella Pugliese,Matilde Rea,Valentina Cossiga,Fabrizio Pane,Nicola Caporaso,Filomena Morisco +8 more
TL;DR: The concept that HBV reactivation is strongly related to the type of immunosuppressive therapy administered and that antiviral prophylaxis needs to be tailored is underlines the concept that patients with occult HBV infection receiving chemotherapy containing rituximab for lymphoma without antiviral Prozac are at risk of viral reactivation.
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Death from Liver Failure despite Lamivudine Prophylaxis during R-CHOP Chemotherapy due to Rapid Emergence M204 Mutations.
TL;DR: LAM should not be used for prophylaxis of patients with chronic hepatitis B with detectable HBV DNA undergoing chemotherapy with rituximab containing cytotoxic chemotherapy even if they have never had exposure to lamivudine in the past.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tri‐typing of Hepatitis B‐related acute‐on‐chronic liver failure defined by the World Gastroenterology Organization
Xiaoting Tang,Tingting Qi,Beiling Li,Hai Li,Zu-Xiong Huang,Zhibin Zhu,Minghan Tu,Jie Gao,Congyan Zhu,Xiuhua Jiang,Xutong Yu,Guanting Lu,Ming Xiong,Qinjun He,Fuyuan Zhou,Weiqun Wen,Jinjun Chen,Jinlin Hou +17 more
TL;DR: This work aims to compare the three types of ACLF patients in clinic characteristics, and shows that patients infected with hepatitis B virus are more likely to have acute liver failure than those infected with HBV.
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Time-varying serum gradient of hepatitis B surface antigen predicts risk of relapses after off-NA therapy.
Nai Hsuan Chien,Yen-Tsung Huang,Chun Ying Wu,Chi Yang Chang,Chi Yang Chang,Ming-Shiang Wu,Jia-Horng Kao,Lein Ray Mo,Chi Ming Tai,Chih-Wen Lin,Tzeng Huey Yang,Jaw-Town Lin,Jaw-Town Lin,Yao-Chun Hsu +13 more
TL;DR: The serum gradient of HBsAg measured throughout the off-therapy observation is associated with the subsequent occurrence of virological and clinical relapses in CHB patients who discontinue NA treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Utility of Prediction Scores for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Treated with Nucleos(t)ide Analogues
Akinobu Tawada,Tetsuhiro Chiba,Tomoko Saito,Sadahida Ogasawara,Eiichiro Suzuki,Yoshihiko Ooka,Makoto Arai,Tatsuo Kanda,Masami Shinozaki,Nobuaki Goto,Kengo Nagashima,Osamu Yokosuka +11 more
TL;DR: The predictive performance of the CU-H CC and GAG-HCC scores in the CHB patients treated with NAs is comparable to that in the NA-naive patients, and the patients with sustained high scores after the NA treatment showed a higher incidence of HCC development.